• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.6 s.59
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• pp.960-976
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• 2005

Classicism pursued beauty comprised of a perfect form, and beauty was perceived as a state of sufficiency. Accordingly, a completed and permanent beauty was sought after; as a result, a perfect and flawless form became the mainstream, and there was an effort to visualize the eternal proportional perfection. In classicism, forms were perfectly embodied with systematic inevitability and absolute inflexibility, by which an extremely clear aspect appeared. This study analyzes a classical construction paradigm in modern fashion according to the five categories: 'Harmony and order by numerical proportion', 'Clear form', 'Simplification of form and two-dimensional Seh-form', 'Completed contracture structure', and 'Pluralistic unification', and the respective formative characteristics are as follows. First, in terms of the formative aspect of modern fashion,'Harmony and order by numerical proportion' results from thorough observance of extreme and golden section (proportion of 5 :8) which was an aesthetic standard of beautiful body in classicism. Second, 'Clear form' appears in clothes as individual clearness of structural elements expressing each part of body, and shows a well-established form possible to be grasped with equal and clear contour line. Third,'Simplification of form and two-dimensional Seh-form' comes out as form composition, single line, single layer structure, two-dimensional form and arrangement of elements of clothes through the front viewpoint caused by 2D diagramming work while fashion-designing and producing. Also, it is seen that two-dimensional proportion which is composed of sections through various harmonious lines and sides according to the simple two-dimensional compatibility principle is accomplished. Fourth, 'Completed contracture structure' emerges as an expression of stationariness, in other words, fixation of an overall impression. This is a tendency that the overall form is grasped as a fixedly intact shape without a big change of the silhouette of clothes. Fifth, 'Pluralistic unification' means that it respectively emphasizes all the parts composing clothes by making them individually independent at the same time as each element is inclusively shown with the harmony of the overall silhouette of clothes and many other details. This study examined classical formative characteristics through a theoretical research on a formative paradigm revealing the classical style. Also, the significance of classical or rational value of art was illuminated by observing what characteristics a classical formation paradigm shows in modern fashion. As a result, classical characteristics in modern fashion prove that classicism is not a merely past construction style separated from the present but a construction paradigm deeply involved in our reason system.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.318-328
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• 2017

In order to provide basic data for the ecological management of forest vegetation in Southern Naeyeon Mountains, A total of 149 sample plots were selected and vegetation survey was carried out by the phytosociological method of the ZM school to classify vegetation types and to grasp ecological characteristics. The forest vegetation was divided into 10 types in terms of species composition, and had a unit hierarchy of 2 community groups, 4 communities, 6 sub-communities and 6 variants. A total of 19 types of physiognomic vegetation were identified based on uppermost dominant species, of which 18 were natural vegetation and 1 was artificial vegetation. As a result of the analysis of the importance values of constituent species, Quercus mongolica, a potentially natural vegetation element, was found to be relatively more important in most stands than other species, and excluding the artificial interference, most of the areas except for some sites would be changed to Q. mongolica forest. In order to understand the spatial distribution of forest vegetation, 1/5,000 large-scale physiognomic vegetation map was created by the uppermost dominant species. As a result, natural vegetation accounted for 98.2%, the number of vegetation patches was 733 and the average area per patch 3.93ha.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.425-443
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• 2004

Fluvial terraces is poorly developed along Bukhan River in Central Korea. Altitude from riverbed of T1 terraces are 18-29m, T2 terraces 2539m, respectively. Rubification index of T2 is 0.66, T1 is 0.54, and thickness of gravel weathering rind on gneiss of T2 are 14.0mm, granites of T2 are $\infty$, gneiss of T1 are 5.0mm and granites of T2 are 8.0mm, because weathering in deposits of T2 terraces, older than T1, is severer than T1 terraces. Since deposits in T2 have more active and longer weathering than T1, SiO$_2$/Al$_2$O$_3$ is 3.32 in T2 and 4.06 in T1, and SiO$_2$/R$_2$O$_3$ is 2.64 in T2 and 3.19 in T1. CIA(Chemical Index of Alteration) is 87.85％ in T2 and 85.88％ in T1. Kaolinite and halloysite are founded in deposits of T2 indicating high weathering, and are founded gibbsite made tv eluviation of kaolinite. However, deposits of T1 have no kaolinite, and are found plagioclase, weak mineral in weathering process. Comparing to previous researches by estimated age as altitude from riverbed, rubification index, thickness of gravel weathering rind, element contents and mineral composition, forming age of T2 terraces in Bukhan River are estimated in marine oxygen isotope stage 6 (130-190ka), and T1 terraces are marine oxygen isotope stage 4(59-74ka).

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.148-169
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• 1994

The concept of biologic attachment of load-bearing implants has developed over the past decades as an alternative to the difficulties associated with long term implantation using mechanical fixation and bone cement. The choice of implant material is also as critical an element as site preparation or insertion procedure. The properties of implants that affect host tissue responses are not limited to chemical composition alone, but also include shape, surface characteristics, site of implantation, and mechanical interaction with host tissues. Initial mechanical interlocking prevents micromotion and may be a prerequisite for direct bone apposition. A hard tightening of screws does not necessarily mean a stronger fixation and final tightening of the fixtures is dependent on the experience of the operator. Removal torque is lower than insertion torque. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the removal torques at the bone-implant interface of polished and sandblasted Titanium. This experiment will give insight into important factors that must be considered when interpreting in vivo screwing forces on implants during the connection of the transmucosal abutments. We evaluated the significance of different surface textures by comparison of the withdrawal forces necessary for removal of otherwise identical rough and polished implants of Titanium and also evaluated interfacial response on the light microscopic level to implant surface. And the priority of the area of insertion on osseointegration were evaluated. 9 Titanium implants - among them, 3 were for the developmental - of either a smooth or rough surface finish were inserted in the dog mandible in the right side. 3 months later Kanon Torque Gauge was used to unscrew the implants. The results were as follows : 1. No significant difference was seen in the removal torque due to variation in surface treatment, 23 Ncm for the sandblasted and 23.33 Ncm for the polished surface (p>0.05). 2. Implants in the anterior (25 Ncm) mandible showed better resistance to unscrewing in comparison to ones in the posterior (18 Ncm) region (p<0.05). 3. Developmental fixtures (22 Ncm) had similar pullout strength to the control group (p>0.05).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.589-597
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• 1998

In order to effectively utilize marine processing by-product such as fish scale, chemical compositions for the scale were analyzed. The selected fishes were gray mullet, Mugil cephalus, living in the sea and carp, Cyprinus carpio in the fresh water, having a lot of scales among the fishes living in seawater and fresh water. And we also investigated the difference in the chemical compositions between gray mullet and carp, depending on both living circumstances. The major components of the scales were found to be crude ash and crude protein which were each about 49% for gray mullet and which were about 20% and 79% for carp, respectively, on the basis of dried scales. The proteins extracted from both scales proved to be collagen through amino acid compositions and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic patterm. Also this scale collagen was assumed to by Type I collagen because the migration rate of $\alpha$1 and $\alpha$2 subunit of the collagen were almost the same those as calf skin Type I collagen. Most of proteins from gray mullet was collagen, however, the collagen content in proteins from carp was estimated to be only about 53%, on the basis of the ratio of hydroxyproline to protein. The crude ashes of both scales identified to be hydroxyapatite through element compositions and X-ray diffraction analysis. In conclusion, both fishes in different living circumstances were almost similar to in the chemical compositions but chemical contents for crude ash and crude protein.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.40 no.2 s.183
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• pp.251-262
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to develop a Geological Information System(GIS) in order to store, manage and display geochemical data observed from references of recently domestic granite. There is still no use in geochemical and mineralogical information such as REE(rare earth element), trace elements, mode data(modals or mineral composition) and major elements. Therefore, we need to construct the standardized database system for the analytical data of granites through the verification of its data in South Korea. To construct the information system for geochemical and mineralogical information of granites in South Korea. Firstly, we collected the existing research data related digital map data. Secondly, we extract granite polygons to digital geological map and convert the polygon to points in South Korea. Thirdly, we considered both database schema and symbols of REE elements, trace elements, modal data and major mineral. Fourthly, we carried out all sorts of process to build granite database for GIS statistic analysis and visualization.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.12 no.1 s.15
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• pp.48-70
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• 2003

The characterization of chemical properties and analogy of mallufactured origin for the nine potsherds and eleven celadon sherds collected in Wonnae-dong, Daejeon and Yucheon-ri, Buan, respectively were performed by analyzing their body and glaze compositions and compared with previous data reported. The chemical compositions of the body and glaze were determined by XRF and EPMA, respectively. The trace elements of the body were analyzed by ICP-MS. The Seger analysis and principal components analysis were used to compare the major compositions of body and glaze of the potteries we found with previous data. Wonnae-dong's Whiteware (C-1) showed considerably high $SiO_2$ concentration differently from the other potteries. Wonnae-dong's Whiteware (C-2) showed similar characteristics with potteries of Seoul-Kyeongi and Daejeon-Chungnam provinces in chemical compositions of the body and the glaze. Wonnae-dong's celadons (B-1 and B-2) were classified as the group of Daejeon, Chungman provincial potteries in chemical compositions of the body. It was difficult to distinguish the characteristic differences in the Buncheong data between the provinces with the Seger formula analysis and the PCA. Celadon from Yucheon-ri site showed the same characteristics with previous data reported. The results above demonstrated that it is reasonable to study the characterization of potteries and analogy of manufactured origin with a comparison for the chemical compositions of the body and the glaze of the potteries by using the Seger formula analysis and the PCA.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.84-89
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• 1992

Concentrations of major minerals(Ca, p, Na, K, Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Zn) were measured in human milk samples collected from 19 selected, healthy lactating women at 2~5 days, and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks postpartum. Decreases in the contents of m) or minerals and trace elements were found with the increase of time postpartum. Mean Ca contents of 2~5 days, 4 week, 8 week and 12 week in human milk were 243.02$\pm$50.90ug/ml, 295.0$\pm$65.70ug/ml, 295.0$\pm$41.50ug/ml, 349.90$\pm$83.50ug/ml, respectively And mean P contents of 2~5 days, 4 week, 8 week and 12 week in human milk were 134.70$\pm$49.4ug/ml, 134.90$\pm$19.70ug/ml, 117.60$\pm$18.90ug/ml, 130.60$\pm$28.20ug/ml, respectively. Ca/P of them were 1.81, 2.19, 2.20, 2.68, respectively. Mean Mg contents of them were 22.30$\pm$5.60ug/ml, 25.70$\pm$3.70ug/ml, 25.10$\pm$3.60ug/ml, 32.10$\pm$4.50ug/ml, respectively. And mean Na contents of them were 171.20$\pm$90.50ug/ml, 158.70$\pm$47.00ug/ml, 104.50$\pm$24.70ug/ml, 115.90$\pm$12.50ug/ml, respectively. Mean K contents of them were 506.10$\pm$156.10ug/ml, 520.90$\pm$55.00ug/ml, 370.10$\pm$29.00ug/ml, 468.40$\pm$75.70ug/ml, respectively. Na/K of them were 0.34, 0.30, 0.28, 0.25, respectively. Mean Fe contents of them were 2.80$\pm$1.80ug/ml, 2.70$\pm$0.40ug/ml, 2.60$\pm$0.40ug/ml, 2.10$\pm$0.10ug/ml, respectively. And mean Zn contents of them were 3.70$\pm$1.60ug/ml, 2.78$\pm$9.70ug/ml, 2.70$\pm$0.70ug/ml, 2.30$\pm$0.20ug/ml, respectively, These determinations will provide the basic information on the variability of major minerals and trace elements as lactation proceeds and on the composition of components between term and preterm milk.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 2016

The neutron activation inventories in reactor vessel and its internals, and bio-shield of a PWR nuclear power plant were calculated to evaluate the effect of impurity elements contained in the structural materials on the activation inventory. Carbon steel is, in this work, used as the reactor vessel material, stainless steel as the reactor vessel internals, and ordinary concrete as the bio-shield. For stainless steel and carbon steel, one kind of impurity concentration was employed, and for ordinary concrete five kinds were employed in this study using MCNP5 and FISPACT for the calculation of neutron flux and activation inventory, respectively. As the results, specific activities for the cases with impurity elements were calculated to be more than twice than those for the cases without impurity elements in stainless and carbon steel. Especially, the specific activity for the concrete material with impurity elements was calculated to be 30 times higher than that without impurity. Neutron induced reactions and activation inventories in each material were also investigated, and it is noted that major radioactive nuclide in steel material is Co-60 from cobalt impurity element, and, in concrete material, Co-60 and Eu-152 from cobalt and europium impurity elements, respectively. The results of this study can be used for nuclear decommissioning plan during activation inventory assessment and regulation, and it is expected to be used as a reference in the design phase of nuclear power plant, considering the decommissioning of nuclear power plants or nuclear facilities.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.120-129
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• 2015

Explosion effect on CG (Computer Graphic) a visual effect on which a higher degree of technological difficulty is required with a variety of effect elements such as Fire, Smoke, Flame, Dust, Debris, etc. integrated on it. As skills for CG software have been advanced, solutions loaded with functions of various fluid simulation have been developed. So more realistic special effects came to be available. However, in Korea, it depends just on CG program functions. Besides, enough R&D's concerned have not been followed up. Accordingly, this study is aimed at offering a production method that may effectively implement more realistic explosion effects under experimentations. To begin with, the study derives problems through a precedent study of the implementation of existing explosion effects. Then to solve them, experimental studies are performed depending on four solutions. There are accesses to the four solutions: first, Numerous Turbulent Flow, a method to allow an attribute of turbulent air in the stage of fluid simulation; second, Cache Retiming Solution produced in script; third, Multiple Volume Container based on cached data; and fourth, RGB Lighting Pipeline, a method to enhance the completion of the result from the stage of composition. Characteristics of effects applied in each stage and consecutive connections of them proved the effective implementation of more realistic explosion effects. This study may not only suppose the production method for efficient explosion effects differentiated from the previous ones but also be utilized as basic data for relevant researches.