• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.587-598
• /
• 1999

In recent years emissions of pollutants from ship sources, especially NOx and SOx, is controlled by IMO(International Maritime Organization). The emissions of pollutants from ship sources in Pusan is considerably large, because the number of ship's coming and going in Pusan port is larger than that of other ports in Korea. Since Pusan is under the strong influence of land-sea breezes, pollutants emitted from ship sources will be transported into the inland. Control of emissions from ship sources is required to devise effectively the policy of air quality management in Pusan. Therefore this paper considered the present condition of total pollutant sources and emission characteristics including in coastal urban area.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.124-129
• /
• 2002

Invertigation electromagnetic emissione of inverter power sources resistance welding existing special aspects of EMI measurements in the field of resistance welding machines resulting from the power rating and operation mode of these machines have to be taken into account. The characteristics of the internal switching processes determined by the behavior of the applied power semiconductors, sunbber circuits and constructional aspect exert a great influence on the conducted emission welding inverters.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.146-157
• /
• 2015

Emissions of ozone precursors ($NO_x$ and VOCs) and photochemical ozone creation potentials (POCPs) of VOC emission sources were investigated in the largest port city (i.e., Busan), Korea during the year 2011. This analysis was performed using the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS) national emission inventory provided by the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Korea. For $NO_x$, the emissions from off-road mobile sources in Busan were the most dominant (e.g., $31,202ton\;yr^{-1}$), accounting for about 60% of the total $NO_x$ emissions. The emission from shipping of off-road mobile sources (e.g., $24,922ton\;yr^{-1}$) was a major contributor to their total emissions, amounting to 47% of the total $NO_x$ emissions due to the port-related activities in Busan. For VOCs, the emission source category of solvent usage was predominant (e.g., $36,062ton\;yr^{-1}$), accounting for approximately 82% of the total VOC emissions. Out of solvent usages, the emission from painting was the most dominant ($22,733ton\;yr^{-1}$), comprising 52% of the total emissions from solvent usages. The most dominant VOC species emitted from their sources in Busan was toluene, followed by xylene, butane, ethylbenzene, n-butanol, isopropyl alcohol, and propane. The major emission sources of toluene and xylene were found to be painting of coil coating and ship building, respectively. The value of POCP for the off-road mobile source (61) was the highest in ten major activity sectors of VOC emissions. Since the POCP value of ship transport of off-road mobile source (72) was also high enough to affect ozone concentration, the ship emission can play a significant role in ozone production of the port city like Busan.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.276-285
• /
• 2010

Recently the Korean government has tried to cut down the $PM_{10}$ concentration by the Special Law for Air Quality Improvement. But the concentrations of $PM_{10}$ have exceeded the air quality standard at most monitoring stations. Primary $PM_{10}$ emitted from various sources and emission data have large uncertainty. The biomass burning is one of the major sources of $PM_{10}$ emission. The biomass burning is composed of wood stove usage, meat cooking and agricultural combustion etc.. Activity data and emission factors for the biomass burning are limited, and it is hard to calculate the air pollution emissions from these sources. In this study, we tried to estimate the air pollution emission from residential wood stove usage. The number of total wood stoves is estimated by the survey of wood stove manufacturer. And air pollution emission factors for the wood stove are investigated using the flue gas measurement by U.S. EPA particulate test method (Method 5G). As the results, the $PM_{10}$ and CO emission factors of wood stove are estimated as 7.7 g/kg-wood and 78.8 g/kg-wood respectively. The annual $PM_{10}$ and CO emissions from wood stove are calculated as 1,200~3,600 ton/year and 12,600~36,400 ton/year in Korea. It is confirmed that wood stove is the one of major sources of biomass burning, and the survey for activity data and the measurement for emission factors are needed for reducing the uncertainty of these emission data.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.740-747
• /
• 2007

The advanced wastewater treatment plant of leather industry was selected to evaluated with its effluent water quality and statistical characteristics. Most of pollutants removal efficiencies were over 90% as well. And 95% reliability of effluent concentration were 106.8 mg/L of $COD_{mn}$, 72.04 mg/L of TN. However Effluent quality of TN exceeds the regulated limit. The range of coefficient of variation (CV) were between 0.18 and 2.49. Also, coefficient of reliability (COR) were between $0.03(BOD_5){\sim}0.63(COD_{mn})$ and 0.43 in terms of T-N, $Z_{l-a}$(Normalized Percentiles) value were 55.7 and 2.25 in terms of $BOD_5$ and T-N as shown in the following table.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.515-524
• /
• 2005

In this study, the concentrations of major reduced sulfur compounds (RSC: $H_{2}S,\;CH_{3}SH$, DMS, $CS_2$ and DMDS) were determined from various emission sources of individual companies located within the Ban Wal industrial complex of Ansan city, Korea. We investigated the emission concentration levels of RSC from a total of 47 individual companies during June 2004 to January 2005. The results of our study indicate that the emission concentration levels of RSC vary in a highly complicated manner in relation with industrial sectors and emission source types. It was found that both $H_{2}S\;and\;CH_{3}SH$ make the highest contribution to nuisance in the leather industry. Likewise, DMS showed its maximum contribution from food production sector, while DMDS for chemical production sector. When the emission data sets were compared between different emission sources, regardless of industrial types or activities, $H_{2}S\;and\;CH_{3}SH$ concentrations were seen most significant at waste treatment process. The overall results of our study suggest that the emission concentrations of sulfur compounds can be used to distinguish different sources of malodor released by different industrial activities.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2012

We investigate the properties of OH, SiO, and $H_2O$ maser emission in O-rich AGB stars. We use a sample of 3373 objects, which is an updated version of the list of O-rich AGB stars presented in Suh & Kwon (2011). We divide the 3373 O-rich AGB stars into four different groups based on the maser emission: OH maser sources (1533), SiO sources (1627), $H_2O$ sources (452), and sources with no maser (610). To understand the nature of the maser sources, we present various infrared two-color diagrams (2CDs) using IRAS, 2MASS, and AKARI data. For each group, we compare the positions on various infrared 2CDs with theoretical models. We find that the OH maser sources generally show larger color indices and larger dust optical depths than SiO or $H_2O$ sources. We suggest that the differences of the color indices for different maser sources are due to different mass-loss rates and dust formation processes.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.47-50
• /
• 2004

Diesel engines are the major sources of pollutants in the cities and each country is trying to enforce their emission regulations to reduce the diesel emissions. Expecially Commercial diesel engines have large displacement and they are the major sources of diesel emissions in the cities. This paper introduces the major countries' Diesel Engine Regulations and explains the emission reduction technologies that are currently applied and will be applied in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.813-826
• /
• 1999

To understand the present status of air pollutant emission data for the greater Seoul area, existing air pollutant emission data were analyzed and compared. For the criteria pollutants, estimation methods of emissions from point, line, and area sources adopted in the previous studies were analyzed and their results were compared. Two sets of VOC emission estimation were also compared and analyzed. There exists a large discrepancy among previous emission data due to the differences in the scope of emission sources and the estimation method including emission factors employed in each estimation. Applications of previous air pollutant emission studies for air quality modeling and related problems were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.361-367
• /
• 1996

In order to accurately predict air pollution concentration according to reduction of air pollutant emission, a numerical model is needed. And the total emission amount of air pollutants should be estimated to explain the air pollution phenomena. The characteristics of the emission amount from area, line, and point sources in Pusan were studied by using emission data during one year (1992). The result showed that the annual total emission amount of pollutant is about 299,744 tons in Pusan. The emission consists of 31.8% of $SO_2$, 48.4% of CO, 4.6% of HC, 11.0% of NOx and 4.1% of TSP, as well as 52.1% of line, 24.1% of area and 23.7% of point sources. The result also showed that emission amount becomes larger in winter than that of the others.