• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2010

This study reflects the demand of content elements related to "Human Reproduction" in elementary school science curriculum, and verifies its effects by developing and applying sex education contents available to elementary science class. The developed contents is composed of three sections in reference to the contents guideline for teachers. The contents include anatomical knowledge related to human reproduction and reflect social and cultural context of sex ethics. The first section: "How was I born?", second section: "Amazing changes in my body" and third section: "Healthy body, healthy mind." In the result of analysis of changes in sex knowledge and attitude after applying the contents, it showed statistically significant differences between experimental and comparative class. Thus, the developed contents made positive influence on improvement in elementary students' knowledge and attitude of human reproduction. However, it showed little difference in the effects of sex education contents by the grade and gender. In conclusion, if the sex education contents developed through this study is actively applied, it is expected to provide the elementary students with knowledge of the anatomic difference between male and female, its social and cultural understanding and responsibility for sex ethics. In addition, it is considered to be used as effective education programs and materials in elementary school science curriculum.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.453-464
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• 2019

In this study, the types of inquiry activities in the $5^{th}$ & $6^{th}$ grade science textbooks according to the 2015 revised science national curriculum were analyzed and compared according to grade level and science area. Science textbooks for elementary school $5^{th}$ & $6^{th}$ graders contain quite diverse types of inquiry activities, which are student-centered inquiry activities. There were comparatively higher proportions of inquiry types such as experiment & observation and simulation, but relatively lower of inquiry types of investigation-discourse & presentation, discussion, expression. Elementary science textbooks are expected to cultivate science key competencies for elementary school students. Considering the science area, the motion & energy, substances, earth & space, and integration areas had the most experiment & observation among activity types, while the life area had the most simulation activities. Even in some area of the 6th grade science textbook, there was little or no data interpretation, discussion, and simulation activities. In order to achieve the goal of elementary science education, science textbooks should be developed considering the revision of future elementary science curriculum.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.78-92
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• 2007

The purindicator and its application through the application of the eco-city concept. To achieve this aim, this study execute to erect eco-city concept, to develop urban evaluation indicator for the fifth and sixth graders of elementary school, to survey for elementary school teacher in Daegu and to develop application of urban evaluation indicator for the fifth and sixth graders of elementary school. The result of study can be summarized as follow. First, erecting the eco-city concept and urban evaluation indicator for the fifth and sixth graders of elementary school was developed with 14 objects, such like that saving and sound circulation of water resource, sound atmosphere. Second, The result of survey, generally, teachers evaluated that Daegu has problems. The degree of interest of urban environmental problem of Daegu showed that each problem had relatively equal distribution. Teachers had positive response that the ecocity concept applied to environmental education of elementary school. Selection of educational contents had distinct tendency with application of the concept of ecocity. Teachers indicated several problems in environmental education of elementary school. Third, We develop application of indicator for the fifth and sixth graders of elementary school. We concluded that developing application of indicator will offer as follows: First, student and teacher can logically understand urban environmental problems. Second, application of indicator had role of useful tool for environmental education of elementary school.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 1999

최근 새로운 평가 체제로 대두되고 있는 수행 평가에 대한 체계적인 선행 연구의 부족으로. 초등학교 교사들은 수행 평가 문제를 직접 연구, 개발해서 아동들에게 적용시켜야 하는 부담을 안고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 제주도내 초등학교에 근무하고 있는 교사들을 대상으로 지금교육 현장에서 실시되고 있는 수행 평가의 실태 및 수학 교과에서의 수행 평가 방법의 유형에 대한 선호도와 앞으로 개발되어야 할 수학 교과에서의 수행 평가 방법의 유형에 대한 선호도를 설문 조사하여, 각 학년에 투입 가능한 수행 평가 유형을 찾아보았다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 1999

This study investigated the influences of science anxiety ill elementary school teachers on tile children's science achievement and attitudes. For this study, 166 elementary school teachers taken charge of 4th, 5th, 6th grade of elementary school children, were chosen as a sample. First, we tested science anxiety test to these teachers, and then chose 50 teachers that are 25 teacher of highest score and 25 teachers of lowest score. Next, we chose 1848 students that 50 teachers take charge. The results are as follows. 1. The children learned from lowest scored teacher got the higher point than the children learned from highest scored teacher in science achievement test. 2. Children's science attitude have a little differences in 4 sub-boundary area but totally lower science anxiety group have higher score than higher science anxiety group. 3. Another variables such as grade, living district, teachers' training experience give influence to the children's attitude to science. In this result, we found that teachers' science anxiety influenced in some part upon the elementary student science achievement and attitude.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.643-650
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effect of a posture training program, including posture education and spinal exercise as implemented on the elementary school students with scoliosis. Method: The design of this study is nonequivalent sample control group pretest-posttest design. The study subjects were elementary school students attending 7 elementary schools located in G city in Gyungsangbuk-Do. Among them, those who had the Cobb angle between 4～10$^{\circ}$ in spine x-ray who agreed to participate in the study program were selected as the study subjects. The research instruments included the degree of spinal scoliosis(cobb angle), the level of knowledge on posture, and an evaluation following the posture training program. The data were collected from March 1, 2002 to July 30, 2002. The collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, t-test, i test and Mann-Whitney U test were using SPSS WIN10.0 program. Result: The elementary school students with scoliosis who received the posture training program have a lower Cobb angle and higher level of knowledge of posture than the elementary school students with scoliosis who did not receive the posture training program. Conclusion: The posture training program was effective on the on Cobb angle and Knowledge of posture in the elementary school students with scoliosis in this study. Therefore, the program training program can be usefully utilized for the students with mild scoliosis in the field of school health.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.229-233
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to propose the standards for dimension system for unit space of the classroom in elementary school. The curriculum of elementary school has changed. It has been reflected the architectural plan of classroom of the nationwide elementary school. However the Ministry of Education repealed the statue about the facilities of the schools on September in 1997 and the new education curriculum -the 7th curriculum- demands various activities in the classroom. So we need to another size of unit space of the classroom in elementary school because the size of unit space will affect the quality of education. This study represents that the size of unit plan is based on the size of human body, education curriculum, established day, the number limit of classroom and teaching tools. In this study, regression analysis is used to find out a part of the body-size of Korean.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.211-219
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to propose the environmental planning guidelines of elementary school settings for a crime safety. The research methodologies To achieve the goal, the literature review analysis and the survey were used as main research methodologies. The survey is organized as follows. First, elementary education facilities were divided into 20 spaces based on the major space. Second, after analyzing the domestic and foreign CPTED Guidelines, elements of environmental planning were classified to fit in the space. Based on this, the expert survey was conducted. The results of this study are as follows; First, it is necessary to consider specific places such as 'toilets', 'parking lot', 'in-between space', 'main access road', 'sub-access road' and 'harmful facilities around school' for safer school environment. Second, it is significant to plan 'equipment facilities' and 'outdoor space in the school setting' with priority for elementary education environment. Third, environmental planning elements for safer elementary schools can be classified into 9 factors(types) including 'natural surveillance planning', 'territoriality reinforcement planning', 'mechanical surveillance planning', 'access control planning' and 'neighborhood reinforcement planning'. Forth, regarding 'indoor space', crime-free elementary school environment can be build through 'natural surveillance planning' and 'territoriality reinforcement planning'. Finally, regarding 'outdoor space', the crime can be prevented through 'natural surveillance planning' and 'access control planning'.

• 교육시설
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to propose the architectural basic data for the planning of kindergarten attached to the elementary school. For this study, we selected and investigated 23kindergartens in Gwangju city. The results of this study are as follows. 1) The elementary school in separated style had the advantage of securing educational space and reducing interference with students of elementary school. But it had the problem in using the facilities of elementary school. So we have to consider the kindergarten to be located near by dinning room, multi-purpose hall. 2) Concentrating the entrance, it makes the inside and outside space use easily. For the actual use, we have to establish facilities for convenience in outer-space. 3) For each room, we suggest guides as follow. The classroom and the playroom have to be combined for flexibility and supervision. In the planning of toilet, it must have sliding door for confirm the inside situation and reasonable height partition to consider the student's body-size. The shape of teacher's room must be open-type for supervising children but protect the entry of children. There is consideration for the material room and the sleeping room for all-day-long class.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.66-75
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• 2011

The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of ecological experience program at the urban stream on the environmental sensitivity of elementary school students. In order to perform this study, two classes of 6th graders of M elementary school in Gwangju were selected and divided into two groups; one groups was the experimental group that undergoes ecological experience program at the Gwangju River, and another group was the control group that studied about environment in the classroom. The results of this study were as following. First of all, the experimental group has more influence on the environmental sensitivity than the control group. Secondly, the ecological experience program at the urban stream can be the effective method to build the environmental sensitivity of elementary school students. In conclusion, the results are showing that the ecological experience program at the urban stream helps elementary school students to change their environmental sensitivity in positive ways, also it gives idea that how to protect the environment and what they actually can do.