• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2005

The electrolytic reduction of spent oxide fuel involves the liberation of oxygen in a molten LiCl electrolyte, which results in a chemically aggressive environment that is very corrosive fir typical structural materials. So, it is essential to choose the optimum material f3r the process equipment handling molten salt. In this study, the corrosion behavior of Al-Y coated Haynes 263 in a molten salt of $LiCl-Li_2O$ under oxidation atmosphere was investigated at $650^{\circ}C$ for $72\~168$ hours. The corrosion rate of Al-Y coated Haynes 263 was low while that of bare Haynes 263 was high in a molten salt of $LiCl-Li_2O$. Al-Y coated Haynes 263 improved the corrosion resistance better than bare Haynes 263 alloy. An Al oxide layer acts as a protective film which Prohibits Penetration of oxygen. Corrosion Products were formed $Li(Ni,Co)O_2$ and $LiTiO_2$ on bare Haynes 263, but $LiAlO_2,\;Li_5Fe_5O_8\;and\;LiTiO_2$ on Al-Y coated Haynes 263.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2004

한국원자력 연구소에서 추진하고 있는 사용후핵연료 관리 이용 기술개발의 경제성과 환경친화성을 증진시키기 위해서 리튬회수 기술을 개발하고 관련 검증실험을 수행하였다. 본 기술은 1) 환원전극과 결합된 비전도성 다공성 마그네시아 용기를 이용한 용융염상에서의 산화리튬 전해, 2) 마그네시아 용기를 용융염 액위 이상으로 상승시켜, 용기 내에 회수된 리튬의 용융염으로부터의 분리, 3) 회수된 리튬의 진공 사이펀을 사용한 별도 저장조로의 이송이라는 3단계의 결합으로 특징지어 진다. 개발된 기술에 의하여 염화리튬-산화리튬 용융염으로부터 95% 이상의 수율로 리튬을 반연속적으로 회수할 수 있었다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2007

하구에서 오염물은 salt finger가 발생할 수 있는 적당한 조건하에서 혼합과 수송이 일어날수 있다(Hwang and Rehmann, 2004). 선형이론을 salt finger가 일어날수 있는 적절한 조건하에 유체의 운동을 예측하는데 적용하였다. 모의 결과는 기존의 실험 결과와 거의 비슷한 결과를 도출하였다. 밀도율이 2보다 클 때, Turner(1967)가 열과 소금을 이용한 실험에서 발견한 것처럼 혼합율(the flux ratio)은 $0.55{\sim}0.57$를 보이며, 소금과 설탕을 이용한 Griffiths(1980)의 실험에서와 같이 0.87의 혼합율을 도출하였다. 두개의 매개 물질의 분자확산계수가 증가함으로써 이송속도율도 밀도율과 함께 증가하였고, 높은 밀도율에서 이송속도율이 정상상태가 되는데 걸리는 시간이 증가하였다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004년도 학술논문집
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• pp.319-329
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• 2004

The electrorefining experiments with an anode composed of U, Y, Gd, Nd and Ce (or U, Gd, Dy and Ce) were carried out in the KC1-LiCl eutectic melt at $500^{\circ}C$, Uranium was the major component in the cathode deposits at the high initial uranium concentration, and the separation factors of the uranium with respect to the rare earths (REs) were calculated according to the applied voltage and the uranium concentration in the molten salt. The current efficiency was inversely in proportion to the applied voltage in the range of 1.0 V to 1, 9 V (vs. STS304L). The dependency of the applied voltage on the current efficiency as well as the deposition rate was discussed in terms of the microstructural feature and crystal structure of the deposit.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.1135-1144
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• 2024

With the increasing ratio of renewables in the grid, a low-carbon and stable base load source that also is capable of load tracking is in demand. Sodium cooled fast reactors (SFRs) coupled to thermal heat storage system (THS) is a strong candidate for the need. This research focuses on the designing and performance validation of a two-tank THS based on molten salt to integrate with a 280 MW_th sodium cooled fast reactor. Designing of the THS includes the vital component, sodium-to-salt heat exchanger which is a technology gap that needs to be filled, and designing and parameter selection of the tanks and related pumps. Modeling of the designed THS is conducted followed by the description of operation strategies and control logics of the THS. Finally, the dynamic simulation of the designed THS is conducted based on Fortran. Results show, the proposed power system meets the need of the design requirements to store heat for 18 h during a day and provide 500 MW_th for peak demand for the rest of the day.

• 태양에너지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1986

In this study, an experimental double diffusive thermohaline system heated from below was constructed and the phenomena of each layer developed in the system were observed. The experiment was performed with the initial salt concentration gradient of $-436.2kg/m^4$ and the net heat flux of approximately $176w/m^2$. An electroconductivity-temperature probe was made and used for the measurements of salt concentration. As the result of this study, it was found that the salt concentration decreased in the bottom mixed layer and increased in the top mixed layer during the experiment while the salt concentration gradient in the diffusive layer unchanged. It was also found that the interfacial boundary layers were due largely to variations in salt concentration rather than temperature.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

Analysis of chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence implicated treatment of 40 mM NaCl decreased maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm), actual quantum yield of PSII (${\Phi}_{PSII}$), and photochemical quenching (qP) in rice, but increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Decreases in Fv/Fm, ${\Phi}_{PSII}$, and qP were significantly alleviated by $30\;{\mu}M$ jasmonic acid (JA), while NPQ increase was enhanced. Transcription levels of antioxidant isoenzyme genes were differentially modulated by NaCl treatment. Expression of cCuZn-SOD2 gene increased, while those of cAPXb, CATb, and CATc genes decreased. JA prevented salt-induced decrease of pCuZn-SOD gene expression, but caused greater decrease in mRNA levels of cAPXa and Chl_tAPX genes. Investigation of vacuolar $Na^+/H^+$ exchanger (NHX2) and 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) gene expressions revealed transcription level of NHX2 gene was increased by JA, regardless of NaCl presence, while that of P5CS gene slightly increased only in co-presence of JA and NaCl. Unlike JA, ${\gamma}$-radiation rarely affected expressions of antioxidant isoenzyme, NHX2, and P5CS genes, except for increase in mRNA level of Chl_tAPX and decrease in that of pCuZn-SOD. These results demonstrate enhanced salt-tolerance in JA-treated rice seedlings may be partly due to high transcription levels of pCuZn-SOD, NHX2, and P5CS genes under salt stress.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2004

The electrolytic reduction of spent oxide fuel involves the liberation of oxygen in a molten LiCl electrolyte, which is a chemically aggressive environment that is very corrosive for typical structural materials. So, it is essential to choose the optimum material for the process equipment handling molten salt. In this study, corrosion behavior of Haynes 263, 75, and Inconel X-750, 718 in molten salt of $LiCl-Li_{2}O$ under oxidation atmosphere was investigated at $650^{\circ}C\;for\;72\sim360$ hours. At $3\;wt\%\;of\;Li_{2}O$, Haynes 263 alloy showed the highest corrosion resistance among the examined alloys, and up to $8\;wt\%\;of\;Li_{2}O$, Haynes 75 exhibited the highest corrosion resistance. Corrosion products were formed $Li(Ni,Co)O_2,\;LiNiO_2\;and\;LiTiO_2\;and\;Cr_{2}O_3$ on Haynes 263, $Cr_{2}O_3,\;NiFe_{2}O_4,\;LiNiO_2,\;Li_{2}NiFe_{2}O_4,\;Li_{2}Ni_{8}O_10$ and Ni on Haynes 75, $Cr_{2}O_3,\;(Al,Nb,Ti)O_2,\;NiFe_{2}O_4,\;and\;Li_{2}NiFe_{2}O_4$ on Inconel X-750 and $Cr_{2}O_3,\;NiFe_{2}O_4\;and\;CrNbO_4$ on Inconel 718, respectively. Haynes 263 showed local corrosion behavior and Haynes 75, Inconel X-750, 718 showed uniform corrosion behavior.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2021

In this study, the effect of water level and temperature on the power generation was investigated in a water tank with an aquavoltaic PV module to perform feasibility research for the development of salt farm aquavoltaic system. The silicon solar cell attached to the bottom of each water tank is a 1-cell mini module, and the underwater effects of the crystal phase (19.0~19.9% of single- & 17.9~19.9% of poly-crystalline) of the PV module were investigated, and power generation characteristics for water level (0~10 cm) and temperature (10~40℃) were analyzed. The deterioration coefficients according to the water level and temperature of each single- and poly-crystalline module were investigated at very similar levels such as, -2.01 %/cm and -2.02 %/cm, -0.50 %/℃ and -0.48 %/℃, respectively. Therefore, in salt farm aquavoltaic system, water levels need to maintain as low as possible, and heat-induced degradation is similar to those shown in general land, and no factors have been found to be affected by the underwater environment depending on the determination.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2013

금정광에 함유된 금, 은 및 유용금속을 효과적으로 용해시키기 위해서 비가시성 금정광을 소성 및 소금소성처리하였다. 이들 소성처리 생성물에 대하여 왕수분해 결과 금, 은 및 유용금속 함량은 비가시성 정광에서보다 소성정광에서, 그리고 소성정광에서 보다 소금소성정광에서 더 많이 용해되었다. 금과 은이 최대로 용해되는 입도는 $181{\sim}127{\mu}m$, $750^{\circ}C$의 소성온도, 그리고 20%의 소금첨가량에서였다. XRD 분석을 수행한 결과, 석영과 황철석은 $750^{\circ}C$의 소성처리, 그리고 왕수분해에도 불구하고 분해되지 않았다. 황철석은 소금소성처리에 의하여 완전하게 분해되었지만 석영은 파괴되지 않았다. 따라서 석영에 함유된 금은 소금소성처리나 왕수분해를 수행해도 용해되지 않을 것으로 예상된다.