• 한국패류학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.87-90
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• 2011

The karyotypes of Korean endemic land snail, Koreanohadra koreana, using air-drying method wereinvestigated. Somatic cells of this species had 2n = 58. Karyotypes were also analysed with 16 metacentric, 12 submetacentric and one subtelocentric chromosome pairs. Observed chromosomes ranged from 2.6 to $8.9{\mu}m$ and the total length was $122.3{\mu}m$. This is the second report on the chromosome numbers and the karyotype of K. koreana.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2004

This study was carried out to find out specific proteins from different organs of Clonorchis sinensis. Crude extract, organ-specific and excretory-secretory (ES) proteins were analyzed by immunoblot with infected human sera. The bands of 7- and 17 -kDa were main component of intestinal fluid and ES protein and commonly found in all organ-specific proteins. The 17-kDa protein was observed from ES antigen, intestinal fluid, eggs and sperms, 26- and 28-kDa proteins were from the uterus, vitellaria, and ovary, and 34-, 37-, 43- and 50-kDa proteins were mainly from the testis and sperms. Serum of mice immunized with sperms reacted to the 50-kDa protein by immunoblotting and immunohistochemical staining showed a positive reaction at the seminal receptacle and seminiferous tubule. The present results show that the 7-kDa protein is a common antigen of every part or organ of C. sinensis, but different organs express their specific antigenic protein bands.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.117-120
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• 1988

마우스와 흰쥐에 뱀으로부터 분리한 F. seouzensis의 피낭유충을 20∼30마리씩 감염시키고 경시적으로 산란량을 측정하였다. 감염후 1주부터 12개월까지 각 실험동물의 24시간 대변을 수거하여 60ml로 희석하고, 이중 4ml를 뽑아 전 충란의 수를 세어 1일간 총 충란배출량을 산정하였다. 이를 한 번 반복하여 그 평균치를 구하고, 동시에 동물을 희생시켜 성충을 회수하였다. 카 기간군에 따라 충란의 수를 충체의 수로 나누어 충체당 1일 평균 산란 량(EPDPW)을 계산하였다. 마우스에 감염된 충체의 EPDPW는 감염후 1주에 116이고 2주에 123이었으나 3주에는 42로 감소하였고 그 이후에는 다소 더 감소하였으며 6개일과 12개월에는 카각 36 및 23의 산란량을 유지하였다. 횐쥐에 감염된 충체의 경우 EPDPW가 감염 1주후에 49이고, 2주후 250, 4주후 216, 6개필후 327 및 12개월 후에는 11이었다. F. seouzensis는 마우스보다 횐쥐에서 훨씬 많이 산란하고 산란력을 유지하는 기간도 6개월로 비교적 길게 지속되었다. 또한 이 충체는 마우스와 횐쥐 모두에서 1년이상 생존할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.277-284
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• 1993

세계적으로 중요한 열대풍토병 병원체의 하나인 열대리슈마니아의 핵형에 영향을 줄 것으로 기대되는 인자와 그 효과를 관찰하고자 하였다. 토기의 혈액을 포함한 N.N.N. 배지에서 유지하고 있는 열대리슈마니아(Leishmania major)의 promastigote를 열쇽. 약제 첨가 자외선 조사 및 감마선을 이용한 방사선 조사를 여러 가지 방법으로 시행하고 주기변동전기영동(pulsed field gradient gel electrophoresis)을 이용하여 핵형의 변동 여부를 관찰하였다 그 결과 여러 방식에 의한 열쇽과 약제 처리 및 자외선 조사에 따른 핵형의 변화가 없었다 그러나 방사선 조사군에서는 50 Gy 이상 조사한 군에서 1 mesa base pair(Hb) 크기에 있는 염색체부터 소실되기 시작하여 방사선 조사량이 증가함에 따라서 250-500 Kb의 작은 염색체도 파괴되어 500 Gy 이상 군에서는 뚜렷한 염색체 분획이 없이 젤 하단 200 Kb 크기 아래 부분에 몰려 있었다. 이러한 소견은 방사선에 의하여 염색체가 불규칙하게 파손된 것을 의미한다고 하겠다. 방사선을 300 Gy까지 조사한 충체는 계대 배양이 가능하였고. 이들은 원래의 핵형을 유지하였다. 방사선조사 후에 배양된 충체는 염색체가 파괴되지 않았거나 부분적인 손상 후에 DNA 재결합에 의해 원상회복된 것으로 판단된다. 열대리슈마니아의 핵형은 일시적인 자극에 의하여 쉽게 변형되지 않는 안정된 것임을 확인하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.85-118
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• 2001

Studies on Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) and human infections are briefly reviewed. This minute intestinal fluke was first discovered from a Korean woman suffering from acute pancreatitis and gastrointestinal troubles. It was described as a new species by Lee, Chai and Hong in 1993. The southwestern coastal village where the patient resided was found to be a highly endemic area, and additional endemic areas have been identified. The parasite is very small, 0.33-0.50 mm long and 0.23-0.33 mm wide. and characterized by the presence of a ventral pit. The first intermediate host remains unknown, but the second intermediate host has been found to be the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Man and the Palearctic oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus have been shown to be natural definitive hosts , and wading birds including the Dentish plover Charadrius alexandrinus are highly susceptible to experimental infection. Gerbils, hamsters, cats, and several strains of mice were also susceptible laboratory hosts. In experimentally infected mice, the parasites inhabit the small intestine, pinching and sucking the root of villi with their large oral suckers, but they did not invade beyond the mucosa in immunocompetent mice. However, they were found to invade the submucosa in immunosuppressed mice. Human G. seoi infections have been found in at least 25 localities; 23 islands on the Yellow Sea or the South Sea, and 2 western coastal villages. The highest Prevalence was found in a village on Aphaedo. Shinan-fun (49% e99 Positive rate) : other areas showed 0.8-25.3% prevalence. Infected people complained of variable degrees of gastrointestinal troubles and indigestion. The infection can be diagnosed by recovery of eggs in the feces; however, an expert is needed to identify the eggs. Praziquantel, 10mg/kg in single dose, is effective for treatment of human infections. Eating raw oysters in endemic areas should be avoided.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2002

A scanning electron microscopic study was performed on the surface ultrastructure of Pygidiopsis summa (Digenea: Heterophyidae) adults. Metacercariae were collected from gills and muscles of mullets (Mugil cephalus) caught in a known endemic area, and adult flukes were harvested from dogs after 8 weeks of experimental infection. The worm was calabash form with its posterior part broader than the anterior part. Tegumental spines were densely distributed over the body surface, except on the suckers and genital apparatus, and around the excretory pore. Well differentiated spines were observed on the anterior half of the body, with 14-16 tips ventrally, and 19-20 tips dorsally. On the oral sucker. three pairs of type I sensory papillae (uni-ciliated knob-like swellings) and one pair of type II sensory papillae (aciliated round-swellings) were observed on the anterior and posterior parts of the lip, respectively. On the lip of the ventral sucker, one pair of type II sensory papillae was distributed only on its posterior part. Sperms were seen emerging from or entering into the genital apparatus. The results showed that the surface ultrastructure of P. summa was unique among the heterophyid trematodes, especially in digitation of tegumental spines and in distribution of sensory papillae on oral and ventral suckers.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.171-174
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• 2010

The anti-tumorigenic effects of Toxoplasma gondii (RH) antigens were studied in a murine sarcoma-180 tumor model. To determine the anti-tumor effects, the reduction in tumor size and expression of CD31 (an angiogenesis marker in the tumor tissue) were examined after injection of BALB/c mice with T. gondii lysate antigen (TLA) or formalin-fixed, proliferation-inhibited, T. gondii tachyzoites. Tumors were successfully produced by an intradermal injection of sarcoma-180 cells with plain Matrigel in the mid-backs of mice. After injection with TLA or formalin-fixed T. gondii tachyzoites, the increase in tumor size and weight nearly stopped while tumor growth continued in control mice that were injected with PBS. CD31 expression in TLA-treated or formalin-fixed T. gondii-injected mice was lower than the control mice. Accordingly, the present study shows that the treatment of mice with formalin-fixed T. gondii or TLA in the murine sarcoma-180 tumor model results in a decrease of both tumor size and CD31 expression.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권16호
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• pp.6643-6647
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• 2014

The breast and the thyroid are hormone responsive organs that are closely related with changes of endocrine function and glandular disease. An association between thyroid disorders and breast cancer (BC) risk has been suggested, although the results are inconclusive. The purpose of the present study was to summarize evidence supporting a relationship between BC and the level of thyroid hormones and antibodies. The MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases were searched for studies published between 2000 and 2014. The pooled effects were presented as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using fixed or random effect models. We summarized the results of 8 cross-sectional studies with 4, 189 participants. The overall pooled results showed that the levels of $FT_3$ and $FT_4$ were significantly increased in patients with BC (WMD=1.592 pmol/l; 95% CI: 0.15-3.033 and WMD=0.461 ng/dl; 95% CI: 0.015-0.906; p=0.043). The TPOAb level in patients with BC was higher than that in the control group (WMD=81.4 IU/ml; 95% CI: 78.7-84.0; p=0.000). The overall pooled results of the TgAb with random effects analyses showed that the TgAb level was significantly increased in patients with BC (WMD=101.3 IU/ml; 95% CI: 48.7-153.9; p=0.000). The present results indicated that the serum levels of $FT_3$, TPOAb and TgAb are significantly higher in patients with breast cancer than in healthy controls.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 1978

Clonorchiasis sinensis is the most important endemic disease in In Korea, and this disease has been known to be one of public health concern in mary areas of southern part of Korea. This survey was undertaken to evaluate the status of clonorchiasis in Eui-Seong Gun, Kyungpook Province from March 1974 to August 1974. A total number of 3,771(male 2,037. female 1,734) consisting of 2,948 primary school children, 774 middle school students, 49 high school students were examined by the intradermal test with clonorchis antigen. In order to detect clonorchis egg, the stool examinations were undertaken on the residents in Bong Yang Myun. And, the intensity of the clonorchis infection was estimated by the Stoll's egg count. The following results were obtained in this survey; 1. As a whole, 6.0 per cent of the examiners showed positive reaction by the intradermal test (male 8.0%, female 3.6%). 2. Among 249 residents in Bong Yang Myun, the prevalence rate of clonorchis eggs was shown as 45.8 per cent. 3. The mean E. P. G. in Bong Yang Myun 114 inhabitants was 2,197. 4. The degree of the intensity of clonorchis infection by E. P. G. counts was distributed to the light (50.9%) medium (43.9%) and heavy infection groups(5.3%).

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1982

Clonorchiasis sinensis is one of the most important endemic diseases in Korea, and this disease has been known to be one of public health concern in many areas of Korea. This survey was undertaken to evaluate the status of clonorchiasis in Yeoju Gun, Gyeong-gi Do from July to September 1980. A total of 1,194 male students were examined by intradermal test with Clonorchis antigen. In order to detect Clonorchis egg, the stool examinations were undertaken to 1,158 students, and the intensity of the Clonorchis infection was estimated by the Stoll's egg count. The prevalence rate was reanalyzed by the regional groups for an investigation of regional characteristics of infection. The following results were obtained in this survey. 1) Among 1,194 students in Yeoju Eup, positive rate of intradermal test with C. sinensis antigen was 17.2 percent. (middle school14.6% and high school 20.1%). 2) In the examination of 1,158 stool specimens, Clonorchis eggs were found in 97 (8.4%) cases. 3) Mean E.P.G. of Clonorchis infected case was $1,330{\pm}2,620$. 4) The degree of the intensity of Clonorchis infection by E.P.G. count was distributed as 73.6% in light infection (100-999), 22.6%, in moderate infection (1,000-9,999), and 3.8% in heavy infection (10,000-29,999). 5) High prevalence rate of Clonorchis sinensis was found in the Sang-Ri(9,3%) and Ha-Ri(8.4%) in Yeoju Eup. Neighbouring Bugnae Myun (11.5%), Gangcheon Myun(12.1%) and Neungseo Myun (11.1%) adjacent to the river had a similary high prevalence of C. sinensis.