• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 뒤틀림을 받고 있는 정사각형 단면의 중공단면 보를 최소자승법과 경계요소법을 이용하여 수치 해석하고 구조물을 해석하였다. 임계하중은 하중을 점차적으로 증가하여 구조물이 파괴가 발생하여 안정성을 상실하는 상태에서 가장 작은 하중을 의미한다. 뒤틀림을 받고 있는 beam은 일반 구조물에서 많이 발생하는 현상이며, 구조물의 안정성에 크게 영향을 미치고 있다. 최소자승법과 경계요소법은 복잡한 구조물에서도 물론, 다양한 경계조건을 포함하는 문제에 이르기까지 구조물의 안정성을 검사하는데 효과적인 수치해석 방법이다. 특히 뒤틀림의 문제에서는 단순성 및 일반성에 기인하여 매우 적합한 해석방법이다. 본 연구에서는 뒤틀림을 받고 있는 중공단면 보의 해석해를 유도하여 최소자승법으로 수치 해석하고 또한 경계요소법을 적용하여 빔의 안정성을 비교 검토하였다. 개발한 컴퓨터 프로그램의 타당성을 증명하기 위하여 삼각형, 사각형 그리고 타원형 단면에 대하여 각각 해석하여 해석해와 비교 검토하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2010

Objective: To investigate the morphometric characteristics of the pituitary gland and diaphragma sellae in Korean adults. Methods: Using the 33 formaline fixed adult cadavers (23 male, 10 female), the measurements were taken at the diaphragma sellae and pituitary gland. The authors investigated the relationship between dura and structures surrounding pituitary gland, morphometric aspects of pituitary gland and stalk, and morphometric aspect of central opening of diaphragma sellae. Results: The boundary between the lateral surface of pituitary gland and the medial wall of cavernous sinus was formed by the thin dural layer and pituitary capsule. The pituitary capsule adherent tightly to the pituitary gland was observed to continue from the diaphragma sellae. Mean width, length, and height of the pituitary gland were 14.3${\pm}$2.1, 7.9${\pm}$1.3, and 6.0${\pm}$0.9 mm in anterior lobes, and 8.7${\pm}$1.7, 2.9${\pm}$1.1, and 5.8${\pm}$1.0 mm in posterior lobes, respectively. Although all dimensions of anterior lobe in female were slightly larger than those in male, statistical significance was noted in only longitudinal dimension. The ratio of posterior lobe to the whole length of pituitary gland was about 27%. The mean thickness of pituitary stalk was 2 mm. The diaphragmal opening was 5 mm or more in 26 (78.8%) of 33 specimen. The opening was round in 60.6% of the specimen, and elliptical oriented in an anterior-posterior or transverse direction in 39.4%. Conclusion: These results provide the safe anatomical knowledge during the transsphenoidal surgery and may be helpful to access the possibility of the development of empty sella syndrome.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.59-67
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 암반 내에 존재하는 절리가 암반의 구조거동에 미치는 영향을 유한요소해석을 통하여 분석하였다. 절리에 따른 암반의 이방성 비선형 거동을 유한요소화하기 위하여 암반의 응력-변형률 관계를 구성모형화하고, 이를 기준으로 유한유소해석 program을 구성하였다. 여기서, 해석과정에 필요한 계산을 효율적으로 하기 위하여 하중재하 방법과 해석영역의 크기를 검토하여 문제의 크기를 최소화하도록 하였다. 해석대상으로 암반 내에 굴착되는 원형 공동을 택하여 절리의 존재여부에 따른 거동의 변화를 검토하여 절리의 비선형거동이 합리적으로 모형화되었음을 검증하였다. 다음, 절리 방향의 변화에 따라 응력이완상태, 변위, 변형형태 등에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 해석 및 분석의 결과, 절리의 방향성은 암반의 비선형거동에 영향을 많이 미치며, 그 영향은 공동의 중심을 기준으로 하여 절리방향에 직각인 방향의 부위에 절리의 활동이 집중되게 한다는 것을 밝혔다. 또한, 원형은 변형 후, 절리의 방향이 장축이 되는 타원형태로 됨을 보였다.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 2009년도 한국우주과학회보 제18권2호
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• pp.35.3-36
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• 2009

To investigate properties of the stellar contents of the resolved asymptotic giant branch stars in the nearby dwarf galaxies, we obtained wide-field JHKs images of the dwarf irregular galaxies NGC 6822, IC 1613 and the dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 205, using the WIRCam near-infrared imager of the CFHT. The obtained (J-Ks, Ks) and (H-Ks, Ks) color-magnitude diagrams for the resolved stars in the galaxies contain populations of foreground stars, super giant stars, red giant stars and the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. Using corollary photometric data in the visible bands, AGB stars were selected in the color-magnitude diagrams with a wide wavelength baseline in color indices. In color-color diagrams of the resolved AGB stars, we identified C stars from M giant stars for each galaxies, i.e., 726 C stars in NGC 6822, 126 C stars in IC 1613 and 593 C stars in NGC 205. The number ratios of C stars to M-giants were estimated to be $0.59\pm0.03$ in NGC 6822, $0.30\pm0.03$ in IC 1613 and $0.14\pm0.01$ in NGC 205. From analyses of the correlations of the spatial distribution of the C/M ratios with the HI properties and dynamical structures of the target galaxies, we discuss environmental effects of the star formation in the galaxies. We also discuss the epochs of the AGB star formation in the galaxies by comparing theoretical isochrones with the color distributions and luminosity functions of the AGB stars.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.41-47
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• 1999

The scale of dendritic structure of a cast preform plays a key role in determining the mechanical properties of cast/forged products. In this study, casting experiments are carried out to reduce dendrite arm spacing (DAS) to smaller than 20 ${\mu}$m by increasing cooling rate of the mold and then to spheriodize dendritic structures by addition of alloying elements such as Zr and Ti-B. From the casting experiments, appropriate casting conditions for producing the cast preform of a motorcycle connecting rod are obtained. To obtain fine microstructures of the cast preform, mold temperature must set to be low whilst cooling rate being high. When cooling rate is 10 $^{\circ}C$/s, the size of DAS is 17.4 ${\mu}$m. And the degree of spheriodization of a grain in the cast preform is described by aspect ratio, which is defined as the ratio of major and minor radii of an elliptical grain. When 0.5% Zr and 0.24 % Ti+B are added to the molten aluminum alloy, the best aspect-ratio 0.75 is obtained. After forging the cast preform of a motorcycle connecting rod, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the cast preform are compared with those of the cast/forged product. Cast/forged products are superior in microstructure and in mechanical properties such as ultimate strength, elongation, and hardness.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 충격파 형태의 폭발 하중을 받는 부재의 소성 범위를 고려한 SDOF 해석의 수정계수를 개발하였다. SDOF 해석의 수정계수는 MDOF 해석 결과 값을 비교하여 도출하였다. SDOF 해석에 영향을 미치는 매개변수로 부재의 경계조건, 폭발 하중 지속시간과 고유주기 비를 선정하였다. 수정계수는 탄성 하중-질량 변환 계수를 기준으로 산정하였다. 수정계수 곡선은 상한, 하한 매개변수 경계 사이에 있도록 타원 방정식을 이용하여 도출하였다. 서로 다른 단면과 경계조건을 가지는 예제에 수정계수를 적용한 결과 SDOF 해석의 오차율이 15%에서 3%로 감소하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 수정계수를 적용하여 SDOF 해석의 정확도를 높임에 따라 폭발 해석에 널리 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2024

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a commonly occurring benign tumor originating in the salivary glands. The incidence is mostly in the parotid glands (85%) followed by minor salivary glands (10%). Pleomorphic adenoma from minor salivary glands of the lips is a rare neoplasm. Here, we present a case of a patient with PA in the upper lip, reporting a common neoplasm in a rare site. A 82-year-old male with a slowly progressing swelling that occurred 20years ago on the upper white lip. This tumor is not associated with pain and tenderness. The mass was about 1.5x1.5cm sized, circumscribed, sessile and firm on the external upper lip without oral side bulging (Fig. 1). The tumor was removed completely with a elliptical incision under local anesthesia. The encapsulated mass was measured 0.9x0.9x0.6cm. On histology, a well-circumscribed growth was seen comprising epithelial and stromal components. The epithelial component formed glandular structures lined by round-to oval cells having small nuclei, pink cytoplasm and myoepithelial basal cell layer while the stroma had a fibromyxoid appearance(Fig. 2). Postoperatively wound was well healed without recurrence after 6months. Pleomorphic adenoma of the upper lip is a rare neoplasm, especially not intraoral growth. For aesthetic good result, the mass was removed without hesitation. It is required a high index of suspicion and a long-term follow-up because it could recur and rarely be transformed into malignancy.

• ALGAE
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.75-96
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• 2024

Rhodomonas (Cryptophyceae) and species assigned to this genus have undergone numerous taxonomic revisions. This also applies to R. marina studied here as it was originally assigned as a species of Cryptomonas and later considered a variation of R. baltica, the type species. Despite being described more than 130 years ago, R. marina still lacks a comprehensive characterization. Light and electron microscopy were employed to delineate a strain from western Greenland. The living cells were 18 ㎛ long and 9 ㎛ wide, elliptical in shape with a pointed to rounded posterior and truncated anterior in lateral view. Two sub-equal flagella emerged from a vestibulum, where also a furrow extended. In transmission electron microscopy, the furrow was associated with a tubular gullet and the pyrenoid embedded in a deeply lobed chloroplast. The chloroplast contained DNA in perforations and was surrounded by starch grains. A tubular nucleomorph was enclosed within the pyrenoid matrix. In scanning electron microscopy, the inner periplast consisted of rectangular plates with rounded edges and posteriorly these were replaced by a sheet-like structure. The water-soluble pigment was Crypto-Phycoerythrin type I (Cr-PE 545). A phylogenetic inference based on SSU rDNA confirmed the identity of strain S18 as a species of Rhodomonas as it clustered with congeners but also Rhinomonas, Storeatula, and Pyrenomonas. These genera formed a monophyletic clade separated from a diverse assemblage of other cryptophyte genera. To further explore the phylogeny of R. marina a concatenated phylogenetic analysis based on the SSU rDNA-ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2-LSU rDNA region was performed but included only closely related species. The secondary structure of nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 was predicted and compared to similar structures in related species. Using morphological and molecular signatures as diagnostic features the description of R. marina was emended.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.799-813
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• 2020

Fatigue cracks of rib-to-deck (RD) joints have been frequently observed in the orthotropic steel decks (OSD) using conventional U-ribs (CU). Thickened edge U-rib (TEU) is proposed to enhance the fatigue strength of RD joints, and its effectiveness has been proved through fatigue tests. In-depth full-scale tests are further carried out to investigate both the fatigue strength and fractography of RD joints. Based on the test result, the mean fatigue strength of TEU specimens is 21% and 17% higher than that of CU specimens in terms of nominal and hot spot stress, respectively. Meanwhile, the development of fatigue cracks has been measured using the strain gauges installed along the welded joint. It is found that such the crack remains almost in semi-elliptical shape during the initiation and propagation. For the further application of TEUs, the design curve under the specific survival rate is required for the RD joints using TEUs. Since the fatigue strength of welded joints is highly scattered, the design curves derived by using the limited test data only are not reliable enough to be used as the reference. On this ground, an experiment-numerical hybrid approach is employed. Basing on the fatigue test, a probabilistic assessment model has been established to predict the fatigue strength of RD joints. In the model, the randomness in material properties, initial flaws and local geometries has been taken into consideration. The multiple-site initiation and coalescence of fatigue cracks are also considered to improve the accuracy. Validation of the model has been rigorously conducted using the test data. By extending the validated model, large-scale databases of fatigue life could be generated in a short period. Through the regression analysis on the generated database, design curves of the RD joint have been derived under the 95% survival rate. As the result, FAT 85 and FAT 110 curves with the power index m of 2.89 are recommended in the fatigue evaluation on the RD joint using TEUs in terms of nominal stress and hot spot stress respectively. Meanwhile, FAT 70 and FAT 90 curves with m of 2.92 are suggested in the evaluation on the RD joint using CUs in terms of nominal stress and hot spot stress, respectively.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.379-385
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• 1988

포유류(哺乳類)의 주요(主要) 기생원충(寄生原蟲)인 Toxoplasma gondii와 Sarcocystis species의 증식형(增殖型)에 대(對)한 표면미세구조(表面微細構造)를 비교(比較)하기 위하여 주사전자현미경(走査電子顯微鏡)으로 관찰(觀察)하였다. 동(同) 시료(試料)는 인공감염(人工感染)된 마우스로부터 분리(分離)된 T gondii와 자연감염(自然感染)된 도축우(屠畜牛)로부터 분리(分離)된 Sarcocystis species의 증식형(增殖型)이었다. 관찰결과(觀察結果) 마우스 복강(腹腔)으로부터 채취(採取)된 T gondii의 증식형(增殖型)인 tachyzoites는 초승달모양(crescent-like feature)을 나타냈고, 계측결과(計測結果) 길이 $5.57{\mu}m$, 폭 $2.33{\mu}m$이었으며 도축우(屠畜牛)의 심근(心筋)에서 채취(採取)된 Sarcocystis species의 증식형(增殖型)인 bradyzoites는 바나나모양으로 길이 $14.18{\mu}m$, 폭 $2.85{\mu}m$이었다. 특(待)히 Sarcocystis species 증식형(增殖型)의 표면관찰(表面觀察)에 있어서 높은 확대배율(擴大倍率)(60,000X)의 관찰계측(觀察計測) 결과(結果), 길이 $0.35{\mu}m$, 폭 $0.18{\mu}m$의 미세공(微細孔)(micropore)이 확인(確認)되었다.