• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.223-235
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• 2014

Purpose: Resuscitation rooms in emergency department are places for time-critical tasks. This study aimed 1) to develop a resuscitation protocol for dyspneic patients and 2) to evaluate the effect of the resuscitation protocol for dyspneic patients in improving clinical performances. Methods: A panel of experts including emergency physicians and nurses developed a resuscitation protocol for dyspneic patients which included a list of critical interventions and time-limits. The resuscitation protocol was implemented in a emergency medical center for two months. Clinical performances of health care providers were compared by analyzing video-recorded clinical performances. Results: The resuscitation protocol consisted of four steps: Initial treatments within 5 minutes, main treatments within 15 minutes, diagnostic tests within 30 minutes, and disposition within 60 minutes. A total of 43 dyspneic patients (23 patients experimental group, 20 patients control group) were included for the analysis of the clinical performance change. Clinical performance rates were improved significantly from control group (66.71%) to experimental group (82.41%) after implementing the resuscitation protocol (Z=-3.09, p=.004). Conclusion: The resuscitation protocol developed for dyspneic patients improved clinical performance rates of health care providers. Further development of clinical protocols for other emergent cases at resuscitation rooms are strongly recommended.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2000

As technology advances rapidly, emergency medical dispatching systems must also advance. Optimal emergency medical dispatching requires the courage to practice medicine at dispatch. Modern emergency medical dispatch provides appropriate resource responses with the use of an (Advanced Medical priority Dispatch System(AMPDS) in U.S.A. The AMPDS is a systematic protocol for all aspects of the dispatch process. Based on the AMPDS chief complaint list, we initiated a basic design on pre-arrival instruction protocol and completed the scripted pre-arrival instruction protocol, using Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) protocol. Implementation of this study creates computerized emergency medical dispatching system for future enhancements, such as the AMPDS.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.79-89
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a standardized protocol of systematic and explicit roles and procedures for paramedics for the maternal and newborn management during prehospital emergency delivery situations. Methods: This study is a methodological study with detailed step-by-step items proposed by an expert group based on evidence from a literature review. The content validity of the proposed preliminary prehospital emergency delivery protocol was verified before the final protocol was confirmed. Results: All 23 detailed items of the preliminary protocol met the reference cut-off (CVI value of 0.8 or higher). After considering, revising, and supplementing expert opinions for each of the 23 items 23 detailed in the proposed protocols, four steps were confirmed. The steps included five items for the management of the imminent mother, 10 items for delivery progress, five items for newborn management, and three items for postpartum management of the mother. Conclusion: This study's findings may serve as reference for developing future specialized training programs for paramedics, to ensure enhanced competence in prehospital emergency delivery situations. The protocol should be reviewed and revised periodically to ensure currency.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.608-611
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• 2005

The existing wired emergency call such as 119, 112 have its own location information to serving immediate rescue service. For the case of wireless emergency call by mobile phone, the location information should be provided by wireless network. This paper describes the network architecture and protocol for mobile emergency service referring TIAlEWJ-SID-036-A with reviews about technical issues, legacy factors and related researches. The mobile emergency service is divided into mobile emergency rescue service and mobile emergency alert service. The network reference model for mobile emergency rescue service is released in KOREA. In this paper, the interfaces between elements of the network reference model, and service scenarios, message flows are defined. Supplement to mobile emergency rescue service, the network reference model, interfaces and message flows for mobile emergency alert service are developed. The protocol is described by DID, and the proposed works are on processing for domestic standard of TTA.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.185-193
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• 2010

This study aimed to develop a prehospital protocol on CPR to patients with nontraumatic cardiac arrest for emergency medical technicians. For the purpose, we prepared a protocol based on preliminary items and demonstrated its validity to confirm a final protocol from March 1, 2007- August 30. 2008. The practical CPR protocol on cardiac arrest victims can be used as means to support quick and exact decision-making on CPR, which will contribute to enhancement of emergency medical services.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.129-137
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• 2011

In this paper, a fast and reliable emergency broadcasting system for Advanced Television System Committee (ATSC) Mobile DTV is proposed. The proposed protocol is based on the Emergency Alert Message (EAM) standard currently used for cable TV emergency broadcasting in the United States. The protocol is implemented and evaluated to enable fast emergency information propagation. ATSC Mobile DTV enables digital mobile broadcasting without affecting the existing ATSC legacy digital TV system. Since ATSC Mobile DTV devices are mobile and self-powered, they can effectively propagate emergency information. The proposed emergency broadcasting protocol can be applied in all countries adopting the ATSC standard.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.84-90
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• 2022

With the popularization of autonomous driving technology, safety has emerged as a more important criterion. However, there are no assessment protocol or methods for AES (Autonomous Emergency Steering). So, this study proposes AES assessment protocol and scenario corresponding to collision avoidance Car-to-Car scenario of Euro NCAP in order to prepare for obstacles that appear after the emergency steering of LV (Leading Vehicle) avoiding obstacles in front of. Autoware-based autonomous driving stack is developed to test and simulate scenario in CARLA. Using developed stack, it is confirmed that obstacle avoidance is successfully performed in CARLA, and the AES performance of VUT (Vehicle Under Test) is evaluated by applying the proposed assessment protocol and scenario.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.139-150
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• 2022

Purpose: This protocol aims to improve the simplicity of the existing two-person cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by focusing on chest compressions and artificial respiration, and classifying the roles within the scope that can be observed. Methods: In this study, the protocol was developed by forming an expert group consisting of a professor from the emergency and rescue department, a professor from the nursing department, and a first aid officer from the fire department. In addition, if the number of panels is 15 and the derived content validity ratio (CVR) value exceeds 0.49, a reference point that satisfies content validity at 95% reliability is presented. Results: All 11 performance items exceeded the CVR value of 0.49 to meet the reference point, and the CVR range of this protocol is 0.625 to 1.000. Conclusion: In order to improve the quality of three-person CPR, verification of simulation models and continuous protocol revision should be conducted by individuals specializing in various fields.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.26-33
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• 2012

Please WBAN(Wireless Body Area Networks) is wireless communication of within 3 m radius from inside and outside of the body. WBAN is many uses IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol for WBAN MAC protocol requirements. IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol applies GTS(Guaranteed Time Slot) allocation scheme for guarantee packet delivery of application which requests QoS(Quality of Service). However, GTS allocation scheme of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol uses FIFS(First In First Service) queueing. So it reduces data transmission reliability and has many problems. Therefore, IEEE 802.15.4 applies not WBAN MAC protocol for emergency data transmission. In this paper, we proposes a priority based MAC protocol for emergency data transmission in wireless body area networks. the proposal MAC protocol sets priority the data. So GTS reqeuest throughput of emergency data increasing and GTS allocation delay of emergency data decreasing.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2011

The necessity for services of emergency communication systems to be uninterrupted and reliable has brought forward strict requirements for express software upgrades of base stations. Based on reconfigurability technology, this paper presents a protocol reconfiguration scheme for emergency communication base stations. By introducing the concept of 'local safe state,' the proposed scheme could make the updating and replacement of the protocol software flexible and maintain interactions during the updating procedure to achieve seamless system upgrades. Further, taking TETRA protocol stack and VxWorks operating system as an example, specific processes and realization methods of reconfiguration are proposed in this paper, along with the measurements of the factors impacting on the system performance. Simulation results show that, compared with traditional technology, the method proposed significantly improves the system efficiency and does not interrupt system services.