• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.12A
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• pp.966-974
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an asset tracking system for applying a container port environment. If we attempt to apply this common locating system to a port environment for logistics automation, the system performance is degraded because there are many steel obstacles that cause interference in the RF communication and measurement. We divided readers into two types - fixed and mobile readers; hence, the location method operates in two steps for efficient wireless communication and precise measurement. In addition, the system estimates the location with trajectory information of assets when the small number of measurement is gathered. We implemented all the system components and installed these at a real port for evaluation. The success rate of communication and estimation is much better than that of the existing general locating system, and the location precision is substantially increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.57-58
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• 2018

As interest in the Internet of Things increases, technologies are being studied to handle information exchanged between things using the Internet of Things. Specially, as container terminals are automated, the use of the Internet of Things in the terminals increases and varies. However, the use of the Internet of Things to enhance the efficiency of the container terminal operation is insufficient. Currently, the container terminal shows that the arrival pattern of the external truck is concentrated at a particular time. This resuls in gate congestion and affects the waiting times of the truck. The damage is caused by environmental pollution problems and social problems in neighboring port areas. Therefore, in this thesis, we will analyze the causes of the external truck's waiting time problems affecting the gate congestion at container terminals and study methods to mitigate congestion under Internet of Things environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1505-1512
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• 2007

The RFID Technology (which is importantly used at the Ubiquitous environment) is attached to all of the units like the ID cards and then information on the units and units' environment is transferred and processed through the radio frequency. so it is the no touched recognition system. RFID Technology's research of the middle ware and wireless interface etc. is currently conducted and variously broaden like the industry of the distribution and logistics. This paper suggests that the gate control system which is based on RFID middle ware is realized to prevent the district and facility for security. The indication of this paper is that algorithm (which is to certificate Users' enterance through RFID EPC code) is proposed and realizes the user certification module, the control module of the gates' opening and closing, the maintenance module of the gate, the display module of coming and going information, test program ect. through RFID technology.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.6B
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• pp.728-737
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• 2011

For the real time monitoring and tracking of shipping container which is one of the core objects for global logistics, Wireless Ad-Hoc Network technology might be needed in stacking environments such as ports, yards and ships. In this paper, we propose a container network routing protocol suitable for port or yard stacking environments which include some constraints such as shadow area problem from metal material, frequent movement of container, etc. With this protocol in which a mesh network algorithm is applied, every container data packet can be delivered to the sink node reliably even with frequent join/leave of container nodes. As soon as a node on path gets malfunction, alternative backup path is supported with notice to neighbor node, which makes constant total optimal path. We also verified that the performance of proposed protocol is better than AODV, one of previous major MANet(Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) protocol with a function for alternative path, which says the proposed protocol is better for frequent join/leave and variable link quality.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2007

The primary purpose of this study is to examine empirically the effect of the organizational characteristics in the vessel with foreign crews on their self-efficacy and organization commitment. Currently, the restrictions on the employment of the foreign crews are being eased in the Korean shipping industry and many problems are occurring consequently. However, specific and empirical studies on the relevancy of organizational characteristics to the crew's self-efficacy and organizational commitment on board the vessels with combined crews have not yet been carried out. To solve these problems, we examined how the organizational characteristics such as communication and leadership trust of different language and culture related to vessels with combined crews influence on the self-efficacy, job satisfaction and organizational commitment of the foreign crews through SEM analysis. According to the results, hypothesis 1, 2 and 3 were all supported with statistical significance. That means that communication and leadership trust of the vessel with foreign crew had positive effects on their self-efficacy and that such self-efficacy also had a positive effect on the organizational commitment and job satisfaction. To conclude, this study suggests that foreign crew's self-efficacy should be firstly enhanced in order to improve organizational commitment on the vessel with combined crews. Furthermore, studies on self-efficacy of foreign crew's organization are urgently needed to enhance the effectiveness of an organization in a vessel with combined crews that has special environment - working environment with depression and uneasiness due to the exposure to the different language and culture, and excessive stress from the social and psychological adaptation. Therefore, an attempt of this study is considered to be timely since there has not been a study on this subject so far and result of this study will contribute a lot to the organization management of a vessel with combined crews.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.543-553
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• 2015

This study analyzed that the impact of the bus use environment on users' stress in each step of bus use, from accessing to leaving to transfer, in the city of Daejeon. For this, we collected the stress data from 300 users using personal interviews at the bus stops and on-board bus. Also, we used factor analysis and structural equation model method for analysis of the impact of external and internal bus environments on stress of users. The results of this study showed that the highest stress impact factor was an onboard factor(${\beta}=.416$) including 'density and crowding', 'no seat to seat' and 'low ride comfort and safe'. The next stress impact factor was transfer factor including 'insufficient transfer information', 'lack of connectivity of bus and subway' and 'uncomfort transfer route'. From the above, we recommend that bus policies need to focus on not the supplier but users and also, this user based policy need to be more specified considering the characteristics of various users such as females, the elderly, irregular users, and so on.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.361-384
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• 2009

This study aims to analyse the current conditions of transport demand and its environmental problems in Gwangyang Port(GP), and to suggest crucial directions for Gwangyang Green Port(GGP) in Korea. This study consists of three main sections: concept of green growth and green port; the analysis of transport demand and environment situations in GP; policy directions for GGP. This study is mainly conducted by a literature review of related papers, an analysis of secondary data & papers, and interviews with port experts. This study presents important policy directions for successfully managing GGP in Korea as follows: modal shifts plan for green transport and logistics system in GP; energy-saving techniques in GP's berth operation; the application of environmentally friendly port operation methods in GP; construction of GP waterfront facilities; environmentally friendly disposal of maritime waste matters; establishment and implementation of port environment master plan. This study will make a big contribution to the building of green port policy and the providing of professional informations to government officials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2019

Several studies have been completed on the topic of container terminals in Northern Vietnam. Few of them, however, deal with competition in terms of costs related to vessel waiting time or cargo handling. This paper estimates the average waiting cost per TEU for all the container terminals in Northern Vietnam. After average waiting time was first estimated by applying queuing theory, uncertainty theory was applied to estimated vessel daily cost. A simulation was performed to create a series of data representing waiting cost per TEU in relation to the rate of volume handled/capacity of each terminal. Non-linear regression based on this series was used to present a function for the relationship between the average waiting cost of each terminal and the rate of volume handled /capacity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.667-669
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• 2021

Recently, RFID/USN technology has been applied in various fields such as logistics, environment, education, home network, disaster prevention, military, and medical care, but despite the remarkable development of RFID/USN technology, it is difficult to apply it to marine industry due to the characteristics of poor marine environment. Therefore, satellites are mainly used in the marine sector, and existing communication networks are used in the coast, so measures for forming a shelf-only short-range network in the ocean are being considered. In this paper, we consider the use of drones as mobile base stations of USN as a base station role using USN in existing PS-LTE and LTE networks.Since autonomous navigation vessels are aiming for the intelligent system, the number of crew and labor force should be reduced and the function of autonomous network formation in the form of more stable and intelligent ICT convergence technology should be strengthened.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.207-208
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• 2022

Recently, with the development of digital technology, new research cases which applied new technology were increased. Also, the related equipment and services are being developed in the industry. Before new equipment is developed and released, it must go through a verification process. In the maritime industry, equipment is verified through simulation tests or environmental tests on land. However, if only the test on land is conducted, verification data in the actual operating environment might be insufficient. In this paper, considerations are described in the development of an onboard demonstration scenario for verification in the operating environment.