• 한국음향학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.496-502
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• 2021

딥러닝 기반의 심층 화자 임베딩 방식은 최근 문장 독립 화자 검증 연구에 널리 사용되고 있으며, 기존의 i-vector 방식에 비해 더 좋은 성능을 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 심층 화자 임베딩 방식을 발전시키기 위하여, 화자의 그룹 정보를 도입한 그룹기반 화자 임베딩을 제안한다. 훈련 데이터 내에 존재하는 전체 화자들을 정해진 개수의 그룹으로 비지도 클러스터링 하며, 고정된 길이의 그룹 임베딩 벡터가 각각의 그룹을 대표한다. 그룹 결정 네트워크가 각 그룹에 대응되는 그룹 가중치를 출력하며, 이를 이용한 그룹 임베딩 벡터들의 가중 합을 통해 집합 그룹 임베딩을 추출한다. 최종적으로 집합 그룹 임베딩을 심층 화자 임베딩에 더해주어 그룹기반 화자 임베딩을 생성한다. 이러한 방식을 통해 그룹 정보를 심층 화자 임베딩에 도입함으로써, 화자 임베딩이 나타낼 수 있는 전체 화자의 검색 공간을 줄일 수 있고, 이를 통해 화자 임베딩은 많은 수의 화자를 유연하게 표현할 수 있다. VoxCeleb1 데이터베이스를 이용하여 본 연구에서 제안하는 방식이 기존의 방식을 개선시킨다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2017년도 제29회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.60-63
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• 2017

자연어처리에 딥 러닝을 적용하기 위해 사용되는 Word embedding은 단어를 벡터 공간상에 표현하는 것으로 차원축소 효과와 더불어 유사한 의미의 단어는 유사한 벡터 값을 갖는다는 장점이 있다. 이러한 word embedding은 대용량 코퍼스를 학습해야 좋은 성능을 얻을 수 있기 때문에 기존에 많이 사용되던 word2vec 모델은 대용량 코퍼스 학습을 위해 모델을 단순화 하여 주로 단어의 등장 비율에 중점적으로 맞추어 학습하게 되어 단어의 위치 정보를 이용하지 않는다는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 word embedding 학습 모델을 단어의 위치정보를 이용하여 학습 할 수 있도록 수정하였다. 실험 결과 단어의 위치정보를 이용하여 word embedding을 학습 하였을 경우 word-analogy의 syntactic 성능이 크게 향상되며 어순이 바뀔 수 있는 한국어에서 특히 큰 효과를 보였다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of needle-embedding therapy against facial wrinkle. Methods : Ten patients with facial wrinkles were treated with needle-embedding therapy. Pictures and satisfaction questionnaire were compared before and after the treatment. And all patients were examined for adverse side effect after needle-embedding therapy. Results : After treatment, facial wrinkles were visibly improved after needle-embedding therapy. There were no adverse side effect except bruise. Conclusions : This study suggests that needle-embedding therapy can improve facial wrinkles.

• 한국어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어정보학회 2017년도 제29회 한글및한국어정보처리학술대회
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• pp.60-63
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• 2017

자연어처리에 딥 러닝을 적용하기 위해 사용되는 Word embedding은 단어를 벡터 공간상에 표현하는 것으로 차원축소 효과와 더불어 유사한 의미의 단어는 유사한 벡터 값을 갖는다는 장점이 있다. 이러한 word embedding은 대용량 코퍼스를 학습해야 좋은 성능을 얻을 수 있기 때문에 기존에 많이 사용되던 word2vec 모델은 대용량 코퍼스 학습을 위해 모델을 단순화 하여 주로 단어의 등장 비율에 중점적으로 맞추어 학습하게 되어 단어의 위치 정보를 이용하지 않는다는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 word embedding 학습 모델을 단어의 위치정보를 이용하여 학습 할 수 있도록 수정하였다. 실험 결과 단어의 위치정보를 이용하여 word embedding을 학습 하였을 경우 word-analogy의 syntactic 성능이 크게 향상되며 어순이 바뀔 수 있는 한국어에서 특히 큰 효과를 보였다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.809-817
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• 1998

We investigate when the product of two smooth manifolds admits a weakly Lagrangian embedding. Prove that, if $M^m$ and $N^n$ are smooth manifolds such that M admits a weakly Lagrangian embedding into ${\mathbb}C^m$ whose normal bundle has a nowhere vanishing section and N admits a weakly Lagrangian immersion into ${\mathbb}C^n$, then $M \times N$ admits a weakly Lagrangian embedding into ${\mathbb}C^{m+n}$. As a corollary, we obtain that $S^m {\times} S^n$ admits a weakly Lagrangian embedding into ${\mathbb}C^{m+n}$ if n=1,3. We investigate the problem of whether $S^m{\times}S^n$ in general admits a weakly Lagrangian embedding into ${\mathbb} C^{m+n}$.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2021

In this paper we deal with the embedding inclusions on the fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces which are crucial roles for studying the theories of the partial differential equations. We get some properties and theories of the embedding inclusions on the fractional Orlicz-Sobolev spaces.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report the clinical effects of catgut-embedding acupuncture therapy on plantar fasciitis. Methods : Two patients were treated mainly with catgut-embedding acupuncture therapy and partly with other Korean medicine modalities. Catgut-embedding acupuncture therapy was applied once a week for three weeks, and follow-up observation was conducted by telephone survey two months after the first treatment. Results : In these two cases, the pain numerical rating scale(NRS) gradually decreased from 8 to 1, and the pain relief as well as the improvement in ambulatory function was maintained at two-month follow-up. Conclusions : Catgut-embedding acupuncture therapy could be effective for pain-reduction and functional improvement in plantar fasciitis.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.3353-3370
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• 2016

The way of combination of Product Perfect Codes (PPCs) is based on the theory of short codes constructing long codes. PPCs have larger embedding rate than Hamming codes by expending embedding columns in a coding block, and they have been proven to enhance the performance of the F₅ steganographic method. In this paper, the proposed modified product codes called MPCs are introduced as an efficient way to embed more data than PPCs by increasing 2^r₂-1-r₂ embedding columns. Unlike PPC, the generation of the check matrix H in MPC is random, and it is different from PPC. In addition a simple solving way of the linear algebraic equations is applied to figure out the problem of expending embedding columns or compensating cases. Furthermore, the MPCs over ℤ₄ have been proposed to further enhance not only the performance but also the computation speed which reaches O(n₁+σ). Finally, the proposed ℤ₄-MPC intends to maximize the embedding rate with maintaining less distortion , and the performance surpasses the existing improved product perfect codes. The performance of large embedding rate should have the significance in the high-capacity of covert communication.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.522-541
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• 2016

Network virtualization provides an effective way to overcome the Internet ossification problem. As one of the main challenges in network virtualization, virtual network embedding refers to mapping multiple virtual networks onto a shared substrate network. However, existing heuristic embedding algorithms evaluate the embedding potential of the nodes simply by the product of different resource attributes, which would result in an unbalanced embedding. Furthermore, ignoring the hops of substrate paths that the virtual links would be mapped onto may restrict the ability of the substrate network to accept additional virtual network requests, and lead to low utilization rate of resource. In this paper, we introduce and extend five node attributes that quantify the embedding potential of the nodes from both the local and global views, and adopt the technique for order preference by similarity ideal solution (TOPSIS) to rank the nodes, aiming at balancing different node attributes to increase the utilization rate of resource. Moreover, we propose a novel two-stage virtual network embedding algorithm, which maps the virtual nodes onto the substrate nodes according to the node ranks, and adopts a shortest path-based algorithm to map the virtual links. Simulation results show that the new algorithm significantly increases the long-term average revenue, the long-term revenue to cost ratio and the acceptance ratio.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2016

Objective : Thread embedding acupuncture has become popular as a minimally invasive treatment for facial wrinkles and laxity. However, there is little published clinical practice guidelines about disinfection, sterilization and aseptic technique for thread embedding acupuncture. This study is to introducing a specific guidelines about disinfection, sterilization and aseptic technique for thread embedding acupuncture.Method : We reviewed internal regulations and guidelines about hospital infection, and Traditional Korean medicine doctors, nurses, and director of central supply room discussed in depth and established a regulation of disinfection, sterilization and aseptic technique for thread embedding acupuncture.Result : The regulation of disinfection, sterilization and aseptic technique for thread embedding acupuncture consisted of ① management of supplies, ② guidelines of disinfection, sterilization, and reuse, ③ aseptic technique for thread embedding acupuncture.Conclusion : Microbial management is an essential element of medical care and quality. Traditional Korean medicine doctors will care for disinfection, sterilization, and this should not neglect to comply with the procedures and guidelines in the medical field as well as to understand the aseptic techniques.