• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1246-1247
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• 2008

With recent advanced in portable electric devices, wireless sensor, MEMS and bio-Mechanics device, the new typed power supply, not conventional battery but self-powered energy source is needed. Particularly, the system that harvests from their environments are interests for use in self powered devices. For very low powered devices, environmental energy may be enough to use power source. Therefore, in other to made piezoelectric energy harvesting device, PMN-PZT thick film was formed by the screen printing method on the Ag/Pd coated alumina substrate. The layer was 8 layers and slurry where a-terpineol, ethycellulose, ferro B-75001 as Vehicle, PMN-PZT powder used are fabricated by ball mill. The output power quality was be also investigated by changing the load resistance, weight and frequency. The made piezoelectric energy harvesting device was resulted from the conditions of 33$k{\Omega}$, 0.25g, 197Hz respectively. The thick film was prepared at the condition of 2.75Vrms, and its power was 230${\mu} W$ and its thickness was 56${mu}m$. The piezoelectric energy harvesting device output voltage was increased, when the load weight, load resistance was increasing and resonance frequency was diminishing. The other side, resonance frequency was diminished, when the weight was increasing. And output power was continuously it changed by load resistance, output voltage, weight and resonance frequency.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.550-553
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• 2009

도로 환경 모니터링을 위한 센서 노드의 전력원으로 유도풍을 이용한 압전에너지 하베스팅 기술은 기존 재생 에너지의 설치 및 작동 조건에 영향을 받지 않고, 도로상에 주오염원인 자동차에서 발생되는 폐에너지를 활용하는 친환경적 에너지 순환시스템을 구현하는 핵심 요소이다. 차량 유도풍에 의해 발생되는 풍압으로 도로 상의 구조물에 진동을 유발한다. 이 때 발생한 진동 에너지는 압전체를 통해 전기 에너지로 변환, 저장할 수 있다. 이렇게 저장된 에너지는 센서의 구동과 무선 데이터 송수신을 위한 센서 노드의 전력원으로 사용함으로써 별도의 전력원이 필요없게 된다. 본 연구에서는 60km/h로 주행하는 한 대의 차량에 의해 2.7m/s의 유도풍이 발생하여 0.6g로 도로 상의 구조물에 에너지를 전달하게 된다. 전달된 에너지가 압전체를 통해 15uJ 전기에너지로 저장된다.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.307-314
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• 2016

Energy harvesting technique is to utilize energy that is always present but wasted. In this study, we have developed the energy harvester of the hybrid method utilizing both vibration and pressure of the vehicle traveling a road or parking lot. In the previous study, we have developed a prototype energy harvester, improved hybrid energy harvester, and developed a final product that offers improved performance in the hybrid module. The results were published in the previous paper. In this study, we installed the finally developed hybrid module in the actual parking lot. And we measured the power generation performance due to pressure and vibration, and the running speed of the vehicle when the vehicle is traveling. And we compared the results with those obtained in laboratory conditions. In a previous study performed in laboratory conditions the maximum power of the energy block was 1.066W when one single time of vibration, and 1.830W when succession with 5 times. On the other hand, in this study, we obtained the average power output of 0.310W when the vehicle is running at an average 5 km/h, 0.670W when at an average 10 km/h, and 1.250W when at an average 20 km/h, and 2.160W when at an average 5 km/h. That is, the higher the running speed of the vehicle has increased power generation performance. However, when compared to laboratory conditions, the power generation performance of the energy block in driving speed by 20km/h was lower than those in laboratory conditions. In addition, when compared to one time of vibration of laboratory conditions, power generation performance was higher when the running speed 20km/h or more and when five consecutive times in laboratory conditions, it was higher when the running speed 30km/h or more. It could be caused by a difference of load conditions between the laboratory and the actual vehicle. Thus, applying the energy block on the road would be more effective than that on the parking lot.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.82-88
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• 2018

This study investigated the structure of an 8-pole 8-slot linear generator, which acts as an electromagnetic damper by combining the structure of an electromagnetic suspension device capable of generating electrical energy through energy harvesting by absorbing the vibration energy from the road surface while driving. To compare the energy harvesting effect of the electromagnetic suspension according to the actual road surface, a driving road test was simulated for two actual road conditions, an asphalt road surface and unpacked road surface condition, using a civilian combined vehicle model in conjunction with a vehicle simulation program, Carsim and Simulink. As a result, the relative displacements of the suspensions on the asphalt road surface and the unpaved road were 8 mm and 13 mm, respectively. By applying the suspension displacement value derived by modeling the linear generator coupled to the electromagnetic suspension, the simulation was then performed for an analysis time of 0.3s by applying the same analytical conditions using the commercial electromagnetic analysis program, ANSYS MAXWELL, The average power generation on the unpacked roads and asphalt roads was 198.6W and 98.7W respectively, which was 103.7% higher for unpackaged roads. Finally, to compare the sensitivity of the road surface frequency and the suspension input displacement to the power generation output, the sensitivity of the two variables was 1.725 and 1.283, respectively, and the road surface frequency had a 34.5% higher effect on the average power generation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.274-278
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• 2016

A road energy harvester was designed and fabricated to convert mechanical energy from the vehicle load to electrical energy. The road energy harvester is composed of 20 piezoelectric materials. This study attempted to evaluate output depending on pavement materials when paving road piezoelectric energy harvester in the road. Harvester is the bender type and is the method of supporting the both ends of piezoelectric material and applying the load in the middle part. Harvester was paved in the type paved with asphalt, type paved with cement and in the exposed type not covering the top of harvester. The output characteristics were compared and evaluated depending on changes in vehicle load and vehicle speed changes. As vehicles, truck (11.9 ton), SUV(1.6 ton) and sedan (1.5 ton) were used and the output characteristics when driving at the interval of 10 km/h from 10 km/h to 100 km/h were evaluated.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2017.07a
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• pp.210-211
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 자동차가 주행 시 노면에서 발생되는 충격을 흡수하는 현가장치에서 전기에너지를 얻기 위한 에너지 하베스팅 기술에 적용 가능한 전력변환 시스템에 관하여 연구 하였다. 제안된 전력변환장치는 2상 AC-DC 다이오드를 직렬로 구성하여 선형 발전기의 서로 다른 주파수와 크기를 갖는 출력전압에 대해 효과적으로 전기에너지로 변환하도록 하였다. 제안한 전력변환시스템의 가능성을 확인하기 위해 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통하여 검증하였다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.473-480
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• 2013

A new concept design of electromagnetic energy harvester is proposed for powering a tire pressure monitoring sensor (TPMS). The thin coil strap is attached on the circumferential surface of a rim and a permanent magnet is placed on the brake caliper system. When the wheel rotates, the relative motion between the magnet and the coil generates electrical energy by electromagnetic induction. The generated energy is stored in a storage unit (rechargeable battery, capacitor) and used for TPMS operation and wireless signal transmission. Innovative layered design of the strap is provided for maximizing energy generation. Finite Element Method (FEM) and experiment results on the proposed design are compared to validate the proposed design; further, the method for design improvement is discussed. The proposed design is excellent in terms of durability and sustainability because it utilizes the everlasting rotary motion throughout the vehicle life and does not require material deformation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.255-262
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• 2016

There has been intense research on self-diagnosis systems in railway applications, since stability and reliability have become more and more significant issues. Wired sensors have been widely used in the railway vehicles, but because of the difficulty in their maintenance and accessibility, they ar not considered for self-diagnosis systems. To have a self-monitoring system, wireless data transmission and self-powered sensors are required. For this purpose, a thermoelectric energy harvesting module that can generate electricity from temperature gradient between the bogie axle box and ambient environment was introduced in this work. The temperature gradient was measured under actual operation conditions, and the behavior of the thermoelectric module with an external load resistance and booster circuits was studied. The proposed energy harvesting system can be applied for wireless sensor nodes in railroad vehicles with optimization of thermal management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.511-515
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• 2012

A road energy harvester was designed and fabricated to convert mechanical energy from the vehicle load to electrical energy. The road energy harvester is composed of 24 piezoelectric cantilevers and a vehicle load transfer mechanism. Applying a vehicle load transfer mechanism rather than directly installing energy harvesters under roads decreases the area of road construction and allows more energy harvesters to be installed on the side of the road. The power generation amount with respect to the vehicular velocity change was assessed by installing the vehicle load transfer mechanism and the energy harvester in the form of speed bumps and underground. The energy harvester installed in a speed bump form generated power of 7.61 mW at the vehicular velocity of 20 km/h. Also, power generation of the energy harvester installed in the underground form was 63.9 mW at the vehicular velocity of 28 km/h. Although the number of piezoelectric cantilevers was reduced by 1/3 to 24 in comparison to the previous research results with 72 piezoelectric cantilevers, similar power generation characteristic value was obtained within the vehicular velocity of 20 km/h by altering the vehicle load transfer mechanism and cantilever vibration method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.554-558
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• 2011

Piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) as a box type was fabricated in order to harvest mechanical energy imparted to roadways from passing vehicles and convert it into electricity. The PEH was composed of 72 piezoelectric cantilevers with 9 springs with elasticity stick to a bottom of the PEH. For the single piezoelectric cantilever, when a single push with approximately 5 mm displacement was incident to it, power of 0.355 mW was produced at $100\;k{\Omega}$. It is found that the power from the single piezoelectric cantilever increases when spring constant is high. We investigated power of PEH when the moving vehicle passes in it. Power was increased with increasing vehicle speed. When vehicle speed is 30 km/h, power is 20.6 mW.