• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.607-625
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• 2020

This research tries to examine the possibility of non-regular workers' electronic panopticon experience and the possibility of secularization, and get which meaning of life through that. Seven participants were selected for this Ethnography Research; Five young workers and two self-employees. The research is as follows. First, the media system and medium such as the smartphone and social media operate as the electronics panopticon device which constantly being watched. Second, this kind of electronics panopticon experience tries to observe the discipline of itself and experiencing de-extermination which lost its diversity by intended to internalize the actions demanded by the employer. Finally, the participants performed secularization by resisting power devices through smart devices and media and seeking workers' rights and interests through the community. Therefore, this research confirms the media could function as electronic panopticons device and as a device for the possibility of secularization.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.335-346
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• 2008

Causal relations in ontology should be defined based on the inference types necessary to solve problems specific to application as well as domain. In this paper, we present a model to define and extract causal relations for application ontology for Question-Answering (QA) on fault-diagnosis of electronic devices. Causal categories are defined by analyzing generic patterns of QA application; the relations between concepts in the corpus belonging to the causal categories are defined as causal relations. Instances of casual relations are extracted using lexical patterns in the concept definitions of domain, and extended incrementally with information from thesaurus. On the evaluation by domain specialists, our model shows precision of 92.3% in classification of relations and precision of 80.7% in identifying causal relations at the extraction phase.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.589-596
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• 2019

With the proliferation of intelligent transportation system (ITS) with dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) deployment, there are various applications requiring different throughput and reliability performance. To meet the enhanced throughput requirements in newly generated applications, IEEE 802.11bd is proposed to standardize for support of enhanced throughput and latency, preserving the fairness with previously deployed WLAN V2X devices. One of the main features of IEEE 802.11 bd is 20 MHz transmission to support the high data rate. In this paper, the primary channel selection method is proposed to guarantee the fairness with frame transmissions with 10 MHz bandwith including communications in WLAN V2X devices deployed with IEEE 802.11p. Simulation shows that the proposed channel access method for 20 MHz transmission with primary selection preserves the fairness without the change of channel access method in wide-band transmission.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.366.2-366.2
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• 2014

Impedance spectroscopy allows for simultaneous characterization of interface-controlled materials and/or devices in terms of electrical and dielectric aspects. Recently, there have tremendous interests in 2-dimensional electron gas layers (2DEGs) involving $LaAlO_3$ and $SrTiO_3$ whose features incorporates extremely high mobility and carrier concentrations along with metallic responses unlike the constituents, $LaAlO_3$ and $SrTiO_3$. Impedance spectroscopy offers the following unique features, such as simultaneous determination of conductivity and dielectric constants, identification of electrical origins among bulk-, grain boundary-, and electrode-based responses. Impedance spectroscopy was applied to the 2DEG $LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3$ system, in order to extract the electrical and dielectric information operating in the 2DEG system. The unique responses of the 2DEG system are investigated in terms of temperature and device structures. The underlying mechanism of the 2DEG system is proposed with the aim to optimizing the high-mobility 2DEG responses and to expedite the associated devices towards the high-density integrated chips.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.290-293
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• 2003

Ohmic contact characteristics of Al ion implanted n-type SiC wafer were investigated. Al ions implanted with high dose to obtain the final concentration of $5{\times}10^{19}/cm^3$, then annealed at high temperature. Firstly, B ion ion implanted p-well region were formed which is needed for fabrication of SiC devices such as DIMOSFET and un diode. Secondly, Al implanted high dose region for ohmic contact were formed. After ion implantation, the samples were annealed at high temperature up to $1600^{\circ}C\;and\;1700^{\circ}C$ for 30 min in order to activate the implanted ions electrically. Both the inear TLM and circular TLM method were used for characterization. Ni/Ti metal layer was used for contact metal which is widely used in fabrication of ohmic contacts for n-type SiC. The metal layer was deposited by using RF sputtering and rapid thermal annealed at $950^{\circ}C$ for 90sec. Good ohmic contact characteristics could be obtained regardless of measuring methods. The measured specific contact resistivity for the samples annealed at $1600^{\circ}C\;and\;1700^{\circ}C$ were $1.8{\times}10^{-3}{\Omega}cm^2$, $5.6{\times}10^{-5}{\Omega}cm^2$, respectively. Using the same metal and same process of the ohmic contacts in n-type SiC, it is found possible to make a good ohmic contacts to p-type SiC. It is very helpful for fabricating a integrated SiC devices. In addition, we obtained that the ratio of the electrically activated ions to the implanted Al ions were 10% and 60% for the samples annealed at $1600^{\circ}C\;and\;1700^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2017

Background Skin erosion is a dire complication of implantable cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators. Classical treatments involve removal of the entire generator and lead systems, however, these may result in fatal complications. In this study, we present our experience with a simplified salvage technique for exposed implantable cardiac electronic devices (ICEDs) without removing the implanted device, in an attempt to reduce the risks and complication rates associated with this condition. Methods The records of 10 patients who experienced direct ICED exposure between January 2012 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The following surgical procedure was performed in all patients: removal of skin erosion and capsule, creation of a new pocket at least 1.0-1.5 cm inferior to its original position, migration of the ICED to the new pocket, and insertion of closed-suction drainage. Patients with gross local sepsis or septicemia were excluded from this study. Results Seven patients had cardiac pacemakers and the other 3 had implantable cardiac defibrillators. The time from primary ICED placement to exposure ranged from 0.3 to 151 months (mean, 29 months. Postoperative follow-up in this series ranged from 8 to 31 months (mean follow-up, 22 months). Among the 10 patients, none presented with any signs of overt infection or cutaneous lesions, except 1 patient with hematoma on postoperative day 5. The hematoma was successfully treated by surgical removal and repositioning of the closed-suction drainage. Conclusions Based on our experience, salvage of exposed ICEDs is possible without removing the device in selected patients.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2017

Background The current indications of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) have expanded to include young patients with serious cardiac risk factors, but CIED placement has the disadvantage of involving unsightly scarring and bulging of the chest wall. A collaborative team of cardiologists and plastic surgeons developed a technique for the subpectoral placement of CIEDs in young female patients via a transaxillary approach. Methods From July 2012 to December 2015, subpectoral CIED placement via an axillary incision was performed in 10 young female patients, with a mean age of 25.9 years and mean body mass index of $20.1kg/m^2$. In the supine position, with the patient's shoulder abducted, an approximately 5-cm linear incision was made along one of the deepest axillary creases. The submuscular plane was identified at the lateral border of the pectoralis major, and the dissection continued over the clavipectoral fascia until the subpectoral pocket could securely receive a pulse generator. Slight upward dissection also exposed an entrance to the subclavian vein, allowing the cardiology team to gain access to the vein. One patient with dilated cardiomyopathy underwent augmentation mammoplasty and CIED insertion simultaneously. Results One case of late-onset device infection occurred. All patients were highly satisfied with the results and reported that they would recommend the procedure to others. Conclusions With superior aesthetic outcomes compared to conventional methods, the subpectoral placement of CIEDs via a transaxillary approach is an effective, single-incision method to hide operative scarring and minimize bulging of the device, and is particularly beneficial for young female or lean patients.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.348-352
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• 2007

In submicron processes, the feature size of ULSI devices is critical, and it is necessary both to reduce the RC time delay for device speed performance and to enable higher current densities without electromigration. In case of contacts between semiconductor and metal in semiconductor devices, it may be very unstable during the thermal annealing process. To prevent these problems, we deposited tungsten carbon nitride (W-C-N) ternary compound thin film as a diffusion barrier for preventing the interdiffusion between metal and semiconductor. The thickness of W-C-N thin film is $1,000{\AA}$ and the process pressure is 7mTorr during the deposition of thin film. In this work we studied the interface effects W-C-N diffusion barrier using the XRD and 4-point probe.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1563-1568
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• 2012

Printed electronics is a technology used for forming electronic circuits or devices, and it is used in the manufacture of many products such as RFID tags, solar cells, and flexible display panels with a much lower cost than in the case of semiconductor process technology. Web-guide-type printing such as roll-to-roll printing is a method used to produce printed electronic devices in a large volume. To commercialize such products, highly precise alignment between printed layers is required. In this study, a highly precise alignment system is proposed, and some experimental results are compared with those obtained using a laser surface vibrometer to illustrate the reliability of the proposed system. The robustness of the proposed system to web deformation is also considered experimentally.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.568-579
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• 2015

Recently, mobile devices with touch display panel are widely used. Accuracy and reaction speed of touch signal are very important in touch devices. Therefore, we need to develop an effective algorithm to reduce touch noise quickly and accurately. This paper proposes a touch noise reduction algorithm using Kalman filtering in consideration of signal motion. First, a specific pre-emphasis processing is applied to an input signal so as to maximize the effect of Kalman filtering. In other words, a pure signal in the touch signal increases but noise in the touch signal decreases. Next, motion of the signal is detected. Motion estimation is performed only if motion is detected. If we detect motion by using the only neighborhood of the signal, we can reduce about 75% of the computation in comparison with examining the entire area. Finally, Kalman filtering using the previous state of current signal is performed. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm suppresses touch noise sufficiently without degradation of the pure signal