• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

This paper investigated the rhythmic features of speakers of English as a lingua franca in Asian contexts. A speech corpus of 150 conversations between speakers of English in Asia with different L1 backgrounds was collected and %V, ${\Delta}V$, VarcoV, and nPVI-V of each speaker were analyzed. It was found that L1 difference of the speakers and the speakers' daily use of English influenced %V, while the speakers' daily use of English influenced ${\Delta}V$. The gender difference of the speakers also affected the rhythm of the utterances in VarcoV. A weak correlation between the two speakers' rhythm in each conversation was also found in %V and ${\Delta}V$. No significant effects were found in nPVI-V. The results revealed that the speakers tended to accommodate the rhythm of their utterance to that of the interlocutors'. Further study on the speaking rate of the speakers is required to overcome some inconsistencies found in the results of the rhythmic metrics used in this study.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2022

이 논문은 리듬 및 유창성 지수와 한국 대학생이 읽은 영어 발화의 리듬 및 유창성 청취 평가가 어떤 관련성을 가지는지 분석한 연구이다. 이를 위해 대학생 17명이 'The North Wind and the Sun' 문단을 읽고 영어 발음 수업 사전, 사후 두 차례에 걸쳐 녹음한 것을, 대학원에 재학 중인 현직 영어 교사 및 예비 영어 교사 7명이 리듬 및 유창성에 대한 청취 평가를 진행하였다. 또, 선행 연구에서 언급된 리듬 및 유창성 지수 중 14개 지수를 사용해 각 발화 자료의 지수를 추출하여 지수와 청취 평가의 관련성을 분석하였다. 지수를 분석한 결과 %V, VarcoV, nPVIV에서는 선행 연구의 영어 원어민 지수와 거의 비슷한 양상을 보였고, ΔV, ΔC, VarcoC에서는 원어민보다 높았으며, 발화 속도는 원어민보다 느렸다. 한국 대학생들이 일부 리듬 지수에서는 영어 원어민과 비슷한 양상을 보인다고 할 수 있다. 리듬 및 유창성 지수를 사용하여 리듬 평가 점수와 유창성 평가 점수를 예측할 수 있는 최적의 모델을 탐색한 결과, 리듬 및 유창성 평가 모두에서 유창성 지수인 휴지 비율, 조음 속도, 발화 속도 등이 리듬 지수들보다 평가 점수를 예측하는데 더 큰 기여를 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2000년도 7월 학술대회지
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• pp.117-134
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• 2000

Kim, Key-Seop(2000). English Restructuring and A Use of Music in Teaching English Pronunciation. JSEP 2000 voU This study has two-fold aims: one is to clarify the restructuring of English in utterance, and the other is to relate it to teaching English pronunciation for listening and speaking with a use of music and song by suggesting a model of 10-15 minute pronunciation class syllabus for every period in class. Generally, English utterances are restructured by stress-timed rhythm, irrespective of syntactic boundaries. So the rhythmic units are arranged in isochronous groups, of which the making is to attach clitic(s) to a host or head often leftwards and sometimes rightwards, which results in linking, contraction, reduction, sound change and rhythm adjustment in utterance, just as in music and song. With English restructuring focused on, a model of English pronunciation class syllabus is proposed to be put forward in class for every period of a lesson or unit. It tries to relate the focused factor(s) in pronunciation to the integrated, with teaching techniques and music made use of.

• 음성과학
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• 제2권
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• pp.95-108
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• 1997

The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate prosodic characteristics of English as spoken by Koreans. Test materials were four English words, a sentence, and a paragraph. Six female Korean speakers and five native English speakers participated in acoustic and perceptual experiments. Pitch and duration of word syllables were measured from signals and spectrograms made by the Signalize 3.04 software program for Power Mac 7200. In the perceptual experiment, accent position, intonation patterns, rhythm patterns and phrasing were evaluated by the five native English speakers. Preliminary results from this limited study show that prosodic characteristics of Koreans include (1) pitch on the first part of a word and sentence is lower than that of English speakers, but the pitch on the last part is the opposite; (2) word prosody is quite similar to that of an English speaker, but sentence prosody is quite different; (3) the weakest point of sentence prosody spoken by Koreans is in the rhythmic pattern.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 1996년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.237-244
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• 1996

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2013

This study investigated the rhythmic accommodation of Korean English learners' interlanguage talk. Twelve Korean speakers, 6 native English speakers and 6 non-native English speakers in London participated in multiple conversations on different topics which produced 36 conversational data in interlanguage talk (ILT) settings. 190 utterances from the 36 conversational data were analyzed to investigate the rhythmic patterns of Korean English learners when they communicated with English speakers with different language backgrounds. Save for the final-syllable, the normalized duration of consecutive syllables was compared in order to derive a variability index (VI). It was found that there was no significant variability in the measurement of the syllable-to-syllable duration for the utterances of Korean English learners, regardless of their interlocutor's language background. Conversely, it was found that there was evidence that Korean English learners showed rhythmic accommodation in ILT when they conversed with non-native English speakers. The speaking rate became significantly slower when Korean English learners talked to non-native English speakers, than when they talked to other Korean English learners. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between speaking rate and the VI in the utterances of Korean English learners in ILT.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.213-216
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to observe how Korean learners with low (KL) and high (KH) English proficiency manifest English rhythm with respect to the relative temporal stability or temporal constraint of syllable. In this study, speech cycling task, repeating a short phrase with the series of beeps of same interval, was used to examine temporal distribution of stressed beats.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 한국인 영어 학습자가 영어문장을 읽을 때 어떠한 초분절 요소가 영어 원어민 화자에 가깝게 구현되는데 영향을 미치는지를 밝혀 영어 발음교육에 도움이 되고자 하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 연구대상자를 중학생 영어학습자로 선택하고, 다양한 유형의 문장(평서문, 의문문, 명령문, 감탄문)과 음절수로 연구 자료를 구성하였다. 이들 영어 문장 발화의 분석대상으로는 초분절 요소 중 발화속도, 휴지빈도, 휴지길이, F0 범위, 리듬을 이용하였고 음성분석 결과는 평균분석, 상관분석 및 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 발화속도, 휴지빈도, 휴지길이, F0 범위가 유창성 등급 평가에 영향을 미친다는 결과를 얻었다. 모든 초분절 요소와 유창성 등급 간의 회귀분석에서는 유창성 등급에 영향을 미치는 초분절 요소는 발화속도와 F0 범위이다. 리듬은 유창성 등급과의 관계에서 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 따라서, 영어 발음교육을 할 때 발화속도를 높이고, F0 범위를 크게 하도록 교육하는 것이 필요하다. 또한, 발화시 휴지개수와 휴지시간을 줄이도록 하는 교육이 유창성을 높이는데 도움이 된다. 문장유형을 분류하여 분석한 결과, 감탄문의 경우 다른 문장유형에 비해 발화속도가 더 빠르고, 휴지빈도는 더 적고, 휴지길이는 더 짧으며, 리듬값은 더 높았다.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2000년도 7월 학술대회지
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• pp.47-58
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• 2000

For the learners of English as a foreign language, oral repetition of model sentences is an e essential practice to improve their listening and speaking abilities of English. Skill training of both speech perception and production is involved in this practice. This paper reports on an observation of production e$\pi$ors in such practice made by Japanese college students in my class. The teaching material used is intended for acquainting the learners with basic English rhythm and intonation p patterns. The students were required to repeat each sentence in a series of conversations after a model reading. Although the vocabulary and expressions were rather limited, I monitored different kinds of errors in their repetition. Putting aside intonation, their difficulties are classified into five types; 1. Omission of words or morphemes, 2. Addition of unnecessary words or morphemes, 3. Replacement of words, 4. Japanization of English sounds, 5. Wrong rhythm caused by improper stress assignment. Accurate listening, especially to weakly stressed syllables and to assimilated sounds, as has often been pointed out, is the most difficult part in perception for them. Japanese sound system interferes in production of English sounds. More often than not their knowledge of grammar or the context does not work at all to guess the words they are hearing

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제35_36호
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• pp.77-100
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• 1998

This research, based on the support for the existence of 'Clitic Group', proves the 'Clitic Cadence' as the solid evidence to the point that music underlies poetic rhythm in the words or poetic lines which, in turn, underly speech rhythm. Through the relation of stress-beat and clitic cadence to musical schema, such as measure, motive and period, the study clarifes the figurations of cliticization, sometimes procliticized and sometimes encliticized, even if the former appears more often than the latter. Above all, this research puts emphasis on the separate position of clitics not criticized but positioned in strong positions in music, Finally, it suggests some use of clitics to teachers and learners of English for stress-beating for rhythmization of English.