• 약학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.562-567
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• 1994

Now para-phenylenediamine(PPDA) is generally used as component of most hairdyes because it can be used more conveniently and effectively than the others. But PPDA become known to cause side effects such as skin sensitization, contact dermatitis and eye irritation. So this study was done to restudy the safety of hairdyes containing PPDA. The results of experiment were as follows. 1. As a result of primary skin irritation test and eye irritation test in white rabbits, the solution containing 5% PPDA(in saline) were classified as weak irritant but four kinds of commercial hairdyes containing PPDA were proved not to have any irritation. 2. As a result of skin sensitization test in guinea pig, four kinds of commercial hairdyes were classified as Calss I(week irritant) but three kinds of commercial hairdyes induced skin sensitization for guinea pig to 5% in test groups. These results indicate that the actual toxicity of commercial hairdyes(four kinds) is negligible. But based on the results of experiment, it is thought that there is possibility of some commercial hairdyes to induce skin sensititization.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2022

EO/IR 위성에 탑재된 적외선 센서(IR Sensor)는 궤도환경에서 임무기간 동안 복사 에너지에 대한 센서 출력의 변화가 발생한다. 고품질 영상을 획득하기 위해 출력을 교정할 수 있는 주기적인 교정이 필요하며, 센서의 주기적이고 정밀한 교정을 위해 탑재체 내부에 흑체 시스템이 적용하였다. 우주 환경에서 사용되는 모든 시스템은 궤도환경에서의 목표 성능을 검증하기 위해 지상에서의 성능시험이 요구되고 있다. 흑체 시스템은 운용환경에서 목표 온도 범위에서 대표추정온도 오차와 흑체 표면온도균일도 성능의 시험적 검증이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는, 궤도환경으로 우주배경복사 냉각이 모사된 열진공 시험을 통해 제안된 흑체 시스템의 대표추정온도 오차 교정 및 성능 검증을 진행하였다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 다양한 eVTOL (electric vertical take-off and landing) 항공기의 안전성 평가 수행을 위한 가변형 시뮬레이션 환경을 구축하고자 한다. eVTOL 항공기마다 적용되는 Inceptor, 항공기 동역학 모델, 제어기가 상이하므로, 이를 가변형으로 구성하여 eVTOL 항공기마다 안전성 시험 평가 시뮬레이션을 수행할 수 있도록 구성하였다. eVTOL 항공기의 안전성 평가 수행을 위한 시험 항목 및 성능 지표를 설정하였으며, 시험 항목별 시험절차에 따라 안전성 시험 평가 시 필요한 지상보조설비를 구상하여 시뮬레이션 환경에 구현하였다. 또한, 시뮬레이션 내 eVTOL 항공기의 데이터를 활용한 안전성 성능 분석을 위해 MATLAB/Simulink 기반의 시뮬레이션 비행데이터 수집 환경을 구축하고, 안전성 성능 분석을 위한 툴을 구현하였다. 최종적으로 본 논문에서 구현한 가변형 시뮬레이션 환경에서의 안전성 시험 비행 수행 및 성능 분석을 수행하였으며, 정상적으로 수행되는 것을 확인함으로써 시뮬레이션 환경을 검증하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the emission of VOCs from clothing that had been dry cleaned. Methods: In order to ensure the same conditions, f100% wool scarves were selected as the fabric type. Four identical tests were conducted on the option of either removing the plastic bags which came from the dry cleaning shop or not. The scarf was located inside a closet or room for one or two days. Small chamber tests were conducted to determine the VOC emission characteristics under the same conditions such as temperature, humidity, loading factor, and air exchange rates. Air from the chamber for VOCs was sampled by Tenax TA tube and analyzed by thermal desorption and GC/MSD. Results: Assuming that test represented dry cleaning and consumer's conditions well enough, we can conclude that immediate emissions after the dry cleaning of the scarfs caused elevated levels of TVOC, five VOCs (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, stylene), and decane group compounds. Conclusions: By removing the plastic bags which came from the dry cleaning shop or not, the storage conditions of dry cleaned scarfs by consumers during the storage time periods (one to three days) would be significant for reducing VOC emissions.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2017

Under a corrosive environment, electrodes that are applied in the water-treatment system need not only very high electrochemical activity for fast reactions, but also high durability for cost saving. Therefore, the fabrication condition of iridium electrodes was examined to produce a more durable iridium electrode in this study. Tantalum was selected as a binder to enhance the durability of the iridium electrode. Investigation of the weight ratio between the catalyst and the binder to improve electrochemical activity was performed. Also, to compare the effect of the different coating amounts of the catalyst, the results of CV (Cyclic Voltammetry) and EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) were discussed. Furthermore, an ALT(Accelerated Lifetime Test) was designed and applied to the electrodes to determine the conditions for highly durable electrode fabrication.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.901-911
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• 2015

최근 3D 디스플레이 환경들이 확대되면서 컴퓨터와 3D 디스플레이 장치들을 통해 개인의 입체 시력을 검사하려는 다양한 시도들이 제안되었다. 기존의 입체검사도구들에 비해 3D 디스플레이를 이용한 입체 시력 검사는 여러 장점들을 갖고 있지만, 3D TV나 모니터에서는 최소로 조작할 수 있는 양안시차의 한계가 1픽셀이다. 관찰거리가 짧은 pc 환경에서는 1 픽셀의 양안 시차 값은 정상 입체 시력을 구분해 낼 수 있는 기준보다 너무 크다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 극복하고자 가보 자극을 사용하여 1픽셀보다 작은 단위의 양안 시차를 제공할 수 있는 입체 검사 자극을 생성한 후 이 자극이 입체 시력 검사자극으로 적용가능한 지를 탐색적으로 살펴보았다. 넓은 범위의 시차를 1회만 측정하는 기존의 입체 시력 검사 대신에 좁은 범위의 시차 값에 대해 조건 당 10번의 반복 측정을 실시하여 각 개인별 정답률을 구하였다. 가보 영상을 사용한 검사결과의 신뢰도와 타당도를 살펴보기 위해 기존 입체 시력 검사에 사용되는 무선점 입체 자극을 이용한 검사 결과와 가보 영상을 이용한 검사결과를 비교하였고 그 결과 온건한 정도의 상관관계를 보여주었다. 또한 검사 결과가 얼마나 신뢰도운지를 평가하기 위해 약 1개월 후에 동일한 환경에서 가보 영상을 이용하여 입체 시력을 측정한 후, 두 검사 결과를 비교한 결과 높은 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 가보 자극을 사용하여 입체 검사 도구를 개발하는 경우 충분히 신뢰로운 결과를 산출할 수 있음을 시사하는 것으로, 가보 자극은 충분한 관찰거리가 제공되지 않거나 혹은 매우 정밀한 단위로 입체 시력을 평가할 필요가 있는 상황에서 개인의 입체 시력을 평가하기에 적절한 자극임을 보여준다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1051-1059
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• 2008

In the development process of an ECU (Electrical Control Unit), numerous tests are necessary to evaluate the performance and control algorithm. The vehicle based test is expensive and requires long time. Also, it is difficult to guarantee the safety of the test driver. To overcome the various problems faced in the development process, the ECU test has been done using HIL (Hardware In the Loop). The HIL environment has the actual hardware including an ECU and a virtual vehicle model. In this paper, the test platform environment is devloped for the AWS ECU black box test. The test platform is built on HIL (Hardware In the Loop) architecture. Using the developed test platform, the control algorithm of the AWS ECU can be evaluated under the virtual driving condition of the bi-modal tram. Driving conditions, such as a front steering angle and vehicle velocity, are defined through the PC (Personal Computer) input. Input signals are transformed to electrical signals in the PC. These signals become the input conditions of the AWS ECU. The AWS ECU is stimulated by arbitory input conditons, and responses of the system are observed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.775-781
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• 2016

A single trait linear mixed random regression test-day model was applied for the first time for analyzing the first lactation monthly test-day milk yield records in Karan Fries cattle. The test-day milk yield data was modeled using a random regression model (RRM) considering different order of Legendre polynomial for the additive genetic effect (4th order) and the permanent environmental effect (5th order). Data pertaining to 1,583 lactation records spread over a period of 30 years were recorded and analyzed in the study. The variance component, heritability and genetic correlations among test-day milk yields were estimated using RRM. RRM heritability estimates of test-day milk yield varied from 0.11 to 0.22 in different test-day records. The estimates of genetic correlations between different test-day milk yields ranged 0.01 (test-day 1 [TD-1] and TD-11) to 0.99 (TD-4 and TD-5). The magnitudes of genetic correlations between test-day milk yields decreased as the interval between test-days increased and adjacent test-day had higher correlations. Additive genetic and permanent environment variances were higher for test-day milk yields at both ends of lactation. The residual variance was observed to be lower than the permanent environment variance for all the test-day milk yields.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.566-573
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• 2010

Nanotechnology has been applied to various fields in our life. Although there is a limitation of nanoparticle monitoring so far, it is expected that nanoparticles are widely distributed in environmental multimedia. Nanoparticle is known to be more toxic than its corresponding bulk material. For this reason, developed countries and international organizations are preparing for future regulation. To evaluate the safety of nanoparticles, nanotoxicity studies are internationally underway. In this study, we evaluated the research trends of ecotoxicity of nanoparticles in water environment. Test species include fish, water flea, and algae. Nanoecotoxicological studies are rapidly increasing and the experimental designs become more sophisticated. Physicochemical properties of nanoparticles should be measured and the ionization potential is important for metal-based nanoparticles. We analyzed the research trends based on the type of nanoparticles and test species. Also experimental aspects of nanoecotoxicology are considered.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.155-157
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• 2005

The Electrical Test Bed(ETB) integrates the test environment, required for acceptance tests of system level, prior to FM testing. The ETB will be used for the validation of system-level functions and interface between each subsystem. The FTB supports early functional and limited performance checkout of electrical subsystems. Therefore, it provides the environment for the verification of the Flight Software including AOCS, EPS, and TC&R simulators. These ETB will be composed of engineering version of spacecraft BUS, which are laid on the laboratory table.