• 환경영향평가
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.318-337
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• 2023

본 연구는 시스템다이내믹스를 활용하여 미세먼지 저감 정책이 미세먼지 농도와 건강에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 시스템다이내믹스는 미세먼지 발생원, 저감 정책, 미세먼지 농도, 건강영향 간의 동태적이며 순환적인 관계의 모델링을 구축할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 연구에서는 국내의 대표적 미세먼지 저감 정책인 산업부문 미세먼지 배출규제, 디젤차 규제, 전기차 확대, 공원·녹지면적 확대를 대상으로 정책 시나리오를 작성하여 현재 추세가 유지될 때와의 2030년 기준 결과를 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 전기차 지원정책은 0.21㎍/m³의 PM₁₀ 농도 저감과 494명의 순환기계 질환자 수 감소 효과가 있었으며 전국적으로 고르게 효과가 나타났다. 산업 배출량 규제 시나리오에서는 0.22㎍/m³의 가장 높은 PM₁₀ 농도가 감소하였으나 전기차 지원보다 적은 질환자 수 감소 효과(358명)가 나타났는데 이는 해당 정책이 충북 단양군, 부산 사하구 등 일부 공업지역을 중심으로 높은 미세먼지 저감 효과를 보였기 때문이다. 이러한 결과는 지역의 배출원 특성에 맞는 정책 선정의 필요성을 제시하였다.

• 기술사
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.46-50
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• 1982

Following rapid industrial development and urbanization in Korea, there is a need for the Government to implement effective control of pollution and to undertake specific schemes in areas where pollution of the environment is severe. In response to this need, Government of Korea prepare Han River Basin Environmental Master Plan Project for water, air, solid waste to cover environmental protection of the Han River Basin. The Project area is approximately 27,000 sq. Km extending over Seoul, Kyunggi, Kwangwon, Chungbuk Province. The total population of Master Plan Project area is approximately 11.6 million, or one-third of the total population of Korea. There are about 8,000 industries, including those located in 16 industrial complexes, in the project area. The scope of work and terms of reference are the following: (1) A Summary of existing land use and forecasts for changes in land use by the year 2,000. (2) Emission inventories for air, waste water, and solid wastes. (3) Forecasts of future population growth patterns and pollution loadings. (4) Identification of specific projects needs to reduce pollution levels and satisfy the environmental quality standards. (5) A Program of enforcement to include (i) self monitoring, and (ii) governmental inspections and surveillance. (6) A program for quality improvement and quality assurance of environmental measurements. (7) Reports summarizing all data collected analyzed during the study. (8) Conceptual design and feasibility studies, including cost estimates, for needed pollution control projects. (9) A financial plan for future detailed design and construction of public facilities, for financial incentives to industry, and for user charges for industrial use of public treatment of disposal works.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.73-90
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• 2016

기후 변화는 전지구적인 대응이 필요한 글로벌 문제이다. 기후 변화에 대한 주요 대책 중에 하나인 온실가스(GHG) 배출량은 국제 사회의 관심을 받고 있다. 기후 변화를 해결하기 위한 중요한 글로벌 노력 중 하나는 적용 할 규칙, 규범, 원칙과 절차를 포함하는 국제 기후 변화 체제의 확립이다. 국제해사기구(IMO) 협약 및 해양법에 관한 유엔 협약은 또한 해양에서의 온실가스 배출규제를 함께 제공한다. IMO는 위임받은 권한을 행사하기 위해서 규제 이니셔티브를 개발했다. 한편, 중국은 배출통제구역(ECA)을 설정하는 새로운 항만 규제를 발표하였다. 원양구역을 항행하는 선박 등에서 배출되는 오염을 통제하기 위해서 주강삼각주, 장강삼각주, 발해만 등 일원에 황함유 0.5% 이하의 연료유를 사용하도록 하였다. 이 연구에서는 IMO 및 중국 항만에서의 새로운 온실가스 규제를 분석하여 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 이러한 규제를 통해 중국의 해운업계는 국제 해운 시장의 온실가스 대책에서 상당한 영향을 미치게 될 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2019

국제해사기구(IMO) 2020 규정에 의해, 2020년 1월부터 지정된 배출규제해역 밖을 운항하는 선박도 황 함유량이 0.5% 이하인 저유황유를 사용하여야한다. 고가의 저유황유 소비를 최소화하기 위해 에너지저감 장치의 도입이 시급하며, 그 중에서도 상반회전 프로펠러 시스템이 가장 효과적이라고 알려져 있다. 상반회전 프로펠러를 구동하는 축계는 내축과 외축으로 구성되고 상호 영향을 주는 시스템으로 하나의 축으로 이루어진 일반 축계 시스템보다 훨씬 복잡하며 무거운 구조이다. 국내에서는 처음으로 상반회전 프로펠러 축계 시스템을 장착하기 위해 37K 정유운반선 용 상반회전 프로펠러 축계의 초기 설계가 진행되었다. 본연구의 목적은 초기 설계의 선급승인을 위해 베어링 반력해석을 수행하여, 저널 베어링이 선급에서 요구하는 설계기준을 만족하는지를 검증하는 것이다. 프로펠러의 추력은 축 중심에 작용하는 것이 이상적이지만, 선미부 선체 형상에 의해 발생하는 불균일한 반류 등의 영향으로 추력 편심이 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 추력 편심을 반영한 하중조건을 적용하여 축계해석을 수행하였고, 그 결과를 선급 요구 설계기준과 비교하였다.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.229-234
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• 2008

The new millennium has started with several innovations driven by fast evolution of the technologies in energy sector. A strong impulse towards the diffusion of new economical efficient technologies regulatory incentives related to energy production from renewable source and a small scale building trigeneration and to promotion of more sustainable environmental-friendly generation solutions, the evolution of electricity markets, more and more binding local emission constraints, and the need for improving the security of supply to reduce the energy system vulnerability. The 24 percentage energy quantify of total energy consumption consumes in commercial buildings and residential houses and the 30% portion of total $CO_2$ emissions covers also in the commercial buildings and residential houses sector. To cope with efficiently this energy sinuation in building sector, Building microgrid or building tooling, heating & power(BCHP) system has been interested in recent day due to meeting thermal and electric energy requirements efficiently and with appropriate energy quality. A multi agent system is a collective of intelligent agents that communicate with each other and work cooperatively to achieve common goals. Also, it is to medicate and coordinate communication between Control Areas and Security Coordinators for teal-time control of the BCHP system and the power pid. In this new circumstance, it is very important to integrate the power and energy delivery system and the information system(communication, networks, and intelligent equipment) that controls it. Therefore, development of smart control modules with open communication protocol and seamlessly interchange the data and information between control network and data network including extranet and intranet give a great meanings. We designed and developed the TCP/IP-CAN IED agent modules and ModBus./LonTalk/(TCP/IP) IED agent ones to configure the multi-agent system based smart energy network of commercial buildings and also intelligent algorithms for inverter fault diagnostics which ran be operated in control level or agent level network.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2022

In Korea, five major ports have been designated as sulfur oxide emission control areas to reduce air pollutant emissions, in accordance with Article 10 of the "Special Act on Port Air Quality" and Article 32 of the "Ship Pollution Prevention Regulations". As regulations against vessel-originated air pollutants (such as PM, CO2, NOx, and SOx) have been strengthened, the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries(MOF) enacted rules that newly built public ships should adopt eco-friendly propulsion systems. However, particularly in diesel-electric hybrid propulsion systems,the demand for precise control schemes continues to grow as the fuel saving rate significantly varies depending on the control strategy applied. The conventional Power Take In-Power Take Off(PTI - PTO) mode control adopts a rule-based strategy, but this strategy is applied only in the low-load range and PTI mode; thus, an additional method is required to determine the optimal fuel consumption point. The proposed control method is designed to optimize fuel consumption by applying the equivalent consumption minimization strategy(ECMS) to the PTI - PTO mode by considering the characteristics of the specific fuel oil consumption(SFOC) of the engine in a diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system. To apply this method, a specific fishing vessel model operating on the Korean coast was selected to simulate the load operation environment of the ship. In this study, a 10.2% reduction was achieved in the MATLAB/SimDrive and SimElectric simulation by comparing the fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of the ship to which the conventional rule-based strategy was applied and that to which the ECMS was applied.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.573-583
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• 2005

Fugitive dust, which is emitted in the ambient air without first passing through a stack or duct designed to control flow, is frequently generated by means of wind erosion from storage yards at Pohang Steel Wokrs. The size distribution of fugitive dust is mostly in the range of coarse particulate which is deposited as soon as emitted and less harm to human health; however $20\%$ of fugitive dust contains PM 10 known as one of most harmful airborne pollutant. Consequently, effective control and reduction of fugitive dust is strongly requested by the local society, but it is not easy so far because the generation and dispersion of fugitive dust highly depends on meteorological conditions, and it being occurred for irregularity. This research presented a fugitive dust control system for each meteorological condition by providing statistical prediction data obtained from a statistical analysis on the probability of generating the threshold velocity at which the fugitive dust begins to occur, and the frequency occurring by season and by time of the wind direction that can generate atmospheric pollution when the dispersed dust spreads to adjacent residential areas. The research also built a fugitive dust detection system which monitors the weather conditions surrounding storage yards and the changes in air quality on a real-time basis and issues a warning message by identifying a situation where the fugitive dust disperses outside the site boundary line so that appropriate measures can be taken on a timely basis. Furthermore, in respect to the spraying of water to prevent the generation of fugitive dust from the storage piles at the storage yard, an advanced statistical meteorological analysis on the weather conditions in Pohang area and a case study of fugitive dust dispersion toward outside of working field during $2002\∼2003$ were carried out in order to decide an optimal water-spraying time and the number of spraying that can prevent the origin of fugitive dust emission. The results of this research are expected to create extremely significant effects in improving surrounding environment through actual reduction of the fugitive dust produced from the storage yard of Pohang Steel Works by providing a high-tech warning system capable of constantly monitoring the leakage of fugitive dust and water-spray guidance that can maximize the water-spraying effects.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.453-467
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• 2000

The aim of this research is to collect and characterize fine particles (FPM:$\leq$2.5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) and coarse particles (CPM: 2.5~10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) using a low volume air sampler provided by the IAEA, at urban (Taejon) and rural area(Wonju) for a period of about two years(April 1996 to May 1998) and to promote a use of nuclear analytical techniques for air pollution studies. For the collection of airborne particulate matter (PM(sub)10), the Gent stacked filter unit sampler and polycarbonate membrane filters were employed. The concentration of trace elements in collected APM samples were determined byu instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis. For validation of the analytical data, internal quality control were implemented by using both the comparison of the analytical results of standard reference materials(NIST SRM 1648) and interlaboratory comparison for proficiency test (NAT-3). The standard uncertainty was less than 15% and Z-score of two samples were within $\pm$1. The monitoring of (PM(sub)10) mass concentration and elemental concentrations were carried out weekly. The average mass concentration of (PM(sub)10) in urban and rural areas were 59.2$\pm$36.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ and 41.4$\pm$23.7$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥, respectively. To investigate the emission source, the enrichment factors were calculated for the fine and coarse particle fractions at two sites, respectively and these values were classified for anthropogenic and soil origin elements.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.89-102
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to seek AEI(Air Environmental Indices), PSI(Pollutant Standard Index) and the urban air quality control goal(the best available alternative energy program) by assessing the best ratio of energy types used in urban enterprises, based on harmful health effect and air quality standard and costs. This study is focused on an urban area(Puchun), where area sourcees are associated with heavy traffic, large population, and its industrial sources with large emissions. In the first step, air modeling, estimation of AEI and PSI, and benefit-cost analysis were carried out. In the second step, we assessed that 660 scenarios about the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in urban enterprises with regard to air quality and cost. In the third step, the best available alternative energy program was selected for the ratio of energy species(B-C oil, light oil and LNG) by using the lexicographic method. From the emission analysis, main source of $NO_2$ is identified as industries and air quality is evaluated according to the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in urban enterprise. The modeling data of TSP, $SO_2$, $NO_2$, CO, $O_3$, by ISC3 and PBM are respectively $118{\mu}g/m^3$, 0.027ppm, 0.025ppm, 2.0ppm, 0.55ppm in indurstrial area. That data are close to Environmental Air Quality Standard. By means of sensitivity analysis, we obtained the difference in concentration between the areas(Nae-dong, Joong-dong) according to the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in the industries. From the result of alternatives assessment the lowest AEI value and cost, the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG are 2.5%, 20%, 77.5%, respectively.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2005년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.6
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• pp.581-582
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• 2005

In order to apply the discharge plasma processing. to industrial areas, the control of the chemical reaction mechanism is necessary. The hybrid plasma reactor was designed for the effective treatment of wastewater and hazardous volatile organic substances. This plasma reactor was similar to the barrier discharge, and surface discharge on the dielectric surface was propagated to the water surface strongly for the heterogeneous chemical reaction at the interface between the working gas and the water surface. The discharge emission in this discharge reactor was mainly $N_2$ second positive band in the case of $N_2$ or air gas atmosphere, and intensities from OH radicals in Ar gas atmosphere were stronger than in $N_2$ or air gas atmosphere. From this result, it is necessary to apply Ar gas for the effective generation of OH radicals in this plasma reactor.