• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.707-725
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• 2021

Energy management systems (EnMS) contribute to sustainable energy saving and greenhouse gas reduction by emphasizing the role of energy management in production-oriented economies. Although understanding the methods used to measure energy performance is a key factor in constructing successful EnMS, few attempts have been made to examine these methods, their applicability, and their utility in practice. To fill this research gap, this study aimed to deepen the understanding of energy performance measures by focusing on four energy performance indicators (EnPIs) proposed by ISO 50006, namely the measured energy value, ratio between measured values, linear regression model, and nonlinear regression model. This paper presents policy and managerial implications to facilitate the effective use of these measures. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis was conducted with 41 experts to analyze the preference for EnPIs and their key selection criteria by the industry sector, and organization and user type. The findings suggest that the most preferred EnPI is the ratio between the measured values followed by the measured energy value. The ease of use was considered to be most important while choosing EnPIs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.415-418
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• 2002

MR의 자율주행 기능에는 추종, 접근, 충돌회피, 경고 등의 여러 기능이 있다. 이 기능들을하나의 Neural Network로 학습시키는 것은 어려운 일이다. 이것을 보안하고자 기능들을 각각의 Module로 구성하여 상황에 맞게 학습된 Module의 출력 값으로 MR을 제어하였다 로봇은 인간의 감각을 대신할 수 있는 다중 초음파 센서와 PC 카메라를 장착하고 있으며, 이곳에서 측정된 환경정보 데이터들은 Modular Neural Network을 통해 학습이 이루어진다 MNN에서의 출력값은 Gating Network(GN)에서 로봇의 진행 방향과 속도를 스위칭 출력함으로서 MR을 제어하는데 사용된다. MNN 내 EN의 활성화 함수 최적결합을 통해 효과적인 MNN을 구성하였다. 본 논문에서는 Modular Neural Network의 Expert Network(EN)을 최적설계 하였고, 제안한 MNN의 검증을 위해 실시간으로 MR에 구현하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1156-1163
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• 2014

In this work by measuring transfer impedance of communication cables using EN50289 its Shielding effect is analyzed. transfer impedance measurement triaxial method using EN50289 is defined in CENELEC, it is unlike triaxial method prescribed in IEC Standard 96-1, can be measured regardless of diameter of coaxial cable and outer conductor. in this paper, transfer impedance measurement device of coaxial cable is designed and made according to EN50289 standard, The analysis determines the reliable working frequency range of coaxial cable and examined the impact of different shielding methods on coaxial cable. The transfer impedance measurements show considerable variations in results with various shielding methods. also the measurement procedure is verified through comparison of calculated and measured transfer impedance of RG-58 cable.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.186-191
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• 2003

Skills in tracing of the MR divide into following, approaching, avoiding and warning and so on. It is difficult to have all these skills learned as neural network. To make this up for, skills consisted of each module, and Mobile Robot was controlled by the output of module adequate for the situation. A mobile Robot was equipped multi-ultrasonic sensor and a USB Camera, which can be in place of human sense, and the measured environment information data is learned through Modular Neural Network. MNN consisted of optimal combination of activation function in the Expert Network and its structure seemed to improve learning time and errors. The Gating Network(GN) used to control output values of the MNN by switching for angle and speed of the robot. In the paper, EN of Modular Neural network was designed optimal combination. Traveling with a real MR was performed repeatedly to verity the usefulness of the MNN which was proposed in this paper. The robot was properly controlled and driven by the result value and the experimental is rewarded with good fruits.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.161-166
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• 2004

In this research, TiN films has been grown to the stainless steel substrate by ion beam assisted deposition. TiN film was grown to the nitrogen atmosphere of around $10^{-15}$ Torr with Arion bombardment. The chemical composition, color and adhesion of TiN films were examined as a variation of En(ion energy per atom). The N/Ti ratio increased linearly as the increase of En and saturated around 1.2 at high En. As a results, the bright golden color was obtained when En reached a certain value of Ecn. As a results, the N/Ti ratio is about 0.9.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.341-344
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• 1986

The rate for the aquation of trans-[Cr$(en)_2Br_2]^+$ and trans-$[Cr(tn)_2Br_2]+^$ ions in the aqueous solution has been measured by the conductometric method at various pressures and temperatures. The rate constants are increased with increasing temperature and decreased with increasing pressure. Activation volumes are all positive values and lie in the limited range +1.6 ∼ +2.3Oc$m^3$/mole for trans-[Cr$(en)_2Br_2]^+$ and +1.30 ∼ +1.92c$m^3$/mole for trans-$[Cr(tn)_2Br_2]+^$. Activation entropies have small negative values while activation compressibilities have small positive values. From the above results, we may deduce that the mechanism for the aquation of these complexes is the $I_d$ mechanism.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.3-8
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• 1985

Molecular electronegativity (EN) values are calculated employing the density functional definition of EN: the negative of the chemical potential in the density functional theory. Calculations are limited to the use of valence electrons (valence electron approximation). Our formula for the EN is given in terms of Hartree-Fock(HF) orbital energies. Resulting EN values for molecules as well as atoms exhibit a remarkable correlation with other existing scales. For molecules, we have achieved electronegativity equalization principle (Sanderson's principle).

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.503-505
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 실증기능 구현을 위해 75KW로 설계된 리튬-폴리머배터리(Lithium Polymer Battery 이하 배터리)와 ESS(Energy Storage System) 내장형 Hybrid-PCS(이하 PCS)을 이용하여 불균일한 풍력 발전원에 대한 Smoothing 제어 및 정출력 제어 대한 연구를 진행 하였다. 잦은 전류 변동으로 인해 발생되는 출력 변동의 안정화를 위해 인버터 전류제어, 벅/부스트 전압제어 기법을 사용하였다. 최적의 Smoothing 제어를 위한 필터 계수 값을 찾기 위한 시험을 진행 하였으며 Energy shift을 위한 정출력 시험도 진행 하였다. 또한 각 제어 모드에서 ESS 중요 파라미터인 SOC(State Of Charge 이하 SOC)변화를 배터리 특성과 관련하여 분석해 보았다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1209-1215
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• 2003

This study was carried out to establish a quantitative analysis method of separating immuno-activating substance (EN-SP) from Acanthopanax senticosus (A. senticosus) by competitive direct ELISA. Mouse antiserum (anti-EN-SP) against EN-SP was generated by immunization (s.c.) of EN-SP purified from A. senticosus as an immunogen. The titer of anti-EN-SP was about 1 : 400, and the optimal dilution of EN-SP-HRP conjugate was 1 : 1,000. When the standard curve was constructed by ELISA, its sensitivity was about $0.2{\mu}g/mL$. The coefficient variation of intra- and inter-assay were $6.13{\sim}8.81%$ and $6.73{\sim}8.60%$, respectively. According to the standard curve, the concentration of EN-SP in various senticosus extracts was found to be only $59.85\;{\mu}g$ in 10mg of extract from the bark of A. senticosus. Similarly, the immunostimulating activity to produce $TNF-{\alpha}$ or IL-12 among the various extracts of Acanthopanax was shown to be correlated with the content of EN-SP. These results demonstrated that competitive ELISA was a convenient, fast, reproducible, and accurate method for the determination of EN-SP as an immunologically active standard substance in extract of A. senticosus.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.645-652
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• 1986

For the analysis of equi-biaxial tension, the Lankford values at the various strain levels were measured experimentally at first. It was clarified that the R values depend on strain to a great extent and based on this result, the analysis of the equi-biaxial tension was carried out. Hill's new yield criterion was used to predict the stress-strain curves theoretically. The value of new parameter, m for the coincidence of the theory with the experiment was 2.1. It is desired that the optimum R-value in the case of m=2.1 is measured at strain, 15% for the reasonable correlation between theory and experiment.