• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 1984

This study was to investigate the organophosphorus insecticide residues in crops including five kinds of vegetables and two kinds of fruits. The pesticides investigated in spring-radish, spring Chinese cabbage, cucumber and tomato were diazinon, DEP and malathion, in unripe pepper EPN and PAP, in peach EPN, parathion and demeton-methyl, and in grape EPN, PAP and MEP. All samples were analysed by gas chromatographic technique with NPD detector. No one sample was found to approach proposed national maximum residue limits in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.299-311
• /
• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate and analyze the designation status of the Local Wildlife Conservation Ordinance for the conservation and management of wild fauna and flora, and to elucidate the problems and improvement directions. We compared and analyzed the provisions of the wildlife conservation ordinance of 17 regional local governments. After that,the designation status of Wildlife Protected by City/Do was investigated and the appropriateness was confirmed based on guidelines and laws. The ordinances related to wildlife were enacted in all municipalities, and provisions such as selection criteria, protection measures, and act limitations were commonly reflected. The provisions were varied depending on the characteristics of each local government, including details of flag species, the addition of species in the restoration promotion plan as criteria for selection and provision of protection and restoration of habitats. Since 2006, when the wildlife protected by City/Do designation and protection guidelines have been established, the protected wildlife have increased sharply, and there has been newly designated regional local government within the past one or two years. However, in some local government, protected wildlife has been designated for more than 10 years, and there are many that do not meet the selection criteria. Therefore, more scientific and objective selection criteria and methods should be constructed for the selection of species suitable for the purpose of the Wildlife protected by City/Do.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.30 no.10
• /
• pp.1058-1064
• /
• 2008

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.82-90
• /
• 2014

To assess the adverse effects of suspended solids on fishes, the hatching rate of embryo, and survival and growth of larvae were measured with common fish species of river such as crusian carp (Carassius auratus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and medaka (Oryzias latipes). Bioassay on hatching rate of embryo was conducted with a range of turbidity as 10 levels from 0.2 to 8,080 NTU. Another bioassay on 4-day larval survival and 21-day larval growth were also conducted with a range of turbidity as 8 levels from 0.1 to 8,260 NTU, and 6 levels from 0.7 to 2,030 NTU, respectively. The hatching rate of C. auratus was not significantly different from that of control at turbidity below 4,040 NTU, whereas it decreased when turbidity was 8,080 NTU (p<0.05). The hatching rate of C. carpio was not affected by concentration of suspended solids. For O. latipes, the hatching rate significantly decreased from 254 NTU (p<0.001) and it was zero when turbidity was 8,080 NTU. The 4-day survival of larvae of all 3 species was not affected by turbidity, while the larval growth of all 3 species was significantly affected. The turbidity effect on the growth of C. auratus and C. carpio was observed from 7 days after the exposure at turbidity level of 145, 143 NTU, respectively. The turbidity effect on the growth of O. latipes was observed from 14 days after the exposure at turbidity level of 254 NTU. The results of this study will provide the basic information for the derivation of water quality criteria on suspended solids for the protection of aquatic ecosystem and the quantitative ecological risk assessment of freshwater environment.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.399-403
• /
• 2003

In order to understand the protection effects of antioxidant enzymes against oxidative stress caused by various environmental stresses, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv, Xanthi) plants expressing both copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in chloroplasts (referred to as CA plants) were subjected to highlight (1,100$\mu$mol m$^{-2}$ sec$^{-1}$) and chilling at 4$^{\circ}C$. The protection effects of CA plants using leaf discs were compared with those of transgenic plants expressing either CuZnSOD or APX in chloroplasts (SOD plants or APX plants, respectively) and non-transgenic (NT) plants. CA plants showed about 15％ protection in the photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II relative to NT plants 1 hr after treatment of both highlight and chilling, whereas they showed about 23％ protection in the redox state of P700 in photosystem I at 3 hr after treatment. SOD plants or APX plants showed an intermediate protection effect between CA plants and NT plants. These results demonstrated that the coexpression of CuZnSOD and APX in chloroplasts importantly involves in the protection effects against oxidative stress caused by various environmental stresses.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.361-368
• /
• 2003

The economic and environmental friendliness analysis of the nuclear fuel cycle options that can be expected in Korea were performed. Options considered are direct disposal, reprocessing and DUPIC (Direct Use of Spent PWR Fuel In CANDU Reactors). By considering the result of calculation of the annual uranium requirement and nuclear spent fuel generation by analysis of nuclear fuel material flows in the nuclear fuel cycle options, we decided the time of back-end nuclear fuel cycle processes and the volume. Then we can analyze the economic and environmental friendliness by applying the unit cost and unit value of each process, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.203-211
• /
• 2008

More recently, the massive marine bridges in a ship passage have been constructed on the sea. Therefore, the ship impact protection for the bridge-piers are installed to consider the possibility of vessel collision danger. Due to the ship impact protection, the pier-scour characteristics are changed in comparison with the condition without the ship impact protection (SIP). In this study, the physical modeling for the Incheon Sea-Crossing Bridge was performed to analyze the pier-scour characteristics with respect to the vessel collision protection. The rigid and movable bed tests were conducted to evaluate the flow pattern, scour depth, and scourhole with and without the ship impact protection. The experimental results for the maximum scour depth is increased 0.24 m in W1 pier at the same location and 2.4 m in W2+3+4 piers due to the SIP installation. Especially, the maximum scour depth in W2+3+4 piers was occurred around the SIP.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 2008

Water quality standards (WQS) are mandatory to guarantee the human health and protection of aquatic ecosystems, and maintain the condition of suitable water quality. The present WQS for the protection of human health in Korea contain nine substances (As, Cd, $Cr^{6+}$, CN, Pb, Hg, ABS, organophosphorus compounds and PCBs), but it is insufficient to preserve the human and aquatic ecosystem from a variety of chemicals. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the substance of WQS for the protection of human health. In this study, we chose the 20 chemicals from 43 chemicals of the project entitled 'Development of Integrated Methodology for Evaluation of Water Environment'. The methodology for calculating water quality criteria was amended from the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA)'s equation for deriving ambient water quality criteria for the protection of human health. The factors including fish intake, drinking water intake, and human body weight used in the equation reflected Korean situations. The monitoring values were derived from the water quality monitoring data in Korean four main rivers. The orders of priorities of chemicals were evaluated by human health risk assessment, and the proposed WQS was derived by technical and economic analyses. These results were reflected to expand the WQS for the protection of human health.

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
• /
• no.3 s.99
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 1985

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
• /
• no.9 s.57
• /
• pp.2-7
• /
• 1981