• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.141-150
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• 2021

With the recent spread of the concept of Smart Cities which is to solve urban problems with ICT technology, Living Lab, which identifies the demands of citizens who dwell in the city and verifies the acceptability of the services being introduced, has become an important topic. Living Lab is an open innovation platform introduced in consideration of the user's perspective in real life and is a new approach in that service developers use collective intelligence in the process of Co-creation with users. Living Lab is operated on topics which is close to citizens' daily lives such as energy, housing, transportation, and education. In particular, as energy and environmental-focused Living Lab emerges in accordance with the 'Korean New Deal Policy', interest and importance in the field are increasing. The paper derives the characteristics of water resource Living Lab through case analysis of several Living Lab practices. Water resource Living Lab in Daejeon and Chuncheon, which are located in Korea, and water resource Living Lab in Romania and Indonesia are covered in this paper as the reference. The paper finally analyzes the case of Sambang Water Living Lab in Gimhae, which is the city located in southern part of Korea. As a result of case analysis, the urban water resource Living Lab focuses on the raw water of urban water resource and should respond sensitively to the safety of citizens. And for the success of this urban water resource Living Lab, it is essential to ensure that citizens participating in the Living Lab clearly understand the concept of water resources, and citizens' opinions to be implemented as services.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.111-125
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• 2022

Korea's rapid urbanization caused problems, such as destruction of the rural environment, loss of traditional culture and dissolution of communities, as the continuous outflow of the population from rural areas, aging and consequent labor shortages and deterioration of the living environment were connected like a vicious cycle. In order to solve the problems of rural areas and overcome their vulnerabilities, the ultimate goal is to find a way to reintroduce the population to the rural areas. In order to be reborn as a space with rural characteristics and pluralistic functions and various potentials in a space under threat of underdevelopment and extinction, the pushing factor from rural areas is improved, and the population inflow factor to the rural areas is improved to enhance rural attractiveness, focusing on creativity among the 4Cs of New Ruralism: Conservation, Cultivation, Community, Creativity. A case study of 'Creative space in rural areas' was studied and considered. In-depth interviews were conducted with four key stakeholders, and the research results were analyzed focusing on the grounded theory method to draw implications from the background of Gurye Natural Dream Park, characteristics that can be viewed as creative spaces, and examples of creative space creation in rural areas. The 'Creative space in rural areas' is a space that can solve the current issues and problems of rural areas. In the case of Gurye Natural Dream Park, the young population of Gurye is increasing through job creation, provision of living and cultural service facilities, and improvement of the education and medical environment. In this study, the existing rural problem-solving process in this process was viewed as creativity in rural areas.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.255-261
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• 2023

A main purpose of this research was to analyze environmental factors to influence helicopter accidents contrary to the fact that the almost 80% of helicopter accidents happened due to pilots' human errors. There have been about 14 helicopter accidents in civil aviation sector last decade. It is noteworthy that nine of 14 accidents happened during the external sling load operation. Moreover, there is no law or regulation which could cover the helicopter external sling load operation or human external cargo in Korea. In this paper, it was analyzed the training and education regulations regarding helicopter external sling load operation or human external cargo in regulations of FAA and EASA, Based on analyzing and comparing the FAR part 133 and domestic aviation law (aviation safety act and flight safety regulations), it was found out the implication how to apply helicopter type rating for external sling load operation and human external cargo operation. To sum up, this paper expect central government should cooperate and amend aviation law which apply external sling load operation and external cargo to establish sound safety culture in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.161-163
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• 2021

This urban centralization is expected to develop rapidly, with 75% of the population living in the city by 2035. Large cities are becoming unsustainable due to side effects such as environmental pollution, severe traffic jams, excessive energy depletion, and destruction of the natural ecosystem. In addition, the happiness index of citizens of large cities is also falling because of high crime rates and safety accidents, the work-life imbalance caused by inequality and polarization, and overly competitive education. To solve this problem, Smart City, an IT-based future city model, was born. The Korean government is also actively attempting to improve urban competitiveness and promote sustainable development through efficient construction and operation of smart cities as a national focus project. To support the effort, we review the basic directions and strategies of Sejong City's Smart City service infrastructure based on the comprehensive national land plan, Smart City plan, and Smart City strategy plan.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.283-299
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• 2023

Structural stability of floating platforms has long since been a crucial issue in the field of marine engineering. Excessive motions would not only deteriorate the operating conditions but also seriously impact the safety, service life, and production efficiency. In recent decades, several control devices have been proposed to reduce unwanted motions, and an attractive one is the tuned heave plate (THP). However, the THP system may reduce or even lose its effectiveness when it is mistuned due to the shift of dominant wave frequency. In the present study, a novel adaptive tuned heave plate (ATHP) is proposed based on inerter by adjusting its inertance, which allows to overcome the limitation of the conventional THP and realize adaptations to the dominant wave frequencies in real time. Specifically, the analytical model of a representative semisubmersible platform (SSP) equipped with an ATHP is created, and the equations of motion are formulated accordingly. Two optimization strategies (i.e., J₁ and J₂ optimizations) are developed to determine the optimum design parameters of ATHP. The control effectiveness of the optimized ATHP is then examined in the frequency domain by comparing to those without control and controlled by the conventional THP. Moreover, parametric analyses are systematically performed to evaluate the influences of the pre-specified frequency ratio, damping ratio, heave plate sizes, peak periods and wave heights on the performance of ATHP. Furthermore, a Simulink model is also developed to examine the control performance of ATHP in the time domain. It is demonstrated that the proposed ATHP could adaptively adjust the optimum inertance-to-mass ratio by tracking the dominant wave frequencies in real time, and the proposed system shows better control performance than the conventional THP.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to understand the management status of food wastes in school meal to find the effective ways that would reduce and recycle them. Data was collected using questionnaires from 223 school dietitians located in Jeonbuk area. The results were as followed : 1) Waste was managed by the dietitians(54.7%) and cook(42.2%). The waste disposal contract was made by dietitians(65.0%), executives(31.4%). Therefore, school dietitians had primary responsibilities in the waste management. 2) As disposal ways, 48.9% processed municipal solid waste and food waste together and 46.6% processed separately. 3) A half of schools(52.9%) produced food wastes weighed under 10$\sim$15kg daily and using food wastes as animal food for farms was most popular method to dispose(87.4%). 4) Reasons to have food-wastes were disliking the taste of menu(50.2%) and the inappropriate ways of dealing with remaining food(64.1%) and donating to food bank(33.6%) in order. 5) The suggested ways to reduce the food-waste was to improve on cooking method(72.2%), changing of portion size(61.0%), measuring the amount of leftover food(53.4%) and requesting cooperation to educators(52.9%). 6) The reported consequences of reducing the food waste were: lowered grocery expenses(46.2%), and inspiring students on helping environmental preservation(23.8%). Therefore, the administration should work on finding a method to reduce food-waste and a way to use these resources efficiently. It is important to induct student's attitude on recycling remaining products by using food bank via nutrition education. Dietitian also should consider to reduce the leftover of food by using a standardized recipe.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.398-422
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• 2017

Objectives: The major aim of this study is to construct the database of retrospective exposure assessment for crystalline silica through reviews of literatures in South Korea. Methods: Airborne concentrations of crystalline silica were collected using an academic information search engine, Research Information Service System(RISS), operated by the Korea Education & Research Information Service(KERIS). The key words used for the literature search were 'silica', 'crystalline silica', 'cristobalite', 'quartz' and 'tridymite'. A total number of 18 published documents with the information of crystalline silica level in air or bulk samples were selected and used to estimate retrospective exposures to crystalline silica. Weighted arithmetic mean(WAM) calculated across studies was summarized by industry type. Industries were classified according to Korea Standard Industrial Classification(KSIC) using information provided in the literature. Results: A total of 2,131 individual air sampling data measured from 1987 to 2012 were compiled. Compiled individual measurement data consisted of 827 respirable crystalline silica (RCS), 31 total crystalline silica(TCS), 24 crystalline silica(CS), 778 respirable dust(RD) and 471 total dust(TD). Most of RCS measurements(68.9%) were collected from 'cast of metals(KSIC 243)'. Comparing industry types, 'mining coal and lignite(KISC 051)' showed the highest WAM concentration of RCS, $0.14mg/m^3$, followed by $0.11mg/m^3$ of 'manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products(KSIC 239)', $0.108mg/m^3$ of 'manufacture of ceramic ware(KSIC 232)', $0.098mg/m^3$ of 'heavy construction(KSIC 412)' and $0.062mg/m^3$ of 'cast of metals(KSIC 243)'. In terms of crystalline silica contents in airborne dust, 'manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products(KSIC 239)' showed the highest value of 7.3%(wt/wt), followed by 6.8% of 'manufacture of ceramic ware(KSIC 232)', 5.8% of 'mining of iron ores(KSIC 061)', 4.9% of 'cast of metals(KSIC 243)' and 4.5% of 'heavy construction(KSIC 412)'. WAM concentrations of RCS had no consistent trends over time from 1994 ($0.26mg/m^3$) to 2012 ($0.12mg/m^3$). Conclusion: The data set related RCS exposure level by industries can be used to determine not only the possibility of retrospective exposure to RCS, but also to evaluate the level of quantitative retrospective exposure to RCS.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.409-416
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• 2011

This study was performed to evaluate the microbial contamination level of meat processing in butcher's shops in Seoul from January to November in 2010. A total of 695 samples (112 cotton work gloves, 342 utensils and equipments, 241 meat samples) were collected and the environmental hygiene of 89 butcher's shops was investigated. The aerobic plate count (APC), E. coli and pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp. were tested in the samples. As a result, the level of count on APC ranged $0{\sim}2.2{\times}10^6\;CFU/cm^2$ from the utensils & equipments, $1{\times}10^2{\sim}2.7{\times}10^8$ CFU/glove from the cotton work gloves and $1{\times}10^2{\sim}9.3{\times}10^6$ CFU/g from the meat samples. The level of count on E. coli ranged $0{\sim}2.5{\times}10^3\;CFU/cm^2$ from the utensils, $0{\sim}8.6{\times}10^4$ CFU/glove from the cotton work gloves and $0{\sim}1.4{\times}10^5$ CFU/g from the meat samples, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. were detected in 11 samples and 2 samples from the cotton work gloves, utensils & equipments, respectively. The sanitation standard operating procedure (SSOP) was applicated at 49 butcher's shops. In order to improve sanitation of meat in butcher's shops, in this study, applications of SSOP, systemic sanitation education for employees, hygenic control of utensils & equipments, and continuous monitoring for microorganisms will be required.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.108-119
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• 2021

We aimed to develop a naturalness index for forest-dwelling birds in four national parks in Korea and to simulate the effect of species loss on this naturalness index. Five bird specialists were asked to give 112 bird species a disturbance susceptibility score (DSS), and the naturalness index was calculated based on this. The 112 bird species represented 8 orders (Cuculiformes, Piciformes, Accipitriformes, Falconiformes, Columbiformes, Caprimulgiformes, Strigiformes, and Passeriformes). DSS was the highest for Terpsiphone atrocaudata and Pitta nympha, and lowest for Pica pica, Hypsipetes amaurotis, and Streptopelia orientalis. There was a significant negative relationship between a species' population number and its DSS. Among the four national parks, Mt. Songni had the highest naturalness index, followed by Mt. Wolak, Mt. Juwang, and Mt. Wolchul. We investigated the change in biodiversity indices under four scenarios, which assumed the extinction of species with less than 5 (Scenario 1), 10 (Scenario 2), 50 (Scenario 3), and 100 individuals (Scenario 4). The results showed that although all biodiversity indices decreased as the species loss increased, they all behaved differently. Fisher's alpha diversity decreased as the number of species proportionally decreased. There was almost no change in Shannon-Wiener H' index in Scenarios 1 and 2. The naturalness index showed increased sensitivity in Scenarios 1 and 4. Our future aims are to obtain the DSS for all forest-dwelling bird species, and to adopt the naturalness index to evaluate temporal and spatial changes in biodiversity.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.53-68
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• 2014

This study is aimed at analyzing the factors that affect the behaviors of employee's investment, such as a decision making process in a variety of views and proving the extent of how those factors influence on their investment. The basic assumption is that the preceding factors that can be determined by the personal investment propensity, a psychological factor asserted by Behavior Financial Theory and financial-economic and social environment. This study uses Hershey's Investment Behavior Model(2007) as the main analysis tool to explain the investment behavior of individuals and deals with personal investment inclination in the psychological perspective of overconfidence, self-control and the risk tolerance propensity and add the financial and economic factors in terms of financial literacy and economic distress. Also the new preceding social environmental factors like social interaction and the effect of reference group are added to make this research to be more precise. This study analyze the adjustment effect of professional invest-consulting service that affect the fluctuation influence between the individual variables(those factors) and subordination variable(the level of investment satisfaction). The study reveals that overconfidence and self-control in direct ways have a positive effect on the level of investment satisfaction in terms of investment behavior and economic distress has a negative effect on the level of investment satisfaction. The adjustment effect provided by financial experts in investment consulting service is affirmed as the critical factor that increase the influence between self-control and the level of investment satisfaction. To conclude, the research reveals that the psychological factors are the main criteria when the workers as employees have to make investment decisions. To make investors be reasonable, a systematic financial education system provided by experts is needed from the early adolescent stages and financial companies should develop the relevant services of consulting service department as a key financial sector and financial investment products and consulting program and marketing tool pertinent to investors ages, vocational traits and their inclinations.