• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 1997

Normal maturation of the mammalian oocytes is prerequisite for the fertilization and the early embryonic development. We have been tested the effects of purine and its de novo synthetic inhibitor, azaserine(Aza) on the maturation of germinal vesicle(GV) and germinal vesicle breakdown(GVBD) mouse oocytes. Denude-immature oocytes were cultivated in the media containing adenosine, guanosine, and/or azaserine, and checked the matruation stage by monitoring the prominent morphological changes. In GV stage oocytes, GV was arrested temporarily by the adenosine(1.0%) and protractedly by the guanosine(65.9%, P<0.001). The regression was increased significantly at the adenosine(90%, P<0.001) but decreased at the guanosine(1.6%, P<0.05). Inhibiting the de novo synthesis of purine, nuclear maturation rate was increase(90.4% : 96.7%), but GV arrest was significantly increased by cotreatment with guanosine(P<0.001). Polar body extraction significantly was increased at the Aza(P<0.05), but not in others. In GVBD oocytes, adenosine itself did not affect GVBD arrest. Guanosine, on the other hand, elevated GVBD arrest rate(P<0.001), but co-treated with Aza, decreased GVBD arrest(P<0.001). Aza increased GVBD arrest rate(20.2%, P<0.05) compared with control. From those results, we know that guanosine shows more prominent effect on the inhibition of nuclear maturation at the GV stage, and of the 1st polar body extrusion at the GVBD stage. Adenosine showed the cytoplasmic toxicity at GV stage oocyte. Our data speculate that cytoplasmic cAMP level is auto-regulated by endogenous adenylate cyclase while GVBD is inhibited by guanosine, since purine toxicity is not observed in the GVBD stage. And it is showed that purine metabolism is concerned with nuclear maturation, that the amounts of purine metabolism is not even during the oocyte maturation.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.375-387
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• 2009

Objective : Gyehyuldeung (GHD) has been widely used in oriental medicine for the treatments of cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Thus, its potential facilitatory activity on axonal regeneration was investigated in the rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were given crush injury at the sciatic nerve and the changes of axon growth after nerve injury on each nerve injury model were investigated with anti-NF-200 antibody, DiI, GAP-43 protein and Cdc2 protein Results : GHD-mediated enhancement of axonal regeneration after crush injury was measured in both qualitative and quantitative ways by immunofluorescence staining with anti-NF-200 antibody and retrograde tracing of fluorescence dye DiI. GAP-43 protein levels were elevated by GHD treatments in the distal injured sciatic nerve and DRG sensory neurons. The neurite outgrowth of DRG sensory neurons was facilitated by GHD treatment when co-cultured with Schwann cells and astrocytes prepared from injured sciatic nerves and injured spinal cord tissues, respectively. It was observed that Cdc2 protein was up-regulated in co-cultured Schwann cells or astrocytes and Cdc2 protein signals were co-localized to a certain extent with those of phospho-vimentin protein. Conclusions : These results suggest that GHD may play a facilitatory role in axonal regeneration by acting on the injured axons and adjacent non-neuronal cells. The current findings may be useful for the development of therapeutic targets through more specific explorations on molecular interactions between herbal components and endogenous factors.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.257-263
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• 2001

Species of the genus Orobanche are parasitic flowering plants, holoparasites, which cling to the roots of green plants. Their tiny seeds (200 x $250\mu\textrm{m}$) germinate in response to chemical stimuli produced by host and some non-host plants. Successful contact with their host leads to development of haustoria for obtaining water and food. The shoots above the ground expose flowers and disseminate seeds. Several samples of Orobanche ramosa, O. crenata, O. cernua, and O. egyptiaca were collected from different localities in Jordan. These samples showed one of the following disease symptoms: dry rot at the base of the stem; general deterioration and expanded lesion from base upward; soft tissue maceration of stem; and black rot of flower parts with incomplete maturation of the ovary and seeds. Isolation from diseased stems and seeds was made on three different mycological media. Several fungi were isolated, mainly, Fusarium spp., Alternaria alternata, Rhizoctonia sp., Dendrophora sp., Chaetomium sp., and an ascomycetus fungus with a perithecium. Pathogenicity tests showed that Fusarium spp. and Alternaria alternata attacked healthy living tissue of Orobanche spikes. These fungi caused lesions of black soft rot and complete deterioration within 5-7 days. They also attacked Orobanche seeds, arresting their germination and causing maceration of non-germinated and germinated seeds after 5-7 days of incubation. Meanwhile, Dendrophora sp. and Chaetomium sp. caused limited lesion at first, but were able to colonize the tissue as it aged and senesced. This study showed the presence of a potential endogenous pathogenic fungi in Jordan, which can be investigated as a biological control for Orobanche.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.112-120
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• 1996

In this study, the porous glass media was utilized as biomass carrier, and the optimum characteristics of this new media in fixed bed biofilm process were investigated. The characteristics of media considered here are a void volume fraction, a specific surface area, and surface characteristics of media. The effect of surface roughness and material could be clearly demonstrated by the fact that the porous glass media showed a good potential for biofilm development. This might results from the fact that biofilm is initially formed in the surface cavities of the media is protect from the shear effect. Therefore, the microcolonies are not readily detached by the fluid shear. In the steady state, biofilm formation along the packing bed depth was different from media to media. The specific area was also an important factor for the attachment of microorganism on the media surface. The specific area was also an important factor for the attachment of microorganism on the media surface. In the case of porous glass media, about $100m^2/m^3$ was enough to obtain a good organic removal efficiency The organic removal efficiency could be improved by increasing the void volume fraction in the reactor, at least 80% was required to obtain a high removal efficiency and prevent clogging. From the analysis of kinetics study, the yield coefficient, Y, was 0.42 mgMLSS/mgSBOD, endogenous respiration coefficient, ke, was $0.12day^{-1}$ and substrate removel coefficient of Mckinney. km, was $16.8hr^{-1}$ for the porous glass media G-2

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2010

In order to develop procedures for the rapid isolation of recombinant sugar transporter in functional form from away from the endogenous insect cell transporter, gene fusion techniques were exploited. Briefly, BamH1-digested human HepG2 type glucose transport protein cDNA was first cloned into a transfer vector pBlueBacHis, containing a tract of six histidine residues. Recombinant baculoviruses including the human cDNA were then generated by allelic exchange following transfection of insect cells with wild-type BaculoGold virus DNA and the recombinant transfer vector. Plaque assay was then performed to obtain and purify recombinant viruses expressing the human transport protein. All the cell samples that had been infected with viruses from the several blue plaques exhibited a positive reaction in the immnuassay, demonstrating expression of the glucose transport protein. In contrast, no color development in the immunoassay was observed for cells infected with the wild-type virus or no virus. Immunoblot analysis showed that a major immunoreactive band of apparent Mr 43,000~44,000 was evident in the lysate from cells infected with the recombinant baculovirus. Following expression of the recombinant fusion protein with the metal-binding domain and enterokinase cleavage site, the fusion protein was recovered by competition with imidizole using immobilized metal charged resin. The leader peptide was then removed from the fusion protein by cleavage with porcine enterokinase. Final separation of the recombinant protein of the interest was achieved by passage over $Ni^{2+}$-charged resin under binding conditions. The expressed transport protein bound cytochalasin B and demonstrated a functional similarity to its human counterpart.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.608-616
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• 1996

참치 가공 부산물로 부터 유용한 식량소재를 찾기위한 목적으로 상업용 단백질 분해효소를 이용하여 반응표면분석법에 의한 최적화한 조건에서 참치 가수 분해물을 제조한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 8종의 상업용 단백질 분해효소에서 가격에 대한 효소활성도와 관능검사 결과치로부터 Pretease P가 최적 효소로 선정되었으며, 참치 가공 부산물 가수분해 과정중 원료 자체의 가수분해효과는 없었다. 반응표면분석 결과 결정계수(0.9460) 및 적합결여검증(P>0.1)을 통해, 본 실험의 디자인이 만족하게 설계되었음을 알 수 있었고 일차식 및 이차식에서는 p<0.05% 수준에서 유의하였다. 다중회귀분석 및 능선분석 결과, 가수분해물 제조를 위한 최적 조건은 pH 7.2, 반응온도 $51^{\circ}C,$ 기질농도 33.3%, 기질에 대한 효소농도 0.48%에서 3.94시간 가수분해시 킬 때이며, 이때의 가수분해율은 64.88%였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제45권11호
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• pp.629-634
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• 2012

The human glycoprotein, stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) plays multiple roles in several tumor types, however, its function and clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. In this study, we detected STC2 expression by quantitative real-time PCR and found STC2 was upregulated in HCC tissues, correlated with tumor size and multiplicity of HCC. Ectopic expression of STC2 markedly promoted HCC cell proliferation and colony formation, while silencing of endogenous STC2 resulted in a reduced cell growth by cell cycle delay in G0/G1 phase. Western blot analysis demonstrated that STC2 could regulate the expression of cyclin D1 and activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in a dominant-positive manner. Transwell chamber assay also indicated altered patterns of STC2 expression had an important effect on cell migration. Our findings suggest that STC2 functions as a potential oncoprotein in the development and progression of HCC as well as a promising molecular target for HCC therapy.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.672-677
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• 2010

유전자변형 장미 개발에 이용된 형질전환 벡터 pSPB130을 검출할 있는 duplex PCR이 개발되었다. 유전자변형 장미를 검출하기 위해 anthocyanin synthase($ANS$)가 장미 내 재유전자로 PCR 검사법에 이용하였다. 107bp의 PCR 산물을 얻을 수 있는 RHANS-KF/KR primer가 ANS 유전자를 증폭시키는데 이용되었고, 이것을 이용하여 9개의 다른 식물에 대해서 PCR한 결과 장미에서만 특이적인 증폭산물이 확인되었다. GMRH-KF/KR primer가 형질전환 벡터 pSPB130에 삽입된 35S promoter와 flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase($F3^{\prime}5^{\prime}H$) 사이의 염기서열을 확인할 수 있도록 제작되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 duplex PCR의 검정한계치는 약 0.5%이며, 이러한 duplex PCR이 우리나라 미승인 유전자변형 장미를 모니터링 하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.767-780
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• 2008

인구감소와 고령화가 진행되고 있는 농산촌 지역의 '내발적 발전'에 의한 지역 활성화를 알아보기 위해서, 지역 활성화를 추진하고 있는 학산면 모리를 사례로 이러한 활동을 내발적 측면에서 검토하고, 이후의 과제를 지적하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 모리마을은 특산물인 포도의 유통 구조 복잡성과 수입 포도의 증가로 농외소득을 증대시키기 위해서 도농교류를 도입하였으며, 이로 인해 농외소득이 증가하고 있다. 도농교류 도입에 의한 운영 위원회가 조직되고 이장을 포함한 지역 리더가 여러 업무를 겸임하면서 마을업무가 일부 리더에게 집중되어 있다. 일부 리더 중심의 업무형태와 주민의 역할이 없는 마을 활성화사업은 지속성의 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 모리마을의 주민과 리더간의 문제점을 해결하기 위해서는 마을지도자, 참가 주민, 미참가 주민, 민박 등에 대한 세부적인 교육을 통해 최대한 많은 주민에게 적합한 역할분담이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.409-434
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• 2014

본고는 가구별 전력요금 지출액 자료를 이용해 가정용 전력의 수요함수를 추정하되, 전력요금이 구간별로 달라지는 구조를 명시적으로 반영한다. 기존의 도구변수를 이용한 추정법이나 2변량 이산-연속선택모형 모두 적용에 한계가 있어 본고는 2단계 분석법을 사용하되, 가구특성에 따라 소비구간이 선택되는 과정을 이산선택모형으로 먼저 추정하고, 이어서 각 구간이 선택될 확률의 예측치를 가중치로 이용해 구축된 가격예측치를 사용하여 조건부 전력수요함수를 추정하고 탄력성을 제시한다. 현재의 전력요금제에서는 구간의 수가 너무 많고 구간간 적용요금의 차이도 크다는 비판을 감안하여 구간의 수를 3개로 줄이고 구간 간 요금차이를 조정하되, 전체적으로 전력판매수입은 현재와 달라지지 않도록 하는 모의정책실험을 추정결과를 이용해 실행하면, 전력 다소비 가구의 전력요금이 갑자기 급증하는 현상은 크게 완화할 수 있지만, 대신 낮은 구간의 요금인상이 어느 정도 발생하고 전력 저소비층의 후생감소는 불가피하므로 이에 대한 대책도 필요하다는 결론을 도출한다.