• Title/Summary/Keyword: Energy Dependence

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Determination of Dose Correction Factor for Energy and Directional Dependence of the MOSFET Dosimeter in an Anthropomorphic Phantom (인형 모의피폭체내 MOSFET 선량계의 에너지 및 방향 의존도를 고려하기 위한 선량보정인자 결정)

  • Cho, Sung-Koo;Choi, Sang-Hyoun;Na, Seong-Ho;Kim, Chan-Hyeong
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.97-104
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    • 2006
  • In recent years, the MOSFET dosimeter has been widely used in various medical applications such as dose verification in radiation therapeutic and diagnostic applications. The MOSFET dosimeter is, however, mainly made of silicon and shows some energy dependence for low energy Photons. Therefore, the MOSFET dosimeter tends to overestimate the dose for low energy scattered photons in a phantom. This study determines the correction factors to compensate these dependences of the MOSFET dosimeter in ATOM phantom. For this, we first constructed a computational model of the ATOM phantom based on the 3D CT image data of the phantom. The voxel phantom was then implemented in a Monte Carlo simulation code and used to calculate the energy spectrum of the photon field at each of the MOSFET dosimeter locations in the phantom. Finally, the correction factors were calculated based on the energy spectrum of the photon field at the dosimeter locations and the pre-determined energy and directional dependence of the MOSFET dosimeter. Our result for $^{60}Co$ and $^{137}Cs$ photon fields shows that the correction factors are distributed within the range of 0.89 and 0.97 considering all the MOSFET dosimeter locations in the phantom.

Study on Dosimetric Properties of Radiophotoluminescent Glass Rod Detector (유리선량계의 선량 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Rah, Jeong-Eun;Shin, Dong-Oh;Hong, Ju-Young;Kim, Hee-Sun;Lim, Chun-Il;Jeong, Hee-Gyo;Suh, Tea-Suk
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.181-186
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    • 2006
  • A radiophotoluminescent glass rod detector (GRD) system has recently become commercially available. We investigate the dosimetric properties of the GRD regarding the reproducibility of signal, dose linearity and energy dependence. The reproducibility of five measurements for 50 GRDs is presented by an average of one standard deviation of each GRD and it is ${\pm}1.2%$. It is found to be linear in response to doses of $^{60}Co$ beam in the range 0.5 to 50 Gy with a coefficient of linearity of 0.9998. The energy dependence of the GRD is determined by comparing the dose obtained using cylindrical chamber to that by using the GRD. The GRD response for each beam is normalized to the response for a $^{60}Co$ beam. The responses for 6 and 15 MV x-ray beams are within ${\pm}1.5%$ (1SD). The energy response of GRD for high-energy photon is almost the same as the energy dependence of LiF:Mg:Ti (TLD-100)and shows little energy dependence unlike p-type silicon diode detector. The GRDs have advantages over other detectors such diode detector, and TLD: linearity, reproducibility and energy dependency. It has been verified to be an effective device for small field dosimetry for stereotactic radiosurgery.

Reflection-amplitude Approximation for the Interlayer Exchange Coupling in (001) Co/Cu/Co Multilayers

  • Lee, B. C.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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    • 2000.09a
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    • pp.191-199
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    • 2000
  • The reflection-amplitude approximation is used to calculate the interlayer exchange coupling in (001) Co/Cu/Co multilayers. The dependence of the phase factor of the reflection amplitude on the energy and wave vector is included. The contribution of each period is calculated and the results are compared with those from the asymptotic behavior. It is shown that the energy and wave-vector dependence of the phase factor may affect the interlayer exchange coupling significantly.

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Effect of the Phase Factor of the Reflection Amplitude on the Interlayer Exchange Coupling in (001) Co/Cu/Co Multilayers

  • Lee, B.C.
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.43-46
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    • 2001
  • The reflection-amplitude approximation is used to calculate the interlayer exchange coupling in (001) Co/Cu/Co multilayers. The dependence of the phase factor of the reflection amplitude on the energy and wave vector is included. The contribution of each period is calculated and the results are compared with those from asymptotic behavior. It is shown that the energy and wave-vector dependence of the phase factor may affect the interlayer exchange coupling significantly.

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Optical properties of undoped and $Co^{2+}$-doped $Zn_4$$ GeSe_6$ single crystals ($Zn_4$$ GeSe_6$$Co^{2+}$를 첨가한 $Zn_4$$ GeSe_6$:$Co^{2+}$단결정의 광학적 특성)

  • 김덕태
    • Electrical & Electronic Materials
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.105-112
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    • 1997
  • Undoped and Co$^{2+}$-doped Zn$_{4}$GeSe$_{6}$ single crystals were grown by the Chemical Transport Reaction method using iodine as a transporting agent. The crystal structure of these compounds determined by X-ray diffraction analysis was monoclinic structure. The direct energy gaps of these compounds were measured and the temperature dependence of the optical energy gap were closely investigated over the temperature range 10-290K. The temperature dependence of the optical energy gap is well presented by the Varshni equation. Also the optical absorption peaks of Zn$_{4}$GeSe$_{6}$ :Co$^{2+}$ single crystal observed, centered at 5437, 6079, 7142, 12950, 13462, 14786 and 15735 $cm^{-1}$ /, can be explained in terms of the electronic transitions of Co$^{2+}$ ions located at Td symmetry of the host materials. According to the crystal-field theory, the crystal-field, Racah and spin-orbit coupling parameters obtained from the absorption bands are given by Dq = 361$cm^{-1}$ /, B = 655$cm^{-1}$ / and .lambda. = 284$cm^{-1}$ / respectively.ively.

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Resonant Frequency Modulation of High Temperature Superconductors Subjected to Optical Pulse Energy and Temperature (광학 펄스 에너지와 온도 변화에 의한 고온 초전도체의 공명 진동수 변조)

  • Cho, Shin-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.18 no.11
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    • pp.1061-1067
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    • 2005
  • The resonant frequency modulation of $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ meander lines has been investigated as functions of optical pulse energy and temperature by using a network analyzer. The frequency-domain measurements are performed by controlling both the resonant frequency and the frequency width. The meander lines, configured in a microstrip geometry, are illuminated by optical pulses from an actively mode-locked Nd:YAG laser. The variation of the resonant frequency shows a quadratic dependence on the reduced optical pulse energy $P/P_c$, where $P_c$ is defined as the critical optical pulse energy at which resonance signal has disappeared. As for the dependence on temperature, the results are in good agreement with the previously reported data.

$CO_2$ Laser Induced Decomposition of 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane

  • Byoung Soo Chun;Nam Woong Song;Kwang Yul Choo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.214-220
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    • 1990
  • We have studied the Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation (IRMPD) of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane by using the pulsed $CO_2$ laser. The product yields and the HCl/HBr branching ratios in IRMPD of $BrCH_2CH_2CH_2Cl$ are studied under the focused beam geometry as a function of buffer gas (He) pressure, laser energy, and photolysing wavelength. It is observed that the total dissociation yield has a laser energy dependence of 1.8-2.0 power order and the branching ratio is very slightly dependent on the pulse energy for the laser lines employed. The dependences of total dissociation yield and branching ratio on the buffer gas pressures show that the dissociation yield monotonically decreases and the branching ratio slightly decreases with the increase of the buffer gas pressure. The Energy-Grained Master Equation (EGME) was applied to explain the laser pulse energy and the buffer gas pressure(He) dependence of the dissociation yield and the branching ratio.