• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.67-81
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• 2010

As wide propagation of smartphones, e-commerce with smartphones increases rapidly. Such as transfer or stock trade systems. It has prospect that most of financial companies going to offer e-commerce systems via smartphones. And e-commerce via smartphones will be increased, hence the nature of smartphone that can be used whenever, wherever. However, legislation of e-commerce in Korea does not reflect these characteristics of smartphones, because it has set standards in regular PC. So that this study is security threat and feature of smartphones considering that the current legal system will use Certificate constraints, ensuring the safety of e-commerce and install security programs for protection of users, e-commerce responsible for the accident analysis has focused on the issues presented for this improvement.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• v.11B no.3
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• pp.104-111
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• 2001

The design procedures and experimental results of a single-stage electronic ballast using half-bridge resonant inverter are presented in this paper. The proposed topology is based on a single-stage ballast which combines a boost converter and a half-bradge series resonant inverter. High power factor is achieved by using the boost semi-stage operating in discontinuous conduction mode and inverter semi-stage operated above resonant frequency to provide zero voltage switching is empolyed to ballast the fluorescent lamp Experimental results from the ballast system with 36W fluorescent

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.323-365
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• 1999

The digital revolution is happening much more quickly and Internet Commerce and Electronic Commerce is having a profound influence on the global trade and internal commerce, revolutionize the way of doing business, especially retail and direct marketing. Owing to Internet, an increasing share of business transactions occurs online. Electronic payment is essential for the smooth progress of the electronic commerce as electronic payment plays the important role in the electronic commerce, that is, the value transfer resulting from the electronic commerce. So far, there have not been a considerable emphasis on the risks residing in the electronic payment and money. So, this paper deals with the risks in the electronic payment and money, in particular technical risks and social risks, and the reliability-increasing schemes to prevent the risks in the electronic payment. The reliability-increasing schemes relate to the security of the electronic payment systems and certification authority and key management, transaction rules between the parties concerned in the electronic payment.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

Purpose: Increasing advancements in the technology industry are forcing people to become more accustomed to digital financial transaction activities. The need for fast and secure payment mechanisms has birthing new idea to digital financial transaction services. Along with increasing access to technology in digital payments, new service is developed in the form of digital wallets as the successor for electronic money. Research design, data and methodology: This research aims to find out whether using QR code as digital payment tool can build customer loyalty in consumers, especially to measure the factors of satisfaction, trust and commitment of customers to do payments with QR Codes. The QR code in this study is refer to the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) which was officially implemented by Bank Indonesia starting on January 1, 2020 as a means of payment for digital transactions nationally. The research method uses a quantitative approach by way of surveying questionnaires using Likert scale of 100 samples. Results: The hypothesis analysis proved that the variables of satisfaction, trust and commitment together have positive and significant influences on customer loyalty. Conclusion: This research found that there are high interest in Millennials to do transaction using QRIS because it is deemed to be more easy, quick and safe. If a customer achieves a level of loyalty in the usage of digital transaction using QRIS then cashless society lifestyle can be considered successful and can be used in the future.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.15
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• pp.59-78
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• 2002

It is only 9 to 10 years since the use of internet became commercial. But electronic commerce is now a familiar form of commercial transaction. Though the ratio of electronic commerce compared to total commercial transaction is still low, it is certain that electronic commerce will be the major form of transactions in the future. In July 1, 1997, United States made a public "A Framework for Global Electronic Commerce" to set up Internet to be a duty free zone and declared to play the trigger role in getting the international discussion of "A Framework for Global Electronic Commerce". In July 8, 1997, EU also adopted "Bonn Declaration"-minimizing government regulations and imposing no new tax on electronic commerce. Focusing the international trend, we need to develop the tax policy that is suitable for our country situation as soon as we can. To be able to do that, we must make an endless effort like selecting professionals, making new administrative part and supporting the research.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2019

Electronic voting has been followed by a lot of research as it provides convenience to voters and increases participation rates. Nevertheless, electronic voting has not been widespread yet. The existing electronic voting system does not guarantee credibility, and there arises a question on the security that the voting could be forged or altered by the attack to the central server. In this paper, we proposed blockchain based systems to solve the problems in electronic voting. Although the blockchain may guarantee the security of transaction data, there have been only a few electronic voting systems implemented using the blockchain. We developed blockchain enabled voting and brought out some of its related legal, technical and operational challenges to enforce more security in voting. Unlike centralized voting, the systems could enforce security and solve the problems such as forgery or alteration of transaction data caused by hacking or any attempts to gain control of the central server system.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.229-247
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• 1999

Where a paper document, a manual signature, or negotiability is required in statute, then solutions must be found through a change in the law. However, where the problem originates in commercial usage, then the solution can be easier, and speedy. Certainly, nearly all of the functions that paper document provides can be equally, or better, satisfied by electronic means. That is, Electronic Commerce(EC), which has been increasing rapidly and is a new type of transaction, may be hindered by legal obstacles to use of Electronic Message, or by uncertainty to its legal effect and validity. Therefore, it is important to sustain legal effect to Electronic Message for the prosperity of EC The one of solutions is to use reliable Electronic signature system by Certification Authority to verify the authenticity of Electronic Message.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.105-123
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• 2006

Electronic Promissory Note started to reducing complexity in paper Promissory Note. In Recent the electronic documents and signature have the same validity as per documents and handwritten signatures. The movement of dematerializing promissory note is becoming common, and the National Assembly proposed Electronic Promissory Note Act of 2001 which is now being discussed in Korea. Especially the Electronic Credits is now becoming the most important means for payment of the business procurement both in on-line commerce and off-line commerce. Electronic Promissory Note has the same legal effect as the promissory note except that the Act provides to the Electronic Promissory Note specially.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2006

Peer-to-peer systems (P2P) are rapidly growing in importance on the Internet environment, quickly extending the range of their usage. However, peer-to-peer systems have not been widely applied in electronic commerce because they have not been established as an appropriate business model. Therefore, we firstly review the previous research relevant to peer-to-peer systems, and then analyze the business models for P2P systems presented by previous researchers. Furthermore, this study categorizes major issues in terms of the technical and business model aspects. On the basis of these reviews, we develop P2P electronic commerce systems based on the file sharing method between users, focusing on user interface friendliness. A developed P2P electronic commerce systems are programmed by using the C# based on the Microsoft.net solution. A database is implemented using the MSSQL2000. A main application technology is designed that P2P electronic commerce systems make it possible. for user to extend into BtoB Solution by using WSDL (Web Services Description Language), UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration) and the XML that is a document for users. User interface is made as form of Internet messenger for a user's convenience and is possible to develop into a commodity transaction system based on XML. In this study, it is possible for the P2P electronic commerce system to have extended application to fields such as Internet shopping mall and property transaction in a nonprofit organization, a public institution and a large scale nonprofit institution that have a similar structure as compared with a structure of a nonprofit educational institution.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.13
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• pp.805-833
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• 2000

Electronic commerce facilitates trade and lower transaction cost can help firms make use of the opportunities of globalization of production and markets. Electronic commerce has broad implications for future trade. These implications include the effect on trade policy making and enforcement. And it is important to ensure that the present and future trading system de jure and de facto allows electronic commerce to realize its potentials as an alternative or a complement to conventional trade. The comprehensive work program had been implemented to examine all trade-related issues relating to global electronic commerce before the Seattle 3rd Ministerial Conference which was suspended. In general, Member countries recognized the need to ensure that electronic commerce in all its forms is conducted in full conformity with WTO principles and rules. But, there are still major issues to be solved such as access to relevant electronic systems, competition policy in telecomnunications services, WTO provisions relating to the protection of IPRs, the clarification of a number of key concepts and definitions, etc.