• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.107-126
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• 2002

The first function of occlusion is mastication. Therefore the functional restoration of occlusal surface is very important. The restoration of occlusal surface is three method as wax bite technique, F.G.P. technique, cone technique. Many dental technician is using compound method. I am using compound method of wax bite technique and cone technique. I have knew common point on each teeth during I have waxing up wax pattern. So I studied on the design waxup technique for mandible molar occlusion. The results of the study were as follows; 1. The dam wax up method can restore axial contour of teeth very easy and make short working time of wax pattern. 2. The height of dam must be same with cusp of adjacent teeth. 3. Automatically the contour of tooth is appeared if the contour of dam is relationship with cuspid line of adjacent teeth. 4. The height of contour of buccal, lingual surface is formed natural curve to add fluid wax by gravitation. 5. The development groove of mandible first premolar is appeared V form. 6. The development groove of mandible second premolar is appeared Y form. 7, The development groove of mandible first molar is appeared M form. 8. The development groove of mandible second molar is W form. 9. The embrasure is formed to carve around contact point area as round convex. It affects to axial form of tooth. 10. The buccal, lingual groove of molar is formed parallel with direction of teeth arrangement.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.97-114
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• 1999

The first function of occlusion is mastication. Therefore the functional restoration of occlusal surface is very important. The restoration of occlusal surface is three method as wax bite technique, F.G.P. technique, cone technique. Many dental technician is using compound method. I have knew common point on each teeth during I have waxing up wax pattern. So I studied on the design waxup technique for maxillary molar occlusion. The results of the study were as follows ; 1. The dam wax up method can restore axial contour of teeth very easy and make short working time of wax pattern. 2. The height of dam must be same with cusp of adjacent teeth. 3. Automatically the contour of tooth is appeared if the contour of dam is relationship with cuspid line of adjacent teeth. 4. The height of contour of buccal, lingual surface is formed natural curve to add fluid wax by gravitation. 5. The development groove of Maxillary premolar is appeared V form. 6. The development groove of Maxillary molar is appeared W form. 7. The embrasure is formed to carve around contact point area as round convex. It affects to axial form of tooth. 8. I was knew that the lingual groove and stuart's groove of molar runs parallel with oblique ridge. 9. The buccal groove of molar is formed parallel with direction of teeth arrangement.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2008

Purpose: Variation in the morphology of gingival papilla may be determined by the shape and position of anatomic crown as well as contact area and embrasure form of individual teeth. However, periodontal biotype classification is regarded to be subjective because of the lack of definite criteria. In this study, we defined the objective parameters which constitute the periodontal biotype and measured their relationship. Materials and Methods: 109 of dental casts were prepared using three dimensional scanner and specialized reconstruction software, then acquiredvirtual models were sent to the 20 professional dentists to define the specific periodontal biotypes. Several parameters around periodontal structures were measured from the virtual models; facial surface area of the anterior tooth (AT), anterior papillary area (AP), proportion of the dento-papillary complex, clinical papillary length (PL), and clinical papillary angle (PA). Statistical analysis was performed to confirm the relationship among parameters. Results: Coincidence rate of periodontal biotype within observers was $63.77{\pm}16.05%$. Coincidence rate between observers was $76.15{\pm}16.43%$. Among the parameters measured, PL showed the most positive correlations and PA presented the most negative correlations. The parameter of the AP and PL of six maxillary anterior teeth showed significant correlation coefficient. Conclusion: Anterior papillary area and clinical papillary length would be objective parameters for determining the consistent periodontal biotypes.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.277-287
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of enhancing deficient interdental papilla with hyaluronic acid gel injection by assessing the radiographic anatomical factors affecting the reconstruction of the interdental papilla. Methods: Fifty-seven treated sites from 13 patients (6 males and 7 females) were included. Patients had papillary deficiency in the upper anterior area. Prior to treatment, photographic and periapical radiographic standardization devices were designed for each patient. A 30-gauge needle was used with an injection-assistance device to inject a hyaluronic acid gel to the involved papilla. This treatment was repeated up to 5 times every 3 weeks. Patients were followed up for 6 months after the initial gel application. Clinical photographic measurements of the black triangle area (BTA), height (BTH), and width (BTW) and periapical radiographic measurements of the contact point and the bone crest (CP-BC) and the interproximal distance between roots (IDR) were undertaken using computer software. The interdental papilla reconstruction rate (IPRR) was calculated to determine the percentage change of BTA between the initial and final examination and the association between radiographic factors and the reconstruction of the interdental papilla by means of injectable hyaluronic acid gel were evaluated. Results: All sites showed improvement between treatment examinations. Thirty-six sites had complete interdental papilla reconstruction and 21 sites showed improvement ranging from 19% to 96%. The CP-BC correlated with the IPRR. More specifically, when the CP-BC reached 6 mm, virtually complete interdental papilla reconstruction via injectable hyaluronic acid gel was achieved. Conclusions: These results suggest that the CP-BC is closely related to the efficacy of hyaluronic acid gel injection for interdental papilla reconstruction.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.276-282
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• 2022

성공적인 보철 수복물을 제공하기 위해서는 치과의사와 치과기공사 간의 긴밀한 의사소통은 중요한 요소이다. 치과기공사와 의견 교환은 주로 기공의뢰서와 사진촬영의 형태로 이루어져 왔으나 정보 전달이 제한될 수 있다고 보고되었다. 현재는 디지털 기술에 기반을 둔 보철물 제작이 일반화됨에 따라 영상 객체를 웹상에 저장하고 모바일 브라우저를 통해 손쉽게 확인할 수 있게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 CAD 소프트웨어를 이용하여 보철물을 설계하고 웹뷰어를 통해 치과의사와 설계된 보철물을 검토하여 보철물의 설계를 개선한 증례들을 소개한다. 본 프로토콜을 통해 교합면 및 치관 형태, 대합치 치료, 치은측 치간 공극의 크기, 가공치 하방 형태 등을 개선할 수 있었다. 이러한 웹뷰어를 통한 보철물 설계를 3차원적으로 치과의사와 공유하고 토의하여 수정하는 과정은 구강내 조건의 다양성과 개별화된 요구를 반영하는 데 기여하여 기능적이고 심미적인 보철물을 제작하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2024

치조골의 흡수가 심한 하악 전치 부분 무치악 환자의 경우 치아가 위치해야 할 곳에 임플란트를 식립하기 어렵고, 적절한 출현윤곽이나 치간 공극을 가진 고정성 보철물을 만들 수 없어 유지관리가 어려워질 것이다. 적절한 위치에 놓여 있지 못한 임플란트 고정체에 절삭 가공 바(milled bar)를 이용한 지르코니아 보철물로 제작하는 것은 하나의 좋은 치료가 될 수 있고, 이 경우 유지 관리가 용이하도록 탈부착이 가능한 가철성 형태로도 제작할 수 있다. 이번 증례의 환자는 하악 전치부 무치악부에 심한 치조골 흡수를 보였던 환자로, 상악 전치부와의 수직적 공간이 매우 큰 상태였고 이상적인 곳에 임플란트 고정체를 식립할 수 없었다. 식립할 수 있는 곳에 2개의 임플란트를 심고 절삭 바와 어태치먼트를 사용하여 지르코니아 가철성 보철물을 제작하여 심미적으로 만족스럽고 유지 관리가 용이한 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다.