• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.581-592
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• 2008

In this study, a conceptual pyroprocess flowsheet has been devised by combining several dry-type unit processes; its applicability as an alternative fuel cycle technology was analyzed. A key point in the evaluation of its applicability to the fuel cycle was the recovery yield of fissile materials from spent fuels as well as the proliferation resistance of the process. The recovery yields of uranium and transuranic elements (TRU) were obtained from a material balance for every unit process composing the whole pyroprocess. The material balances for several elemental groups of interest such as uranium, TRU, rare earth, gaseous fission products, and heat generating elements were calculated on the basis of the knowledge base that is available from domestic and foreign experimental results or technical information presented in open literature. The calculated result of the material balance revealed that uranium and TRU could be recovered at 98.0% and 97.0%, respectively, from a typical PWR spent fuel. Furthermore, the anticipated TRU product was found to emit a non-negligible level of $\gamma$-ray and a significantly higher level of neutrons compared to that of a typical plutonium product obtained from the PUREX process. The results indicate that the product from this conceptual pyroprocessing should be handled in a shielded cell and that this will contribute favorably to retaining proliferation resistance.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2007

This paper describes the design and integration of the wind-fuel cell hybrid system. The hybrid system components included a wind turbine, an electrolyzer (for generation of H2), a PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell), hydrogen storage tank and BOP (Balance of Plant) system. The energy input is entirely provided by a wind turbine. A DC-DC converter controls the power input to the electrolyzer, which produces hydrogen and oxygen form water. The hydrogen used the fuel for the PEMFC. Hydrogen may be produced and stored in high pressure tank by hydrogen gas booster system. Wind conditions are changing with time of day, season and year. So, wind power is a variable energy source. The main purpose with these WT-FC hybrid system is to store hydrogen by electrolysis of water when wind conditions are good and release the stored hydrog en to supply the fuelcell when wind is low.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.664-675
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 기관의 내벽면 열전달계수 측정에 직접 사용되는 열전달량을 측정하기 위해서 풍동실험, 냉각수 전열량 및 비등율 측정실험, 오일팬으로의 전열량 측정심험등의 열전달량 측정실험과 과급기에서 압축기와 터빈의 입출구 엔탈피 변화를 측정하고 이를 종합하여 기관에 소요된 단위 연료 발열량에 대한 에너지 소비내역과 과급기의 시스템 효율등을 산정하고 이들을 기관 운전조건의 변화에 따라 고찰하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.300-309
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• 2012

Long endurance is a key issue in the application of unmanned aerial vehicles. This study presents feasibility test results when fuel cell system as an alternative to the conventional engine is applied for the power of the UAV after the 150W fuel cell system is developed and packaged to the 1/4 scale super cub airplane. Fuel cell system is operated by dead-end method in the anode part and periodically purged to remove the water droplet in flow field during the operation. Oxygen in the air is supplied to the stack by the two air blowers. And fuel cell stack is water cooled by cooling circuit to dissipate the heat generated during the fuel cell operation. Weight balance is considered to integrate the stack and balance of plant (BOP) in package layout. In flight performance test, we demonstrated 4 times standalone take-off and landing. In the laboratory test simulating the flight condition to quantify the energy flow, the system is analyzed in detail. Sankey diagram shows that electric efficiency of the fuel cell system is 39.2%, heat loss 50.1%, parasitic loss 8.96%, and unreacted purged gas 1.67%, respectively compared to the total hydrogen input energy. Feasibility test results show that fuel cell system is high efficient and appropriate for the power of UAV.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.303-311
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• 2019

Reversible solid oxide fuel cell (RSOFC) has become a prospective device for energy storage and hydrogen production. Many studies have been conducted around the world focusing on system efficiency improvement and realization. The system should have not only high efficiency but also a certain level of simplicity for stable operation. External waste steam utilization was proved to remarkably increase the efficiency at solid oxide electrolysis system. In this study, RSOFC system coupled with waste steam was proposed and optimized in term of simplicity and efficiency. Ejector for fuel recirculation is selected due to its simple design and high stability. Three system configurations using ejector for fuel recirculation were investigated for performance of design condition. In parametric study, the system efficiencies at different current density were analyzed. The system configurations were simulated using validated lumped model in EBSILON(R) program. The system components, balance of plants, were designed to work in both electrolysis and fuel cell modes, and their off-design characteristics were taken into account. The base case calculation shows that, the system with suction pump results in slightly lower efficiency but stack can be operated more stable with same inlet pressure of fuel and air electrode.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.383-386
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• 2007

This paper describes the design and integration of the wind- fuel cell hybrid system. The hybrid system components included a wind turbine, an electrolyzer (for generation of H2), a PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell), storage system and BOP (Balance of Plant) system. The energy input is entirely provided by a wind turbine. A DC-DC converter controls the power input to the electrolyzer, which produces hydrogen and oxygen form water. The hydrogen used the fuel for the PEMFC. The hydrogen is compressed and stored in high pressure tank by hydrogen gas booster system.

• 에너지공학
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2014

시험방법 중 현재 국내 자동차 연비계산 방법은 차대동력계에 시험차량을 설치한 후, 주어진 시험모드(FTP-75 & HWFET 모드 등)에 따라 차량을 주행하여 측정되어지는 배출가스 결과를 가지고 계산에 의해 연비를 구하는 방식인 카본발란스 측정법(Carbon balance method)을 이용하고 있다. 이때 사용하고 있는 카본발란스 측정법은 시험방법 개발 당시의 표준연료에 대해 연료물성을 구하고, 이때 구하여진 상수 값과 시험에서 측정되어진 THC, CO, $CO_2$ 값을 가지고 계산하게 된다. 그러므로 시험할 때마다 매번 바뀌게 되는 사용 연료의 연료물성 특성은 정확히 고려되지 않게 된다. 주어진 시험연료에 따라 엔진성능 및 배출가스 결과가 변하게 되고, 많은 대체연료가 나오고 있는 현 시점에서 시험연료의 물성 특성을 연비계산 시에도 고려해야만 된다고 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 사용하고 있는 카본발란스법과 실제 시험에 사용된 연료의 유량을 측정하는 유량측정 방법을 이용한 결과를 비교하여, 시험에 사용된 연료의 물성 특성을 고려할 수 있는 방법을 연구함으로서, 다양해지고 있는 연료의 물성 특성을 고려해 줄 수 있는 개선된 연비측정 방법을 검토해 보고자 한다.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2006

A two-dimensional numerical model to study the performance of anode-supported flat-tube solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) far the cross section of the cell in the flow direction of the fuel and air flows is developed. In this model a mass and charge balance, Maxwell-Stefan equation as well as the momentum equation by using, Darcy's law are applied in differential form. The finite element method using FEMLAB commercial software is used for meshing, discritization and solving the system of coupled differential equations. The current density distribution and fuel consumption as well as water production are analyzed. Experimental data is used to verify a predicted voltage-current density and power density versus current density to judge on the model accuracy.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.195-206
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• 2003

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells(PEMFC) are very interesting power source due to high power density, simple construction and operation at low temperature. But they have problems such as high cost, improvement of performance and effect of temperature. This problems can be approached using mathematical models which are useful tools for analysis and optimization of fuel cell performance and for heat and water management, in this paper, transient model consists of various energy terms associated with fuel cell operation using the mass and energy balance equation. And water transfer in the membrane is composed of back diffusion and electro-osmotic drag. The temperature calculated by transient model approximately agreed with the temperature measured by experiment in constant current condition.

• 에너지공학
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 탄소 균형 및 1차식에 의한 공연비 산정방법을 대체연료에 적용하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 이전의 연구에서는 Eltinge 차트의 확장, 미연탄화수소의 보상 및 다양한 방법으로부터 계산한 결과를 비교하였다. 또한 Eltinge 방법은 현재 공연비를 산정하는 방법 중 가장 일반적인 식이라는 것을 확인하였다. 그러나 최근 지구온난화 방지를 포함하여 환경 보호와 에너지보존에 대한 요구가 증가하면서 내연기관에 대체연료를 사용이 도입되기 시작하면서 이러한 대체연료들에 대한 공연비의 정확한 산정이 필요하게 되었다. 특히, 산소를 포함하는 연료에서는 Eltigne방법을 제외하고 모든 공연비 산정법들이 다시 유도되어야한다. 이 연구에서는 이미 그 정확성이 확인된 탄소균형식을 이용하여 대체연료의 공연비를 산정하기 위해 다시 유도하였고, 각 대체 연료에 실제로 적용이 가능한 1차식을 새로이 제시하였다. 평가 결과, 탄소균형식으로 계산한 공연비는 가솔린 연료와 비교하여 다소 오차가 증가하였지만, 그 정확도는 다양한 대체 연료들에 적용하기에 충분하다는 결론을 얻었다. 또한, 제시된 1차식은 $\lambda=1.2$이하에서는 그 정확도가 매우 높았다.