• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2021

This paper proposes a method for designing a large recording script for open domain English speech synthesis. For read-aloud style text, 12 domains and 294 sub-domains were designed using text contained in five different news media publications. For conversational style text, 4 domains and 36 sub-domains were designed using movie subtitles. The final script consists of 43,013 sentences, 27,085 read-aloud style sentences, and 15,928 conversational style sentences, consisting of 549,683 tokens and 38,356 types. The completed script is analyzed using four criteria: word coverage (type coverage and token coverage), high-frequency vocabulary coverage, phonetic coverage (diphone coverage and triphone coverage), and readability. The type coverage of our script reaches 36.86% despite its low token coverage of 2.97%. The high-frequency vocabulary coverage of the script is 73.82%, and the diphone coverage and triphone coverage of the whole script is 86.70% and 38.92%, respectively. The average readability of whole sentences is 9.03. The results of analysis show that the proposed method is effective in producing a large recording script for English speech synthesis, demonstrating good coverage in terms of unique words, high-frequency vocabulary, phonetic units, and readability.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1995

Nowadays in Korea the subject of English education has been rising as one of the essential matters which need to be emphasized, reorganized, and thus refined. From the history of about one century to the current, English education may be compared to an adolescent who should be paid much more attention to grow as an independent adult. Although we recognize that there was much improvement in the past age of English education, a lot of assignments to solve await us. This study aims to suggest a recipe for optimal learning in English classes by linking theory with practice: First, the nation-wide academic associations of English teaching should act more energetically and cooperatively than ever. They need further specialization, dynamic participation, and systematic organization. At the same time the academic journals of their own should be publicized broadly, internationally as well as nationally. Second, there should be close contact and discussion between professors and secondary-school teachers. To achieve better learning in English classes, an effective cycle of equilibrium ought to be maintained by combining theory with practice. For example, language institute in universities/colleges can serve instructional programs such as lectures, colloquiums, and intensive courses for conversation. Third, native speakers of English should be positively utilized. Teachers had better keep close contact with native speakers as frequently as possible if they want to become fluent or at least acceptable speakers in English. Teachers may also use native speakers as aides in their classes.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.109-126
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• 2007

English article has been considered as one of the most difficult areas to learn among ESL/EFL students. The current paper reviews English learners' article error patterns as well as pedagogy in order to teach English articles and to minimize learning difficulties on English articles. Different pedagogy for English articles on the basis of learners' proficiency levels are suggested as each proficiency level student shows a different error tendency; beginning level language learners used the zero article with the most facility while intermediate level language learners used the definite article the most accurately. However, studies about high advanced level learners' error patterns present that these high accuracy rates among beginning level students might be a result of students' plain guessing. Considering these error patterns, pedagogy for advanced level is also suggested.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2018

이 연구의 목적은 일반 대학생 영어 학습자는 물론 영어교육 전공 대학생들을 위한 영어교육에서 영문학 작품의 활용 방안을 탐색하는 것이다. 영문학 작품은 제2언어는 물론 외국어로서의 영어교육에도 몇 가지 이유에서 매우 유용한 자료이다. 이러한 효용성은 주로 문학 텍스트의 진정성, 문화적, 언어적 가치, 그리고 개인적 감동 등에서 기인한다. 이러한 목적을 위하여 이 논문에서는 영어 교육에서 문학 작품을 활용하는데 있어서 중요한 몇 가지 고려사항들을 살펴 볼 것이다. 이러한 고려사항은 외국어 교실에서 활용할 적절한 문학 텍스트의 선정과 관련된 고려사항들, 문학과 언어 기능의 교수 학습 방법들로서 영어교육에서의 읽기, 쓰기, 듣기 말하기 교육론에 관한 고려사항들을 포함한다. 이러한 고려 사항들은 영어교육에 영문학을 전문적으로 접목하는 이른바 영문학 교육론의 기초가 될 것이다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2022

The current study was designed to explore whether taking English pronunciation classes could improve the realization of English rhythm by Korean learners of English. Specifically, this study used various rhythm metrics to examine the extent to which the learners' speech became rhythmically similar to the target language after taking classes that focused on English pronunciation. Sixteen learners who took a 15-week English pronunciation course at a university read an English passage twice (at the beginning and the end of the semester). The rhythm metrics such as Deltas, Varcos, and Pairwise Variability Indices were calculated for the learners' speech, as well as that of 8 native speakers of English. The results demonstrated that the learners' speech was slower, and they put more frequent within-sentence pauses than the native speakers even after the classes. The analyses also indicated that the speech recorded at the beginning of the semester was rhythmically much more different from the target language than at the end of the semester. After the classes, however, the learners' consonantal intervals became much more target-like, while the vocalic intervals were rhythmically even further from those in the target language. Overall, the findings suggested that the pronunciation classes helped the learners to produce English speech that was rhythmically similar to the native speakers.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.77-102
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• 2002

Factors affecting foreign language learning task are diverse in nature due to the different social and cultural backgrounds so that learners have to somehow use strategies and expressions to adjust diverse factors to their learning environments. The main purpose of this paper is to show how important NNS vs. NNs interaction through CCDL can be in their enhancement of English proficiency by giving examples from their chatting conversation(written conversation) data collected for over two semesters. Chatting as a means of synchronous communication interaction between students from two different cultural backgrounds can act as a predictor of foreign language achievement. Chatting and Telemeet activities have their own advantages in enhancing communicative competence when learning English. By engaging in these synchronous communication activities learners of English from different cultural backgrounds can acquire unique strategies and expressions from which they learn from each other. In short, this study advocates the importance of strategies and patterns foreign language learners can acquire from interaction among culturally different peer groups.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.245-259
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate English teachers' perceptions about doing their own action research to find out the benefits of involvement in action research. I believe that teachers should engage in curriculum research and development because it relates to their own classrooms and because a primary aim for teacher education program is to give teachers ways of exploring their own classrooms. I focused on 17 graduate students who had undertaken action research during the fall semester of 2007 and administered a questionnaire about their perceptions of doing action research. The results revealed that their perceptions of doing action research fell into the following two categories, positive and negative aspects. For positive aspects, they experienced a sense of personal and professional growth and they underwent identity transformation from passive, etic-oriented, and uncritical to active, emic-oriented, and critical teachers. However, many of them expressed that major obstacles to doing action research were time constraints and lack of skills or training in conducting action research. Thus, it is suggested that both pre- and in-service teachers should consider conducting a language teaching diary study, doing collaborative action research, and acquiring all the necessary skills for conducting action research.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.115-137
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• 2011

The tourism industry has attained remarkable growth, and the need for professional Tourism English education has increased. Universities of online education can offer an environment for education to both job applicants and laymen who are interested in Tourism English. Tourism English belongs to English for Specific Purposes, which reflects the needs of specific area. The aim of this study is to propose improvements in classes design for online Tourism English instruction. The results of a needs analysis conducted on 160 Korean online university students suggest that online Tourism English class should be different from a traditional classroom-based one in regards to aims, contents, and methods. Online Tourism English class should not only focus on English for specific purposes, but also include more generalized topics. This comes as a result of the diverse backgrounds of online students. The results suggest that extralinguistic elements, such as culture and etiquette differences among English-speaking countries, become more interesting when introduced using pictures, videos, animations, etc. Additionally, SMS or emails can be utilized to raise students' motivation for online Tourism English class.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.496-504
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• 2012

본 논문의 목적은 한국 초등학교 영어 교육에서 문화 요소의 효율적 지도방법을 안내하고자 한다. 논문의 목적을 위해서 초등영어 문화교육에 관한 많은 연구들을 분석하였다. 국제화 시대에 의사소통을 위한 영어교육은 다양한 타 문화에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 이루어져야 한다. 그러나 한국 초등학교 학생들은 영어권 나라의 문화에 노출되거나 접근하는데 어려움이 있다. 초등영어 문화교육이 잘 이루어지지 못하는 데는 다음과 같은 이유가 있다. 첫째, 영어교사들이 목표 문화에 대한 자신감이 없고 자신들 스스로 문화교육을 위한 충분한 경험과 지식이 없다고 간주한다. 영어교사들 역시 문화요소에 대해 배우지 못했고 문화요소가 강조되지 않았었다. 둘째, 교과서와 교사용 지도서에 문화 관련된 적절한 교수내용이 없다. 그러므로 필수적인 문화 요소는 영어교육 전문가들에 의해서 채택되고 교과서와 교사용 지도서에 수록되어야 한다. 교과서와 교사용 지도서는 체계적으로 연관성을 가져야 한다. 초등 영어 교사들은 다양한 문화를 경험하고 이해할 수 있는 기회를 늘려야 할 것으로 본다. 언어는 문화의 일부이고 문화는 언어의 일부이다. 제 2언어 습득은 제 2문화 습득이기도 하다. 초등 영어 교과서에서 문화요소를 심도 있게 다루고 문화에 대한 이해와 경험을 갖춘 교사가 양성 되었을 때 진정한 의사소통을 위한 영어교육이 이루어 질 수 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.589-596
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• 2015

본 연구는 (1) 2018 평창 동계 올림픽 영어 교육 준비 실태를 파악하고 (2) 영어 교육 활성화를 위한 영어 교육 프로그램에 대한 요구를 파악하여, 국제 스포츠행사를 위한 효과적인 영어교육 방안을 모색하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위하여 국제스포츠 행사 교육 관리 관계자와 전화 인터뷰를 하거나 자료를 제공받았고 그 결과, 조직위에서는 2018 평창동계올림픽대회 관계자 영어 교육 프로그램을 진행 중이며, 강릉시에서는 글로벌리더나 통역봉사단 등을 대상으로 하는 교육과 일반 시민을 대상으로 하는 교육으로 나누어 언어 교육을 진행하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 강릉시 글로벌리더 양성과정에 참여하고 있는 학습자들과 최근 국제 스포츠 행사에 자원봉사자로 참여한 26명을 대상으로 국제 스포츠 행사 영어 교육을 위한 설문을 한 결과, 국제 스포츠 행사와 관련된 내용을 가르치는 영어교육 수업이나 이에 가장 적합한 수업 방법에 대한 요구가 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다, 따라서 본 연구에서는 영어 잘하는 사람들을 최대한 잘 활용하기 위해 DB구축을 체계적으로 잘하고, 이들이 선발된 이후에는 단기간 동안 본인이 맡은 봉사 직무에 바로 활용할 수 있는 영어교육을 제공받을 수 있도록 해야 할 것이며, 이를 위해서는 이에 적합한 교수법과 교수 내용을 개발할 필요가 있다고 제언한다.