• Journal of Korea Planning Association
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.27-48
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• 2019

The government has implemented housing welfare policy to ease low-income households' housing-cost burden and improve their quality of life. However, public housing residents and housing choice voucher recipients still show a high level of housing-cost burden. In this regard, this study aims to provide policy implications for current housing welfare policy by analyzing and comparing the factors that determine both subsidized and unsubsidized households' housing-cost burden. For the empirical analysis, this study uses "2017 Korea Housing Survey" and divides groups into public housing residents, housing choice voucher recipients, and unsubsidized low-income renters. We compared the level of housing-cost burden by employing t-test and chi-squared analyses and the factors affecting the housing-cost burden by employing logistic regression analyses between the three groups. According to the empirical analysis, the housing cost is the most burdensome for the housing choice voucher recipients group, followed by the unsubsidized low-income renters and public housing residents. In addition, the factors affecting housing-cost burden are different between the three groups. In case of public housing residents, housing characteristics usually affect the housing-cost burden. For housing choice voucher recipients and unsubsidized low-income renters, both housing and household characteristics influence the housing-cost burden. Looking at the detailed factors, except for the housing tenure and regional average rents that are common factors for all groups, the amount of deposit is an important factor for public housing residents, and household employment status is an important factor for both housing choice voucher recipients and unsubsidized low-income renters. The policy implications of this study are as follows: First, it is necessary to review the blind spot of the current housing welfare policy. Second, a comprehensive review of the housing choice voucher program is required. Third, it is necessary to make policy efforts to ease the level of housing-cost burden for renters. Fourth, a program is needed for those public housing residents who need a deposit support. Fifth, there should be further assistance with public housing for the poorest people.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.159-181
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• 2004

This study examines the realities and causes of youth and new college graduate unemployment, and seeks some assignments for mitigating youth and new college graduate unemployment. An analysis of the realities and causes of youth and new college graduate unemployment is summarized as follows. First, youth unemployment rate, which rapidly increased after the IMF economic crisis, slowly decreased after 2000, but was still somewhat higher in 2002 than that before the IMF. Second, new college graduate unemployment rate, which rapidly increased after the IMF economic crisis, slowly decreased after 2000 and became a similar level to that before the IMF economic crisis, but the number of the unemployed new college graduates highly increased after the IMF. Third, an analysis of the causes of youth unemployment shows that economic growth and the employment elasticity of economic growth negatively affect the unemployment rate, and the rate of entrance into colleges positively affects the unemployment rate. Fourth, an analysis of the causes of new college graduate unemployment demonstrates that economic growth and the employment elasticity of economic growth negatively affect the unemployment rate, and the increase rate of new college graduates, the college graduate/youth population ratio, and the time trend positively affect the unemployment rate. These results suggest several implications for mitigating the unemployment rate of the youth and new college graduates. First, in order to increase labor demand, emphasis must be placed on preparing economic conditions which can raise economic growth rate and on fostering industries and occupations which have high employment elasticity. Second, in the aspect of labor supply, it is necessary to adjust the number of new college graduates corresponding to labor demands in industries. Third, in order to redress the mismatch between the demand and the supply of the youth labor market, attention should be paid to remedying educational systems such as the activation of vocational education and training in middle and high schools and the reformation of college education to match the education and training provided in colleges and the skills requirements of the world of work, and preparing a unified program to support the youth unemployed systematically and synthetically.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.5-33
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• 2018

A self-sufficiency service has worked as a typical workfare policy combined with public assistance in Korea since 2000. Despite of its long history, three core pillars in administrating the self-sufficiency service, policy, research, and practice, have respectively understood the meaning of self-sufficiency in terms of their own interests. As a result, the self-sufficiency service has recently faced with its own identity issues by showing failures to its environmental changes. The current situation makes it necessary to reconceptualize the definition of self-sufficiency by exploring its in-depth understanding perceived by service providers. Specifically, we analyzed practical reflections on 35 service providers' experiences which were collected via focus group interviews for two hours. The study findings presented that service providers had two antithetical approaches towards self-sufficiency. While a dominant approach to self-sufficiency has been concentrated on improving clients' economic outcomes such as employment, job retention, the escape from welfare trap, and increasing earnings and assets, the other approach has been extended to empower clients and achieve their well-being and quality of life. Yet, these contrary perspectives have led to suffer from their role confusions and identity crisis between the work-ready process and the employment-oriented outcomes. Specifically, they described self-sufficiency in terms of psychological, social, and integrated aspects. The psychological aspect included a process of developing inner strengths, intensifying job motivation, and coping with barriers of employment. The social aspect meant a path toward social integration through recovering human relationships. The integrated aspect covered more comprehensive support for their recovery of daily life and autonomy to make a decision for their own life. In conclusion, the study findings suggest that self-sufficiency should be more extensively considered as a stepwise process towards work-ready preparations beyond ultimate economic outcomes. Such an extended concept of self-sufficiency could contribute to restructuring the whole practice of self-sufficiency including organizational and program changes in the fields.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.85-99
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• 2021

Due to the continuous unemployment problem, the number of jobs is gradually decreasing, and entrepreneurship is emerging as an alternative. This is because, despite the government operating various start-up support programs to build a start-up-friendly culture, young entrepreneurs cannot endure the valley of death and disappear. Therefore, through this study, we intend to provide implications by analyzing the impact on Entrepreneurial satisfaction, which is essential for continuously running a business, and life satisfaction, which can act as a social awareness. This study was conducted with 573 non-wage workers who belonged to the founders among the participants of the 'College Graduation Occupational Migration Path Survey(GOMS)' survey provided by the Korea Employment Information Service. In order to analyze the relationship between entrepreneurial competency and job fit, Entrepreneurial satisfaction, and life satisfaction, the analysis was conducted using the SPSS 23.0 program. The main research results are summarized as follows. First, entrepreneurial competency has a positive effect on Entrepreneurial satisfaction and life satisfaction. Second, job fit indicates a moderating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial competency and Entrepreneurial satisfaction. Third, start-up satisfaction appears to have a partial mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial competency and life satisfaction. Fourth, as a result of analyzing the difference between groups according to the type of start-up(single/partnership), the group that worked together showed higher Entrepreneurial satisfaction and life satisfaction. The main implications of this study are: First, in order to increase the Entrepreneurial satisfaction and life satisfaction of university graduates who are the subject of the study, it will be necessary to design a program that can diagnose and enhance the entrepreneurial competency of students at the university level. Second, entrepreneurial competency is a basic intrinsic factor that founders must have, and it should act as an important evaluation factor when selecting founders for support programs from start-up support organizations as well as founders. Third, it is necessary to maintain mutual trust by documenting problems (positions, wages, management rights, distribution of profits, etc.) that may occur in joint ventures with objective data. Fourth, it is necessary to establish an environment in which the MZ generation, armed with the challenging spirit and creativity, can continue to take on challenges even if they fail.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate needs and satisfaction on the medical services of cancer patients in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. Methods: Total 174 cancer patients, who visited at the clinic of Jeju National University Hospital, submitted informed consent and participated in this study from July 13 to July 30, 2009. Self questionnaire was used and data were analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Participants expressed the needs of most economical support (3.38 out of 4), followed by counseling of treatment plan (3.22), information of disease (3.07), and disease management except cancer (2.97). Participants were satisfied most with religious counseling (3.41), followed by nursing service support (3.39), employment counseling (3.26), and counseling for family or interpersonal relationships (3.26). The satisfaction of economical support was the lowest (1.98). Satisfaction of men was higher than women, and needs in patients who were living with children was the highest. Patients who were living alone or with children showed the lowest satisfaction about the medical services. There were no significant differences in the general characteristics, however, participants who were older than 60 years of age or had higher income showed lower needs and higher satisfaction. There were no significant differences in the medical characteristics, however, thyroid cancer patients and patients who were treated with radiation therapy or transarterial embolization showed low satisfaction. Conclusion: Cancer patients seemed to need more economical support, information of treatment or disease, and symptom management. Furthermore, there were various needs about the services, depending on family formation or economical support of patients. Therefore, it is certain that patients who were suffering from other cancers, except the 5 major cancers, needed more services. In conclusion, continuous and systemic policy to consider patient's characteristics and needs are needed in community as well as health care system.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.164-179
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• 1991

Korean agriculture has encountered two problems. One is internal income disparity between rural and urbarn area and the other is external Uruguay Round trade problems as an abolition of direct and indirect import barriers, reduction in export subsidies and to reduce internal price supports. These problems will be brought severe farm problems such as decreasing farm household income and repressing agricultural growth in the near future. Considering the above inevitable facts Korean government has implemented several development projects such as rural industrial area development project, rural special production area development project, leisuresight seeing farm development project, traditional food development project, unskilled labor training project for off-farm employment and so on, to increase farm household income through off-farm income increase. This study was mainly concentrated on the identification of operational problems and post evaluation of the rural special production area development projects which aimed at increasing non-farm incomes and giving employment opportunity for rural farmers in small factories processing regional special farm products and mine products. The main findings and problems to be solved for the successful project implementation are as followed ; 1. Total number of the special production area development projects as of the end of 1991 was amount to 138, and total number of farm household participated were estimated at 2,079, and total amount of off-farm income per farm household was reached to 3,011 thousand won. 2. The total number of processed special products have increased from 21 items in 1981 to 56 items in 1991. On the other hand the total number of farm household participated in the projects have decreased from 2,518 to 2,079 during same period. 3. Total amount of investment for the projects has increased from 1,429 million won in 1981 to 24,760 million won in 1991 but the rate of G'T loan of the total investment has reduced from 24.5% to 5.2% during same period. 4. 138 special production area development project are classified into 6 kinds of commodity groups such as 19 of general industrial good production areas, 52 of folks-industrial art objects production areas, 39 of food processing areas, 9 of fiber and texstile processing areas, 18 of agricultural and fishery inputs processing areas and 1 of stone processing area. 5. The total production value in 1990 was estimated 20,169 million won of which export was amount to 2,627 million won. 6. The finacial rate of return of the UNGOK KUGIJA Tea processing Project operated by UNGOK coops and BAKSAN ginseng tea processing project were estimated at 45.4% (B/C Ratio=1.17, NPV=152.5 million won) and 17.7% (B/C Ratio=1.12, NPV=120.2 million won) respectively. 7. More favorite terms and condition of the loan including collateral problems have to be given to farmers participated. Heavy investment and G'T subsidy policies should be started for the successful project implementation anf farm household income increase. 8. To expand market demand of the rural special goods G'T have to provide special program of TV or other mass media for commodity propaganda and the total cost concerned must be supported by G'T subsidy. 9. The special farm products as GUGUJA,MOSI'Ramie', Ginseng. SOGOKJU,HEMP,Mushroom.DUGYUNJU and Chesnut processing projects have to be propelled and expanded for off-farm income increase in Chung Nam Province. 10. Direct operational pattern of the special production area by coops is more favorable to farmers and recommendable considering with off-farm income increase and market demand creation throughout Korea. 11. In rural area, special organizations for project appraisal are not exist. Accordingly special training program, project appraisal, formulation and preparation for civil servants concerned have to be prepared for project selection and sound implementation under limited budget and financial support.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-28
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• 2022

Korean Government Budget Supports for startups have been spiked and resulted in increasing the number and scaling up Startup Accelerating managers. It have skyrocketed the strong demand for their qualified roles. However, unclear role description and gap between required role and their capability have discouraged startup manager's self-efficacy resulted in declining their full commitment and causing poor role performance. The focus of this research falls on empirical analysis to the effect of startup accelerating manager's capability characteristics on their full commitment and performance to start-up support groups. This research is expected to deliver diverse policy alternatives to build up manager's core competencies to accelerate their self-efficacy leading their full role commitments and finally pushing up policy performance. In addition, this research will found more strong literature review for the following researches in this emerging fields. This research is brought four highlighting results with respect to four research problems. First, it propose proper concept of startup accelerating manager based upon its legal entitlement. Second, it drive required core competencies of manager for successful their accountability. Third, it analyze the unique features of startup accelerating manger's capabilities against business incubation manger. Fourth, it empirically analyze in coming with government startup funding, the effect of self-efficacy including employment status, job environment, etc. on their organizational commitment and job performance. This research reveal the required unique core competencies of manger into founder sourcing ability, project managing ability, startup proving and pivoting ability, consulting ability for successful investment raising. As of this empirical research results, First, manager's ability have positively effect on their job performance, full commitment, and self-efficacy. Second, self-efficacy have a mediating effect on manager's ability, job performance, full commitment. This research derive key policy implication of requiring to build up more accelerating ability, of manager from the basics to advance level by customized and algorithm based traing program. This accelerating ability buildup program will not only surge self-efficacy of manger resulting in making full commitment and better job performance, but also devote to categorizing the unique new feature and position of manger as seed investment and supporter.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.429-436
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze factors relationship between dental caries experience and obesity among elementary school of student's in oral health clinic to provide empirical data for school of oral health program. The subjects of this study consists of 235 elementary school student's in Gyeongsan area. The data were collected from July 1 to 30, 2011 by self-administrative questionnaires. Increased with age in the lower level dental caries experience. Dental caries experience and obesity realted to were not with Mother's employment status, education level, economic level each other. Number of weekly exercise normal weight (9.4%) than obesity weight (21.5%) was higher in the 0 times. The obesity and dental caries experience was not associated with each other. The results suggest that social and demographic variation and regardless of don't home care made in support do student's oral and health care school health in terms of how much management so school oral health clinics later gradually enlarge and systematic a national policy will be implemented.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.69-94
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• 2010

With the liberalization of distribution services industry since 1996 as well as changes in customers' appetite to spend and consumer behaviors, new forms of distribution services have mushroomed such as superstores and SSM(Super Supermarket), online shopping, TV shopping channels. On the contrary, traditional markets have sunk into a swamp of stagnation. As this stage of stagnation of markets negatively affects tradespeople's employment, livings, and local economy, the Korean government has conducted policies to support improvement of market facilities and management since 2004. However, the government has separated facility improvement from management improvement. As of June 2008, there are 1,550 traditional markets in Korea and among these there are 388 public markets which local governments have established and managed. Public markets have possibilities to be developed as successful models of market revitalization since they can get all-expenses-paid supports for facility improvement, control of merchandise assortment, educational program for merchants. Such successful (strategic hub) markets could become the benchmark for other neighboring markets and tradespeople which could lead other successful cases. In order to produce such effects, the market should have optimized facilities, merchandise and services, co-marketing strategies with nearby markets, group purchase strategies. The hub market could play a critical role in distribution of local goods and developing high value products.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.177-189
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• 2017

The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors which effect the intention to reemploy after the retirement and the mediation effect of the social capitalism for retired and prospective retired baby boomers. Starting from 2010, baby boomers have been retiring at a large scale. However retirement at a large scale without securing provision for fiancial wise in later life can lead to many issues regarding social and fiancial wise such as instability of labour market and increase of spending in society welfare cost and such on. Change of individual's self prospective and institutional support to help prepare find new career for next 3decade after the retirement needs to be concretized. The results of this study suggest that the management orientation affects the social capital positively and the autonomous orientation does not affect the relationship between career orientation and social capital. In terms of the relationship between career orientation and reemployment intention, management orientation does not affect the intention of the entrepreneur but affects the reemployment intention positively, while the autonomous intention affects neither entrepreneurial intention nor reemployment intention (+), Respectively. Social capital has a positive effect on the intention of reemployment, and the mediating effect of social capital on the relationship between career orientation and reemployment. Also, while in the work force, potential retiring baby boomer workers should be systematically supported with education, training and reemployment program based on individual's career orientation and allowing them to stay for a longer period in the labour market can be the implication to the solution for the economic stability and increasing social cost such as public pensions.