• ALGAE
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2012

Algae are sensitive to a wide range of pollutants, and are effective bioindicators in ecotoxicity assessments. Here, we evaluated the sub-lethal sensitivity of the marine dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides upon exposure to copper (Cu), lead (Pb), bisphenol A (BPA), and Aroclor 1016 (polychlorinated biphenyl, PCB). Toxic effects were assessed by observations of the reduction in cell counts and chlorophyll a levels after exposure to each toxicant. C. polykrikoides displayed dose-dependent, sigmoidal responses when exposed to the tested chemicals. $EC_{50}$-72 h values for Cu, Pb, BPA, and PCB were 12.74, 46.70, 68.15, and $1.07mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. PCB, which is an endocrine-disrupting chemical, was the most sensitive, proving its toxic effect on the dinoflagellate. This study provides baseline data on the toxic effects of commonly used heavy metals and endocrine-disrupting chemicals to a marine dinoflagellate.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2019

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is capable of interfering with the normal function of the endocrine system in the body. Exposure to this chemical from BPA-containing materials and the environment is associated with deleterious health effects, including male reproductive abnormalities. A search of the literature demonstrated that BPA, as a toxicant, directly affects the cellular oxidative stress response machinery. Because of its hormone-like properties, it can also bind with specific receptors in target cells. Therefore, the tissue-specific effects of BPA mostly depend on its endocrine-disrupting capabilities and the expression of those particular receptors in target cells. Although studies have shown the possible mechanisms of BPA action in various cell types, a clear consensus has yet to be established. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of BPA action in spermatozoa by compiling existing information in the literature.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2009

Exposures to environmental chemicals that mimic endogenous hormones are proposed for a number of adverse health effects, including infertility, abnormal prenatal and childhood development and above all cancers. In addition, recently miRNA (micro RNA) has been recognized to play an important role in various diseases and in cellular and molecular responses to toxicants. In this study, endocrine disrupting environmental toxicant, nonylphenol (NP) was treated to MCF-7 (Human breast cancer cell) and HepG2 (Human hepatocellular liver carcinoma) cell line at 3 hrs and 48 hrs time point and miRNA analysis using $mirVana^{TM}$ miRNA bioarray was performed and compared with total mRNA microarray data for the same cell line and treatment. Robust data quality was achieved through the use of dye-swap. Analysis of microarray data identifies a total of 20 and 11 miRNA expressions at 3 hrs and 48 hrs exposure to NP in MCF-7 cell line and a total of 14 and 47 miRNA expression at 3 hrs and 48 hrs exposure respectively to NP in HepG2 cell line. Expression profiling of the selected miRNA (let-7c, miR-16, miR-195, miR-200b, miR200c, miR-205, and miR-589) reveals changes in the expression of target genes related to metabolism, immune response, apoptosis, and cell differentiation. The present study can be informative and helpful to understand the role of miRNA in molecular mechanism of chemical toxicity and their influence on hormone dependent disease. Also this study may prove to be a valuable tool for screening potential estrogen mimicking pollutants in the environment.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2000

지난 반세기 이상 작물보호제의 수단으로 사용되어 왔던 화학농약은 사용 후 식물과 환경구성 요소 중에 남게 되는 잔류성 문제로 일반사회의 지대한 관심거리로 부상하고 있다. 세계 각 국이 국가차원의 규제로써 등록시 안전성 요구자료를 강화하고 있고 일단 등록된 농약이라 할지라도 주기적으로 안전성은 다시 평가하는 재등록제를 도입하고 있다. 특히 최근 지구환경보호 차원에서 국제기구를 중심으로 잔류성 유기 오염물질 (POPs), 내분비계 장애물질 (EDs)에 대한 관심이 집중됨에 따라 국가차원에서 우리 먹거리의 안전성을 확보하고 환경보전을 위하여 다양한 조사사업과 정책 등이 수립 시행되고 있다. 이들 조사결과에 대하여 과학적인 평가와 진단 그리고 대책들은 소비자의 알 권리를 충족하기 위하여 일반 대중에게 공개되어야 할 것이다.