• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.27-39
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• 2009

Compulsive consumption is regarded as a global phenomenon that can adversely affect consumer well-being. Although the topic has been studied in different cultural settings, we have seen relatively little theory development and explanations of compulsive behavior Nearly all previous empirical studies attempt to explain this behavior by correlating measures of compulsive behavior with independent variables taken within the same time frame. However, recent developments in social sciences suggest that such a phenomenon may best understood in the context of the person's earlier-in-life experiences. Using the life course paradigm as an overarching framework, the present research extends previous work on this topic. Following hypotheses were drawn from literature review: H1: The earlier in childhood and adolescence a person experiences family dislocation, the greater his or her likelihood of exhibiting compulsive behaviors in adulthood. H2: The earlier in life the young person experienced family dislocation, the greater the number of family disruption events the young person experienced prior entering adulthood years. H3: Family dislocation leads to (a) increased frequency of socio.oriented family communications and (b) decreased frequency of concept-oriented family communication. H4: Young adults who were raised in families characterized by a strong socio-oriented communication structure are more likely to exhibit compulsive consumption tendencies than those who were raised in families characterized by a weak socio-oriented family communication structure. H5: Young adults who were raised in families characterized by a strong concept-oriented communication structure are less likely to exhibit compulsive consumption tendencies than those who were raised in families characterized by a week concept-oriented family communication structure. H6: The relationship between family disruption events experienced during adolescence and perceived stressfulness of these events is moderated by (a) global family support, (b) emotional family support, and (c) material family support. Those reporting higher levels of family support as teenagers are less likely to report experiencing stress due to family disruption events. H7: Perceived stressfulness of family disruption events experienced during adolescent years are associated with compulsive consumption tendencies in early adulthood. H8: The greater the number of family disruption events young adults experienced during their adolescent years the more frequent was their communication about consumption with their peers. H9: The more frequent was the young persons' communication with their peers about consumption during their adolescent years, the more likely they are to report compulsive buying tendencies as young adults. We use a sample of 120 Thai undergraduate students attending classes taught in English as part of a four-year international program. Product-moment correlations, hierarchical regression analysis and partial correlation were used to analyze data. Results of testing hypotheses showed that hypothesis 2, 4, 7 and 9 were supported and hypothesis 1, 3, 5, 6 and 8 were not supported. Our study did not find a significant relationship between the age when a person experienced family dislocation and their compulsive behavior tendencies expressed as young adults. We did not find a significant relationship between family dislocation and family communication structures. But we found a significant positive relationship between socio-oriented communication structure and compulsive buying and a significant relationship between our peer communication and compulsive buying measures. Also we found perceived stressfulness due to the disruptive events to have a significant positive relationship between the perceived stressfulness and compulsive buying. Implications from these findings, limitations of this research and future research suggestions were discussed.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

Subject : Kim hong-kyung(金洪卿)'s view of eight extra meridians Object : Kim hong-kyung has not only deeply studied Saam acupuncture but also the function and characteristics of extra meridian at the same time. Especially, he has tried the study to connect yin yang wei qiao mai(陰陽維蹻脈) with Lee je-ma(李濟馬)'s four trigram constitution theory, therefore the author felt the need to make public the theory and started reserch on the theory. Method : I researched the physiological properties of extra meridians through the past eastern medical literature, I reported on the types of people to show well the properties of extra meridians gathering Kum-oh's verbal explanation when I had classes from him. Result : Kum-oh Kim hong-kyung defined meridians as passways of consciousness and feeling, he interpreted 12 meridians and extra meridians with the view of mind, which has very important meanings in the history of acupuncture in the point of first trial to interpret meridians from this view. He explained Ren mai(任脈) and Du mai(督脈) are meridians which show clearly properties of yin-yang to appear trusts of affirmation and distrusts of denial in the mind, as Ren(任) means entrusting and Du(督) means supervising in English. He explained Chong mai(衝脈) is the meridian representing impulsive man that has a meaning of impulse as being suggested the name of Chong mai, because Chong mai is borrowed from Foot shao yin kidney meridian(足少陰腎經). Dai mai(帶脈) is the meridian representing the characteristics of woman that has a meaning of binding as being suggested from the name of Dai mai which acts when people have something on their flank or they are pregnant, because Dai mai borrowed from Foot shao yang gall bladder meridian. He thought that four trigram divided from yin and yang is innate trigram, so Yang wei mai(陽維脈), Yin wei mai(陰維脈), Yang qiao mai(陽蹻脈), Yin qiao mai(陰蹻脈) among extra meridians have connections with Tai-yang ren(太陽人), Tai-yin ren(太陰人), Shao-yin ren(少陰人), Shao-yang ren(少陽人) of Four trigram constitution theory respectively which was created by Lee je-ma. He explained yang means opponents and wei(維) means binding. Yang wei mai is the meridian to be active when opponents bind or intervene in you, also the meridian is well active to the people who easily criticize others who are rude, to the people who well refuse restraints from organization. Because he explained yin means me and wei(維) means binding. Yin wei mai is the meridian to be active when I bind and intervene in opponents. He also state that the meridian is easily active to the people who have a tendency to gather people and make party apparatus by nature. He explained Yang qiao mai is the meridian to be active in the situation that people are waiting for others to bridge gap because yang means opponents and qiao(蹻) which has a meaning of standing on one's tiptoes means bridging gap between people. He also state the meridian is easily active to Shao yin ren who has a tendency to be passive, to easily settle down and not to move by nature. He explained Yin qiao mai is the meridian to be active in the situation that I bridge gap between me and others to make friends, because yin means me and qiao(蹻) which has a meaning of standing on one's tiptoes means bridging gap between me and others. He also state the meridian is easily active to Shao yang ren who is active in every business and who has remarkable ability to make friends. Conclusion : Kim hong-kyung stated the physiological properties of extra meridians as below. Ren mai is the meridian representing positive confidence which is easily active when people have a mind to trust others, Du mai is the meridian representing negative distrust which is easily active when people have doubts. Chong mai is the meridian representing the characteristics of man that has impulsive characteristics. Dai mai is the meridian representing the characteristics of woman to be easily active when she is pregnant. Yang wei mai has close connections with Tai-yang ren who has a tendency to refuse restraints from others and to criticize on opponent's remarks and behaviors that are wrong. Yin wei mai has close connections with Tai-yin ren, as the meridian is active in the situation that people enjoy restraining and intervening in others. Yang qiao mai has close connections with Shao yin ren, as the meridian is active to the people who are negative and passive by nature. Yin qiao mai has close connections with Shao yang yin who has a strong tendency to make friends easily by nature.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2019

연구목적 질병침습도 평가 척도(Illness Intrusiveness Rating Scale)란, 만성 질환을 앓는 환자에서 질병이나 치료가 삶의 질에 얼마나 영향을 미치는지 평가하기 위한 타당도가 입증된 자가보고식 검사이다. 여러 연구를 통하여 만성 질환자에서 요인 모델의 적합도가 보고되었으나, 정신 질환자를 대상으로는 그 요인 타당도가 확인되지 않았다. 본 연구는 불안 및 우울장애가 주요 진단인 정신건강의학과 외래환자 군을 대상으로 한국판 질병침습도 평가 척도(Illness Intrusiveness Rating Scale-Korean version, IIRS-K)의 요인 구조를 확인하고, 요인 타당도를 조사하기 위하여 진행되었다. 방 법 2010년부터 2013년까지 3년간 한양대학교 구리병원 정신건강의학과 외래 초진 환자를 연속적 수집하여 총 307명의 자료를 분석하였다. IIRS-K, Zung 자가평가 우울척도, Zung 자가평가 불안척도를 이용하였다. Cronbach's α계수를 통해 신뢰도를 분석하였고, Varimax 직각회전을 이용한 탐색적 주성분 분석과 최대우도법 중 보수적인 방법을 추정자(standard maximum likelihood estimator)로 확인적 요인분석을 시행하였다. IIRS-K의 하위 요인과 우울, 불안 증상간의 타당도는 Spearman 상관 분석으로 조사하였다. 결 과 IIRS-K의 내적 일치도는 0.9로 높은 신뢰도를 보였다. 13개 문항에서 3개 요인이 추출되었고, 총 분산의 63.2%를 설명하여, 58.3%를 설명한 원본 영문판과 유사한 요인 구조를 보였다. 3요인 분석이 가장 모델에 적합한 것을 확인적 요인분석으로 확인하였으며, 우울 및 불안 증상과도 정적인 상관관계를 보여 수렴 타당도를 입증하였다. 결 론 IIRS-K의 3요인구조는 조용한 취미 활동, 개인 발전 등 일부 문항 구성에서 원본과 차이를 보였고, 가족 관계나 배우자와의 관계, 경제 문제가 한 요인에 추출되는 것이 특징적이었다. 이는 문화적 특징을 반영한 결과라고 볼 수 있다. 이 연구는 정신건강의학과 임상군을 대상으로 IIRS-K의 요인 타당도를 입증한 첫 연구이며, 이를 통해 국내 정신건강의학과 환자의 삶의 질에 사용될 유용한 도구를 제공했다는 의의가 있다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.81-96
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• 2013

웹의 발전과 콘텐츠 산업의 팽창으로 비디오 데이터가 폭발적으로 증가함에 따라 데이터의 정보 검색은 매우 중요한 문제가 되었다. 그동안 비디오 데이터의 정보 검색과 브라우징을 위해 비디오의 프레임(frame)이나 숏(shot)으로부터 색채(color)와 질감(texture), 모양(shape)과 같은 시각적 특징(features)들을 추출하여 비디오의 내용을 표현하고 유사도를 측정하는 내용 기반(content-based)방식의 비디오 분석이 주를 이루었다. 영화는 하위 레벨의 시청각적 정보와 상위 레벨의 스토리 정보를 포함하고 있다. 저차원의 시각적 특징을 통해 내용을 표현하는 내용 기반 분석을 영화에 적용할 경우 내용 기반 분석과 인간이 인지하는 영화의 내용 사이에는 의미적 격차(semantic gap)가 발생한다. 왜냐하면 영화의 스토리는 시간의 진행에 따라 그 내용이 변하고, 관점에 따라 주관적 해석이 가능한 고차원의 의미정보이기 때문이다. 따라서 스토리 차원의 정보 검색을 위해서는 스토리를 모델링하는 정형화된 모형이 필요하다. 최근 들어 소셜 네트워크 개념을 활용한 스토리 기반의 비디오 분석 방법들이 등장하고 있다. 그러나 영화 속 등장인물들의 소셜 네트워크를 통해 스토리를 표현하는 이 방법들은 몇 가지 문제점들을 드러내고 있다. 첫째, 등장인물들의 관계에만 초점이 맞추어져 있으며, 스토리 진행에 따른 등장인물들의 관계 변화를 역동적으로 표현하지 못한다. 둘째, 등장인물의 정체성과 심리상태를 보여주는 감정(emotion)과 같은 심층적 정보를 간과하고 있다. 셋째, 등장인물 이외에 스토리를 구성하는 사건과 배경에 대한 정보들을 반영하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 기존의 스토리 기반의 비디오 분석 방법들의 한계를 살펴보고, 문제 해결을 위해 문학 이론에서 제시하고 있는 서사 구조에 근거하여 스토리 모델링에 필요한 요소들을 인물, 배경, 사건의 세 가지 측면에서 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2005

Arriving in the '90s, the worldwide trend of longing for naturalism and popularity of complementary and alternative medicine in America has caused traditional Oriental Medicine and medicinal plants markets to develop rapidly. And China has been pursuing the globalization policy of Chinese medicine by the initiation of the society of traditional Chinese medicine. Under this situation, it is a time for us to think about in a serious manner whether existing organization and system of Oriental medicine and the department of Oriental medicine at the schools in Korea reflects reality or whether we should turn it to some different direction. The purpose of this research is to compare the educational systems in relation to the traditional medicine between Korea and China, and to seek and look into its implication, and also to make a contribution to further developments and changes of direction for Oriental medicine education in Korea. 1. I investigated carefully the educational system of the colleges of traditional Chinese medicine, and results from this survey revealed that the academic institutions for the medicinal training in China consists of varied systems, such as 7-year program for medicinal training linking with master degree course, 6-year program, 5-year program (more than 90%), 4-year program, and so on, so then China has been raising the specialists in their traditional medicine arena through those varied academic programs. Such an educational system as the department of Chinese medicine in order to educate and produce specialists or pharmacists specializing in traditional Chinese medicine is operated only by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine in terms of 7-year academic program for medicinal major that linked with master degree course, and the rest of schools run 5-year program or 4-year program (more than 90%). And other human resources required for cultivation of medicinal plants and manufacturing herbal medicines are mostly trained at 3-year course colleges or 2-year course vocational schools. 2. In connection with traditional Chinese medicine, there are a variety of departments in the schools in China other than Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology: i.e. Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Preclinical Medicine, Pharmaceuticals, Materials of Medicine, Phrenology and Law, Languages and Literature, etc. Therefore, these programs constitute multi academic system and also an appropriate educational base that fits in varied needs of market. Particularly, the university having 7-year program emphasize, English proficiency so that it can be considered that this academic program is a specialized course in order to achieve globalization of Chinese medicine. 3. In Korea, there are only 11 Oriental medicine schools with 6-year program which have been established by the private foundations and 3 departments of Oriental medicine at 4-year university. Therefore, we need to establish varied departments related to branches of our traditional medicine like China. 4. It is necessary to establish varied new departments related to Oriental Medicine that will be able to take a professional role in the course of pursuing the strategic goals such as scientification, globalization, standardization of Oriental Medicine, also that will meet needs of the world alternative and complementary medicine and herbal medicine markets. In order to achieve such strategic goals, we need to organize an academic system that will be different from existing systems and programs, also we are required to research further on the educational and training programs.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.62-99
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• 1994

1990년 3월부터 1992년 2월까지 한국산(韓國塵) 목재부후균류(木材腐朽菌類)의 분포상(分布相)에 대한 본 연구(硏究)를 통하여 우리나라의 국립공원지대(國立公園地帶)와 일부지역(一部地域)과 일부도서(一部島嶼)를 중심으로 목재부후균류(木材腐朽菌類)를 탐색하여 담자균류(擔子菌類)의 민주름 버섯목(目) 균류(菌類)들을 채집 동정(同定)하고 기존의 해당 목재부후균류(木材腐朽菌類)와 함께 분류한 결과 도합 217 종(種)과 1 변종(變種)으로 조사 집계되었으며 그 중 10 속(屬) 36 종(種)이 국내(國內) 미기록(未記錄)으로 밝혀졌다. 이들 미기록종(未記錄種)은 큰원반고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Aleurodiscus cerussatus), 작은털고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Botryobasidium obtusisporum), 큰밀고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Ceraceomyces cystidiatus), 큰변색고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Erythricium hypnophilum), 틈돌기고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Grandinia crustosa), 혀돌기고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Grandinia spathulata), 흰목재고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Hyphoderma praetermissum), 분홍목재고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Hyphoderma roseocremeum), 후막고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Hypochnicium bombycinum), 거친후막고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Hypochnicium detriticum), 평탄후막고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Hypochnicium lundellii), 장미고약버섯 (신칭(新稱), Laeticorticium roseum), 송곳버섯(신칭(新稱), Mycoacia fuscoatra), 오렌지껍질고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Peniophora incarnata), 옅은유색고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Phanerochaete avellanea), 끈유색고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Phanerochaete filamentosa), 노란유색고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Phanerochaete martelliana), 작은아교고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Phlebia lilascens), 황금미세고약버섯(신칭(新稱), Trechispora vaga), 자색꽃구름버섯(신칭(新稱), Chondrostereum purpureum), 작은돌기꽃구름버섯 (신칭(新稱), Cystostereum subabruptum), 털융단버섯(신칭(新稱), Tomentella pilosa), 노란소나무무늬버섯(신칭(新稱), Asterostroma laxum), 붉은소나무비늘버섯(신칭(新稱), Hymenochaete cruenta), 가루소나무비늘버섯(신칭(新稱), Hymenochaete fuliginosa), 소나무비늘버섯(신칭(新稱), Hymenochaete tabacina), 갈색시루삔버섯(신칭(新稱), Inonotus radiatus), 벚나무진흙버섯(신칭(新稱), Phellinus pomaceus), 회주름구멍버섯(신칭(新稱), Antrodia crassa), 층주름구멍버섯(신칭(新稱), Antrodia serialis), 흰그물구멍버섯(신칭(新稱), Ceriporia reticulata), 겹친손등버섯(신칭(新稱), Oligoporus balsameus), 점박이손등버섯(신칭(新稱), Oligoporus guttulatus), 무른흰살버섯(신칭(新稱), Oxyporus cuneatus), 각목버섯(신칭(新稱), Rigidoporus microporus), 및 주름옷솔버섯(신칭(新稱), Trichaptum laricinum)으로서 우리말 이름과 영문 기재(記載)와 함께 우리나라의 균류목록(菌類目錄)에 새로이 추가되었다.

• 기록학연구
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• 제3호
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• pp.91-113
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• 2001

History always be re-interpreted as the time flows. 'The Sillok', Which was registered in Memory of World of UNESCO in 1997, is comprehensive documents of the Chosun Dynasty, which had been compiled after kings' death, The Sillok encompasses 473 years of the reign in their 848 volumes(1,893 chapters). It was a history itself and has been main source in studying Korean history. Due to the rise of studies on the Sillok, time has come to explore the nature of the Sillok and to criticize the text, which would be called 'The Sillok-Study'. In this context, this paper examined three concepts that categorize the nature of the Sillok as historical materials ;Is it book or record?; The Sillok in register system in pre-modern society; And the Sillok as the National Archives. Korean historians, including myself, haven't yet examined the question whether the Sillok is the Book or Record in terms of archival science. At first, I regarded it as history book, and with this presupposition, wrote several papers on the characteristics of the Sillok. However, I recognized that the Sillok are close to record rather that history book as I examined the definition of glossary of librarian study, OED (Oxford English Dictionary) and Encyclopedia of Britannica, etc. Definitely, the Sillok was neither compiled and published to be read and sold publicly, nor meant to the works of literature or scholarship. one may say that the court-historians wrote comments on the facts and therefore it was just scholarly work. However, because the court-historians produced their comments on their own businesses, the outcome of 'their scholarly works' were also records conceptually, as were daily court-journalists in Rome. Its publication also had a absolutely different meaning from that of modern society. It was a method to preserve the important national records and distributed each edition of them to plural repositories for its safety and security. How can we explain its book-like shape and the procedure of compilation after a kings' death. The answer is as follows ; In pre-modern society, it was a common record-keeping system in the world to register records materials in order to arrange the materials of different sizes and to store them conveniently. And the lack of scientific preservation or conservation skill also encouraged them to register original records. Actually, the court-historians who participated in the compiling process called themselves "registering officers". On the other hand, similar to social hierarchy, there was a hierarchical system of records, and the Sillok was placed at the top of this hierarchy. In conclusion, the Sillok was a kind of registered records in the middle ages and the supreme records in the records-world. In addition to this we can also conceptualize the Sillok as archives. Through the compiling process, the most important and valuable records were selected to be the parts of Sillok. This process corresponds to the modem records appraisal. In the next step, it was preserved in the Four Archives(史庫) which located at remote site as archives and only accessible by the descendents in the future, who might be the people of the next dynasty. And nobody could access or read the documents at that time except the authorized court-historians who were archivists of the Chosun Dynasty. From this perspective, I conclude that Sillok was the supreme confidential archives in the register system. I work for the Government Archives as a historian and archivist. Whenever I entered the exhibition hall of the Government Archives and Records Service(GARS) and saw the replica of the Archives of Taebeak Mountain built during Chosun period, I always asked to myself a question whether the Sillok can be a symbol of the archival tradition of Korea and the GARS. Now, I can say, 'Yes!' definitely.