• BMB Reports
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2009

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly prevalent worldwide. The major challenge for current antiviral treatment is the elevated drug resistance that occurs via rapid viral mutagenesis. In this study, we developed AAV vectors to simultaneously deliver two or three shRNAs targeting different HBV-related genes. These vectors showed markedly better antiviral effects than ones that delivered a single shRNA in vitro. A dual shRNA expression vector (AAV-157i/1694i), which simultaneously expressed two shRNAs targeted the S and X genes of HBV, reduced HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA levels by $87{\pm}4$, $80.3{\pm}2.6$ and $86.2{\pm}7%$ respectively, eight days post-transduction. In a mouse model of prophylactic treatment, HBsAg and HBeAg were reduced to undetectable levels and the serum HBV DNA level was reduced by at least 100 fold. These results indicate that AAV-157i/1694i generates potent anti-HBV effects and that the strategy of constructing multi-shRNA expression vectors may lead to enhanced anti-HBV efficacy and overcome the evading mechanism of the virus and thus the development of drug resistance.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제35권5_6호
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• pp.372-372
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• 2000

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.356-367
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• 2022

Background: The emergence of new infectious diseases threatens public health, increasing socioeconomic damage, and national risks. This study aimed to develop an evidence-based risk assessment tool to quickly respond to new infectious diseases. Methods: The risk elements were extracted by reviewing the risk assessment methods of the World Health Organization, United States, Europe, United Kingdom, and Germany, and the validity and priority of elements were determined through expert meetings and Delphi surveys. Then, the scale and level for each risk element were defined and a final score calculation method according to the risk evaluation result was derived. The developed risk assessment tool was verified using data at the time of domestic transmission of an emerging infectious disease. Results: In case of spread of actual infectious diseases, priority is determined based on the criticality of the elements in each area of transmissibility and severity, from which the weighted score of the risk assessment is derived. Then, the risk score for each element was calculated by multiplying the average value of the risk evaluation by its weight and the evaluation risk assessment score for the two areas was calculated. At last, the final score is plotted in a matrix where the x-axis indicates the transmissibility and the y-axis the severity and plotted on the coordinate plane for time series use. Conclusion: With respect to transmissibility and severity, this risk assessment method to respond to new and re-emerging infectious diseases enables rapid and evidence-based evaluation by quantitatively and qualitatively assessing various risk elements.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.763-766
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• 2013

A synthetic peptide was prepared based on the antigenic region of Paragonimus westermani pre-procathepsin L, and its applicability for immunodiagnosis for human paragonimiasis (due to Paragonimus heterotremus) was tested using an ELISA to detect IgG4 antibodies in the sera of patients. Sera from other helminthiases, tuberculosis, and healthy volunteers were used as the references. This peptide-based assay system gave sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values of 100%, 94.6%, 96.2%, 100%, and 88.9%, respectively. Cross reactivity was frequently seen against the sera of fascioliasis (75%) and hookworm infections (50%). Since differential diagnosis between paragonimiasis and fascioliasis can be easily done by clinical presentation and fascioliasis serology, this cross reaction is not a serious problem. Sera from patients with other parasitoses (0-25%) rarely responded to this synthetic antigen. This synthetic peptide antigen seems to be useful for development of a standardized diagnostic system for paragonimiasis.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.66-79
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to derive the elements for effectively improving the management of emerging infectious diseases in the emergency room in large general hospitals. Methods: This research involved an analytic hierarchy process analysis of 10 experienced nurses working in a large general hospital located in the Seoul metropolitan area. The weighted values of the criteria for evaluating the importance of the management elements of patients with emerging infectious diseases in the emergency room of large general hospitals were derived using an analytic hierarchy process survey. Results: The results of the analytic hierarchy process analysis showed that experts considers responsiveness (0.291) as most important with respect to the criteria for the policy for isolation and control of infectious patients. The order of importance of the criteria for the policy for isolation and control of infectious patients were as follows: responsiveness (0.291), economical efficiency (0.257), feasibility (0.242), and sustainability (0.209). Subsequently, the weighted values of the management of the policy elements were determined based on the derived importance of the criteria mentioned above. These were, in order of priority, the construction of communication channels with the government authorities when dealing with emerging infectious diseases (15.9%), the equipment and provision of personal protective equipment to protect nurses from infection and dissemination of material (14.6%), and the operation of the isolation room and patient separation systems (14.1%). Conclusion: This study suggests critical strategies for infection control during a pandemic of emerging infectious disease.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.411-414
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• 2017

Antimicrobial resistance and emerging infectious diseases, including avian influenza, Ebola virus disease, and Zika virus disease have significantly affected humankind in recent years. In the premodern era, no distinction was made between animal and human medicine. However, as medical science developed, the gap between human and animal science grew deeper. Cooperation among human, animal, and environmental sciences to combat emerging public health threats has become an important issue under the One Health Initiative. Herein, we presented the history of One Health, reviewed current public health threats, and suggested opportunities for the field of public health through better understanding of the One Health paradigm.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.816-827
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• 2021

이 연구는 국내에서 2000년 이후 주요 발생한 신종감염병(사스, 신종플루, 메르스, 코로나19) 유행 당시 대중매체 메시지가 표출한 공포, 분노 감정과 주요 이슈 사이의 관계를 파악함을 목적으로 한다. 연구자는 중앙 일간지의 사설을 주요 신종감염병 유행 시기별로 수집하여, 계량적텍스트분석 방법을 활용한 확장병렬처리모형(EPPM)을 통해 분석하였다. 모든 신종감염병 유행 시기에 공포는 분노에 비해 강하게 나타나지만, 공포의 비중이 작을수록 위험통제 가능성이 큰 메시지가 생산된다. 공포는 주로 신종감염병 자체, 경제적 혼란을 향하며, 분노는 정부 등 방역 주체나 집단감염 발생 조직, 감염병 관련 정보의 은폐 등 정보불균형 문제를 다루는 특징이 나타난다. 이 과정에서 공동체 안보를 위협하는 사건, 대상을 향한 분노가 강하게 표출된다. 이때 분노는 방역 조치를 정당화할 수 있는 근거로 작용하기도 하나, 소수자 및 사회적 약자 혐오 담론의 토대가 될 수 있는 양면성을 가질 수 있음을 주목할 필요가 있다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.380-388
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• 2022

Background: Emerging infectious diseases, such as Middle East respiratory syndrome or coronavirus disease 2019, pose a continuous threat to public health, making a risk assessment necessary for infectious disease control and prevention. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the risk assessment methods for infectious diseases used by major foreign countries and organizations. Methods: We conducted an investigation and comparative analysis of risk assessment and risk determination methods for infectious diseases. The risk assessment tools included the strategic toolkit for assessing risks, influenza risk assessment tool, pandemic severity assessment framework, and rapid risk assessment methodology. Results: The most frequently reported risk elements were disease severity, antiviral treatment, attack rate, population immunity, and basic productive ratio. The risk evaluation method was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively by the stakeholders at each institution. Additionally, the final risk level was visualized in a matrix, framework, and x and y-axis. Conclusion: Considering the risk assessment tools, the risk element was classified based on the duplicate of each indicator, and risk evaluation and level of risk assessment were analyzed.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1999년도 제51차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.64-65
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• 1999

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.42.1-42.6
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• 2023

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is one of the most important emerging transboundary diseases. Recently, LSD has emerged in many countries in the northern hemisphere. The LSD virus has a huge genome and is highly resistant to environmental conditions. The virus is also host-specific and large ruminants, such as cattle and domestic water buffalo, are particularly susceptible. In addition, wild ruminants can serve as potential reservoirs for spreading the LSD virus. The emergence might be related to climate change in various regions because LSD is an arthropod-borne infectious disease. This disease causes enormous economic losses, such as leather damage, decreased milk production, abortion, and death in infected ruminants. The economic importance of LSD in the bovine industry has forced countries to develop and implement control strategies against the disease. With the recent global spread and the economic impact, LSD will be discussed intensively. In addition, effective preventive measures are suggested based on the presence or absence of LSD outbreaks.