• Title/Summary/Keyword: Enterobacter sp.

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Effect of feeding mixed microbial culture fortified with trace minerals on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen and trace mineral balance in Sheep

  • Kwak, W.S.;Kim, Y.I.;Choi, D.Y.;Lee, Y.H.
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.58 no.5
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    • pp.21.1-21.8
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    • 2016
  • Background: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of feeding trace mineralsfortified mixed microbial culture (TMC) on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, blood electrolyte status, nitrogen balance, and trace mineral balance in sheep. Methods: Mixed microbes [0.6 % (v/w) of Enterobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., and Saccharomyces sp.] were cultured with 99 % feedstuffs and 0.4 % trace minerals including zinc and copper for ensiling. Six sheep (a mean body weight of $46.5{\pm}1.2kg$) were fed two diets: a control diet (concentrate mix and rye straw) and an experimental diet (a control diet + 3.1 % TMC). Results: TMC feeding did not induce negative effects on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, blood electrolytes, and nitrogen balance in sheep. Feeding with TMC increased the intake of trace minerals (p < 0.05) and did not affect absorption of trace minerals in the whole digestive tract. Feeding with TMC increased fecal excretion and absorbable intake, and retention of zinc and copper (p < 0.05) by 71 % and 77 %, respectively. Conclusion: Feeding with TMC resulted in higher zinc and copper bioavailability and retention without any adverse effects on sheep performance.

Fermentative Bio-Hydrogen Production of Food Waste in the Presence of Different Concentrations of Salt (Na+) and Nitrogen

  • Lee, Pul-eip;Hwang, Yuhoon;Lee, Tae-jin
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.283-291
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    • 2019
  • Fermentation of food waste in the presence of different concentrations of salt ($Na^+$) and ammonia was conducted to investigate the interrelation of $Na^+$ and ammonia content in bio-hydrogen production. Analysis of the experimental results showed that peak hydrogen production differed according to the ammonia and $Na^+$ concentration. The peak hydrogen production levels achieved were (97.60, 91.94, and 49.31) ml/g COD at (291.41, 768.75, and 1,037.89) mg-N/L of ammonia and (600, 1,000, and 4,000) $mg-Na^+/L$ of salt concentration, respectively. At peak hydrogen production, the ammonia concentration increased along with increasing salt concentration in the medium. This means that for peak hydrogen production, the C/N ratio decreased with increasing salt content in the medium. The butyrate/acetate (B/A) ratio was higher in proportion to the bio-hydrogen production (r-square: 0.71, p-value: 0.0006). Different concentrations of $Na^+$ and ammonia in the medium also produced diverse microbial communities. Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., and Clostridium sp. were predominant with high bio-hydrogen production, while Lactococcus sp. was found with low bio-hydrogen production.

Indirect Bacterial Effect Enhanced Less Recovery of Neonicotinoids by Improved Activities of White-Rot Fungus Phlebia brevispora

  • Harry-Asobara, Joy L.;Kamei, Ichiro
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.29 no.5
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    • pp.809-812
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    • 2019
  • Bacterial strains that improve mycelial morphology and growth of white-rot fungi in liquid medium could enhance the impact of white-rot fungi towards lesser recovery of neonicotinoids when cocultured. This was demonstrated by the recovery of clothianidin and acetamiprid from cocultures of the white-rot fungus Phlebia brevispora strains with two mycelial-growth-promoting bacteria, Enterobacter sp. TN3W-14 and Pseudomonas sp. TN3W-8. Clothianidin recovery from cocultures of white-rot fungi and bacteria was over 40% lower than that from axenic microbial cultures and mixed-bacterial cultures. About 20% less acetamiprid was equally recovered from both TMIC33929+TN3W-14 cocultures and mixed-bacterial cultures than from axenic fungal and bacterial cultures.

Isolation and Identification of Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria and Their Effect on Growth of Red Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) (식물생육촉진(植物生育促進) 세균(細菌) 분리(分離), 동정(同定)과 고추에 대한 처리효과(處理效果))

  • Lee, Young-Han;Yun, Han-Dae;Ha, Ho-Sung
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.67-73
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    • 1996
  • This study was conducted to determine the effect of treatment with the plant-growth-promoting bacteria on the growth of red pepper(Capsicum annuum L.).The eight plant-growth-promoting bacteria were isolated from the humic soil in the forest region. The isolated bacteria(IB) was identified by the method of the biochemical test(API kit) and the composition of the fatty acid(MIDI system).The IBs were inoculated by spray of 17ml at 72 cell tray filled with peatmoss every week. respectively, with mixed liquid eulture of eight strains. The IBs were identified as Micrococcus sp.. Bacillus subtilis. Enterobacter agglomerans, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida. Pseudomonas fluorescens, Xanthomonas maltophilia and Staphylococcus xylosus by API kit and MIDI system. The plant height number of leaves and leaf length of red pepper grown on peatmoss treated with the IB were better than those of nontreatment at the 10th day after inoculation.

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Impact of quorum quenching bacteria on biofouling retardation in submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR)

  • Pervez, Saimar;Khan, Sher Jamal;Waheed, Hira;Hashmi, Imran;Lee, Chung-Hak
    • Membrane and Water Treatment
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.279-284
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    • 2018
  • Membrane biofouling is a critical operational problem that hinders the rapid commercialization of MBRs. Quorum quenching (QQ) has been investigated widely to control membrane biofouling and is accepted as a promising anti-fouling strategy. Various QQ strategies based on bacterial and enzymatic agents have been identified and applied successfully. Whereas, this study aimed to compare indigenously isolated QQ strain i.e., Enterobacter cloaca with well reported Rhodococcus sp. BH4. Both bacterial species were immobilized in polymeric beads and introduced to two different MBRs keeping the overall beads to volume ratio as 1%. Efficiencies of these strains were monitored in terms of prolonging the membrane filtration cycle of MBR, release of extra-cellular polymeric substances, membrane resistivity measurements and mineralization of signal molecules and permeate quality. Indigenous strain (Enterobacter cloaca) was added to $QQ-MBR_E$ while Rhodococcus sp. BH4 was introduced to $QQ-MBR_R$. QQ bacterial embedded beads showed enhanced filtration cycles up to 1.4 and 2.3 times for $QQ-MBR_E$ and $QQ-MBR_R$ respectively as compared to control MBR (C-MBR). Soluble EPS concentration of 52 mg/L was observed in C-MBR while significantly lower EPS concentration of 20 and 10 mg/L was witnessed in $QQ-MBR_E$ and $QQ-MBR_R$, respectively. Therefore, substantial reduction in biofouling showed the effectiveness of indigenous strain.

Effects of Ensiling Fermentation and Aerobic Deterioration on the Bacterial Community in Italian Ryegrass, Guinea Grass, and Whole-crop Maize Silages Stored at High Moisture Content

  • Li, Yanbing;Nishino, Naoki
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.26 no.9
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    • pp.1304-1312
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    • 2013
  • The effects of storage period and aerobic deterioration on the bacterial community were examined in Italian ryegrass (IR), guinea grass (GG), and whole-crop maize (WM) silages. Direct-cut forages were stored in a laboratory silo for 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 120 d without any additives; live counts, content of fermentation products, and characteristics of the bacterial community were determined. 2,3-Butanediol, acetic acid, and lactic acid were the dominant fermentation products in the IR, GG, and WM silages, respectively. The acetic acid content increased as a result of prolonged ensiling, regardless of the type of silage crop, and the changes were distinctively visible from the beginning of GG ensiling. Pantoea agglomerans, Rahnella aquatilis, and Enterobacter sp. were the major bacteria in the IR silage, indicating that alcoholic fermentation may be due to the activity of enterobacteria. Staphylococcus sciuri and Bacillus pumilus were detected when IR silage was spoiled, whereas between aerobically stable and unstable silages, no differences were seen in the bacterial community at silo opening. Lactococcus lactis was a representative bacterium, although acetic acid was the major fermentation product in the GG silage. Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, and Morganella morganii were suggested to be associated with the increase in acetic acid due to prolonged storage. Enterobacter cloacae appeared when the GG silage was spoiled. In the WM silage, no distinctive changes due to prolonged ensiling were seen in the bacterial community. Throughout the ensiling, Weissella paramesenteroides, Weissella confusa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were present in addition to L. plantarum, L. brevis, and L. lactis. Upon deterioration, Acetobacter pasteurianus, Klebsiella variicola, Enterobacter hormaechei, and Bacillus gibsonii were detected. These results demonstrate the diverse bacterial community that evolves during ensiling and aerobic spoilage of IR, GG, and WM silages.

AI 종모돈 정액내 세균감염 정도와 항생체 감수성에 관한 연구

  • Hong, Jong-Hoon;Kim, Chang-Geun;Jung, Young-Chae;Kim, Il;Ryu, Jae-Won;Son, Dong-Soo;Kim, In-Chul;Lee, Jang-Hee;Yoon, Hee-Jin;Kang, Kwon
    • Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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    • 2002.06a
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    • pp.32-32
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    • 2002
  • 본 연구는 인공수정용 액상정액을 생산하는 돼지 AI 센터의 종모돈으로부터 채취한 정액내 세균 감염정도를 조사하고 감염율이 높은 세균에 대한 항생제 감수성을 조사하기 위하여 시도되었다. 3개 AI 센터의 원정액내 세균수 (cfu × 10²/㎖)는 각각 8.2±28.8(1 -100), 18.2± 20.0(5-48) 및 33.1±62.l(4-173)로서 평균 23.8±38.l 이었고 AI 센터간, 개체간에 변이 가 컸다. 감염 세 균의 특성은 간균 74%, Gram stain(+)균 60%, catalase 생산 (+)균 100% 및 oxidase activity (+) 균 98%였으며 센터간에 다소 차이가 있었다. 정액샘플내 감연빈도가 높은 세균은 Bacillus sp(조사시료의 75.0%), Pseudomonas sp(67.9%), Proteus sp(53.8%), Staplhylococcus sp(53.6%), E. coli(l5.4%), Klebsiella sp(15.4%), Enterobacter sp(7.7%) 순이었으며 전체 감염세균 종류중 이들 세균의 비율은 각각 25.6%, 20.9%, 16.3%, 18.6%, 4.7% 및 2.3%였다. 액상정액에서 보존 2일과 6일의 세균수 (cfu×10²/㎖)는 2.4± 2.7과 44.0±44.6이었다. 항생제 감수성은 Corynebacterium sp의 경우는 8종 항생제 중 3종 (Streptomycin, polymyxin B, erythromycin)에서 저항성을 나타냈다.(농림기술개발사업 연구결과의 일부)

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Effects of arsenite and variation of microbial community on continuous bio-hydrogen production from molasses using a sequence batch reactor (SBR)

  • William, Dennis Sambai;Lee, Pul-eip;Lee, Tae-jin
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.370-376
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    • 2015
  • This study investigated the effects of various arsenite concentrations on bio-hydrogen production from molasses using a sequence batch reactor (SBR) operated in a series of three batch cycles. In the first batch cycle, hydrogen production was stimulated at arsenite concentrations lower than 2.0 mg/L, while inhibition occurred at arsenite concentration higher than 2.0 mg/L compared to the control. Hydrogen production decreased substantially during the second batch cycle, while no hydrogen was produced during the third batch cycle at all tested concentrations. The toxic density increased with respect to the increase in arsenite concentrations (6.0 > 1.6 > 1.0 > 0.5 mg/L) and operation cycles (third cycle > second cycle > first cycle). The presence of microorganisms such as Clostridium sp. MSTE9, Uncultured Dysgonomonas sp. clone MEC-4, Pseudomonas parafulva FS04, and Uncultured bacterium clone 584CL3e9 resulted in active stimulation of hydrogen production, however, it was unlikely that Enterobacter sp. sed221 was not related to hydrogen production. The tolerance of arsenite in hydrogen producing microorganisms decreased with the increase in induction time, which resulted in severing the inhibition of continuous hydrogen production.

In vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Agents Susceptibility Against Several Clinical Isolates (임상 분리 균주의 항생제 감수성 유형)

  • 최성숙;하남주
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.128-130
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    • 1999
  • In vitro activity of commonly used antimicrobial agents against several clinical isolates were studied. In the case of E. coli, the MICs at which 90% of the bacteria are inhibited of ampicillin, Unasyn, cefazoline, cefotaxim, carbenicillin, gentamicin and ofloxacin were 100<, 100, 25, 0.2, 100<, 3.13, and $12.5{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/m$ , respectively. In the case of K . pneumoniae, the MICs at which 90% of the bacteria are inhibited of ampicillin, Unasyn, crfazoline, cefotaxim, carbenicillin, gentamicin and ofloxacin were 100<, 12.5, 100<, 0.1, 100<, 1.6, and $0.4{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/m$ , respectively. In the case of Enterobacter sp, the MICs at which 90% of the bacteria are inhibited of ampicillin, Unasyn, cefazoline, cefotaxim, carbenicillin, gentamicin and ofloxacin were 100<, 100, 100<, 6.25, 100<, 100 and $1.57{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/m$ , respectively. In the case of Acinetobacter sp, the MICs at which 90% of the bacteria are inhibited of ampicillin, Unasyn, cefazoline, cefotaxim, carbenicillin, gentamicin and ofloxacin were 100<, 100<, 100<, 100<, 100< 100< and $50{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/m$ , respectively. In the case of Pseudomonas sp, the MICs at which 90% of the bacteria are inhibited of ampicillin, Unasyn, cefazoline, cefotaxim, carbenicillin, gentamicin and ofloxacin were 100<, 100<, 100<, 50, 100<, 25 and $25{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/m$, respectively. In the case of S. aureus, the MICs at which 90% of the bacteria are inhibited of ampicillin, Unasyn, cefazoline, cefotaxim, carbenicillin, gentamicin and ofloxacin were 50, 50, 100<, 100<, 50, 50, and $100{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/m$, respectively.

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Bacterial diversity in children's dental caries (소아의 치아 우식 부위별 세균 다양성)

  • Kim, Eun-Mi;Baik, Keun-Sik;Ha, Myung-Ok
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.889-900
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : Molecular biology techniques were employed to assess diversity of bacterial in children's dental caries. Methods : DNA of germs was extracted and the diversity of the 16S rRNA clones was analyzed by amplified rDNA restriction analysis and sequencing. The experimental samples were pit and fissure caries (PC), deep dentinal caries (DC), smooth surface caries (SC), and supragingival plaque (PQ) from 50 children of age less than 12 years old. The control group was healthy teeth supragingival plaque (HT). Thirty clones from each 16S rRNA clone library of 5 samples were randomly selected, thus a total of 150 clones were analyzed. Results : Amplified rDNA restriction analysis uncovered 18, 20, 11, 17, and 22 phylotypes from healthy teeth, pit and fissure caries, deep dentinal caries, smooth surface caries, and supragingival plaque, respectively. Sequencing analysis found the dominance of Actinomycs naeslundii and Fusobacterium nucleatum in the healthy teeth; Leptotrichia sp. in the pit and fissure caries; Actinomyces sp., Streptococcus mutans, and Rahnella aquatilis in the deep dentinal caries; Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces sp. in the smooth surface caries; Enterobacter hormaechei and Streptococcus sanguinis in the supragingival plaque. Conclusions : Clonal analysis identified 6 phyla, 20 genera, and 51 species.