• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.862-867
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• 2016

In this study, the embroidery textile conductive wire of conductive yarn was designed into the wearable integrated clothing for sensing the infant's body temperature. To develop a high quality of the stable fiber-based textile conductive wire, firstly the five types of conductive yarns were twisted or covering polyester yarns and the coated conductive fiber with silver(Ag) or iron(Fe). As a result of comparative conductivity in conductive yarns of yarn processing, the 250 denier of conductive yarns with $0.74{\Omega}$/1~5cm were proposed and used for the integrated embroidery textile conductive wire for sensing. During experiments using the proposed embroidery textile conductive wire, measured resistance of thermistor according to the body temperature was correctly delivered to amplifier module, and showed feasible reliability of temperature sensing. As a wearable application, conductive yarns which takes forms of embroidery textile conductive wire would seems to be reliable as a conductive wire and could be replaced by the conductive metal wires.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated the necessary mechanical properties of conductive multifilament yarns for fabricating the electrodes of biosignal measurement pressure and stretch textile sensors using embroidery. When electrodes and circuits for smart wearable products are produced through the embroidery process using conductive multifilament yarns, unnecessary material loss is minimized, and complex electrode shapes or circuit designs can be produced without additional processes using a computer embroidering machine. However, because ordinary missionary threads cannot overcome the stress in the embroidery process and yarn cutting occurs, herein, we analyzed the S-S curve, thickness, and twist structure, which are three types of silver-coated multifilament yarns, and measured the stress in the thread of the embroidery simultaneously. Thus, the required mechanical properties of the yarns in the embroidery process were analyzed. In the actual sample production, cutting occurred in silver-coated multifilament rather than silver-coated polyamide/polyester, which showed the lowest S-S curve. In the embroidery process, the twist was unwound through repetitive vertical movement. Further, we fabricated a piezoresistive pressure/tension sensor to measure gauge factor, which is an index for measuring biological signals. We confirmed that the sensor can be applied to the fabrication of embroidery electrodes, which is an important process in the mass production of smart wearable products.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.156-169
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to develop lightweight, stretchable, tight-fit smart sportswear using the conductive yarns into the garment and demonstrating its usefulness. Sportswears with the ability to control LEDs with respect to lighting of the surrounding were developed by applying embroidery with conductive yarns to 2 types of men's T-shirts and 2 types of women's leggings pants for outdoor activities and exercise purposes. LEDs were applied to the front and back of men's T-shirts and to the rear of the waist of women's leggings. Men's T-shirts were printed where the LEDs were to be applied, and inside, they were embroidered with conductive threads on the hot-melt fabric to be attached, and then connected with LED. Women's pants were embroidered on the elastic band, in the form of a sine wave that gives it ability to stretch, and finally the elastic band was hidden inside the waistband. The operation of the light sensor in the dark provided the ability to protect joggers from night drivers or cyclists. LEDs were activated when the wearer turns on the fashionable device on his/her shoulder by pressing it. It was able to reduce the risk of accidents by giving recognizability to vehicles, bicycles, and athletes approaching or passing by at night, and securing safe distance from vehicles, etc. Internal embroidery technology had the same flexible and lightweight functions as ordinary clothing products, making it possible to apply to tight-fit smart T-shirts or leggings pants designs.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

Currently smart textile market is rapidly expanding and the demand is increasing integration of an electronic fiber circuit. The garments are an attractive platform for wearable device. This is one of the integration techniques, which consists of is the selective introduction of conductive yarns into the fabric through knitting, weaving or embroidering. The aim of this work is to develop a golf bend driven prototype design for an attachable Arduino that can be used to assess elbow motion. The process begins with the development of a wearable device technique that uses conductive yarn and flex sensor for measurement of elbow bending movements. Also this paper describes and discusses resistance value of zigzag embroidery of the conductive yarns on the tensile properties of the fabrics. Furthermore, by forming a circuit using an Arduino and flex sensor the prototype was created with an assistance band for golf posture training. This study provides valuable information to those interested in the future directions of the smart fashion industry.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.119-128
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• 2022

This study analyzes the effects of the number of angles and bends on resistance in a conductor-embroidered stitch circuit for efficient power transfer through a conductor of wearable energy harvesting to study changes in power lost through connection with actual solar panels. In this study, the angle of the conductive stitch circuit was designed in units of 30˚, from 30˚ to 180˚, and the resistance was measured using an analog Discovery 2 device. The measured resistance value was analyzed, and in the section of the angle where the resistance value rapidly changes, it was measured again and analyzed in units of 5˚. Following this, from the results of the analysis, the angle at which the tension was applied to the stitch converges was analyzed, and the resistance was measured again by varying the number of bends of the stitch at the given angle. The resistance decreases as the angle of the stitch decreases and the number of bends increases, and the conductor embroidery stitch can reduce the loss of power by 1.61 times relative to general embroidery. These results suggest that the stitching of embroidery has a significant effect on the power transfer in the transmission through the conductors of wearable energy harvesting. These results indicate the need for a follow-up study to develop a conductor circuit design technology that compares and analyzes various types of stitches, such as curved stitches, and the number of conductors, so that wearable energy harvesting can be more efficiently produced and stored.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.363-373
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• 2016

This study aims to develop an all-fabric integrated smart jacket in order to create a temperature-regulating system based on a user experience design. For this research, previous research technologies of a textile switch interface and a temperature-regulating system were utilized and a unifying technology for the all-fabric integrated smart jacket was developed which can provide the appropriate temperature environments to the human body. A self-heating textile was applied at the areas of the back and hood in the final tested jacket, and an embroidery circuit was developed in the form of a rectangle in the back and in both ears of the hood, taking into account the pattern of the jacket part where it was be applied and the embroidery production method. The textile switch interface was designed in a three-layer structure: an embroidery circuit line in a conductive yarn, an interval material, and a conductive sensing material, and it was made to work with the input and output sensors through the multiple input method. After the all-fabric integrated smart jacket was produced according to the pattern, all of the textile band lines for transmission were gathered and connected with a miniature module for controlling temperature and then integrated into the inside of the left chest pocket of the jacket. After the users put on this jacket, they were asked to assess the wearing satisfaction. Most of them reported a very low level of irritation and discomfort and said that the jacket was as comfortable as everyday clothing.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

This paper reviews the recent development of electronic textile technology, mainly focusing on chip-textile bonding. Before the chip-textile bonding, a circuit on the textile should be prepared to supply the electrical power and signal to the chip mounted on the fabrics. Either embroidery with conductive yarn or screen-printing with the conductive paste can be applied to implement the circuit on the fabrics depending on the circuit density and resolution. Next, chip-textile bonding can be performed. There are two choices for chip-textile bonding: fixed connection methods such as soldering, ACF/NCA, embroidery, crimping, and secondly removable connection methods like a hook, magnet, zipper. Following the chip-textile bonding process, the chip on the textile is generally encapsulated using PDMS to ensure reliability like water-proof.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.7
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• pp.1141-1148
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• 2017

Generally, a thermistor made by sintering a metal oxide is widely used to measure the ambient temperature. This thermistor is widely used not only for industrial use but also for medical use because of its excellent sensitivity, durability, temperature change characteristics and low cost. In particular, the normal body temperature is 36.9 degrees relative to the armpit temperature, and it is most closely related to the circulating blood flow. Previous studies have shown that body temperature changes during biomechanical changes and body temperature changes by anomalous signs or illnesses. Therefore, in this study, we propose a Lock-In-Amp design to detect minute temperature changes of clothing and thermistor wired by a preacher as a method to regularly measure body temperature in daily life. Especially, it is designed to measure the minute resistance change of the thermistor according to body temperature change even in a low-cost microprocessor environment by using a micro-processor-based Lock-In-Amp, and a jacquard and the thermistor is arranged so as to be close to the side, so that the reference body temperature can be easily measured. The temperature was measured and stored in real time using short-range wireless communication for non - restraint temperature monitoring. A baby vest was made to verify its performance through temperature experiments for infants. The measurement of infant body temperature through the existing skin sensor or thermometer has limitations in monitoring infant body temperature for a long time without restriction. However, it can be overcome by using the embroidery fabric based micro temperature monitoring wireless monitoring device proposed in this study.