• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2016

Objectives To evaluate the evidence supporting the effectiveness of Chuna manual therapy for primary insomnia. Methods The researcher conducted search across the 3 electronic databases (Pubmed, CAJ and Oasis) to find all of randomized controlled clinical trials(RCTs) that used Chuna manual therapy as a treatment for primary insomnia. Results Four RCTs met inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed positive results for the use of Chuna manual therapy in terms of the PSQI when compared to medication treatments alone. Positive results were also obtained, in terms of the PSQI, when comparing Chuna manual therapy combined with acupuncture therapy to acupuncture therapy alone, but was not statistically significant. Conclusions The review found encouraging but limited evidence of Chuna manual therapy for primary insomnia. We recommend clinical trials which compare the effectiveness of Chuna manual therapy with usual care to obtain stronger evidence without the demerits of trial design.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.401-413
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• 2022

Pragmatic clinical studies, an emerging clinical research discipline, include a wide range of studies that are largely embedded with routine clinical practice and aim to evaluate the comparative effectiveness and safety of different clinical intervention strategies. Increased availability and quality of electronic medical/health records drives the development of pragmatic clinical studies. In this review, we describe evolution of the conceptual framework of pragmatic clinical studies and share perspectives on the importance of pragmatic clinical studies in evidence-based practice for cardiovascular diseases, as a complement to conventional randomized controlled trials. We also highlight specific needs of pragmatic clinical studies in improving evidence-based practice for cardiovascular disease in Asian countries. The main challenges of pragmatic clinical studies are discussed briefly in this review.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2011

Due to the wide use of internet, electronic commerce market is gradually increasing but consumers still conceive various transaction-related problems. Various studies argue that those problems are obstructing trust in electronic commerce. Most studies on electronic commerce address that trust is measured as a Single dimension in which factors obstructing trust are same as those of increasing distrust. However, this study doesn't view trust as a single dimensional level but understands trust and distrust are bidimensional. This study also holds a viewpoint that they are influenced by different antecedents. According to the results of empirical analysis, the antecedents of trust have a significant explanatory power to trust and those of distrust have it to distrust. Other relations among the notions of trust and distrust, perceived risk and purchase intention as depicted in the research model are all statistically significant except the relation between distrust and purchase intention. This study shows a strong evidence of the bidimensionality of trust with separate antecedents.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.138-155
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• 2002

Objective : The purpose of this study is to work on the problems and on the direction of the study regarding the evidence-based study of Acupuncture. Methods : We reviewed the PubMed electronic database. Eight articles of systematic review without meta-analysis and six articles without meta-analysis were selected. Results : In the study of eight articles of systematic review without meta-analysis, there were two articles on effectiveness of acupuncture and one on non-effectiveness of acupuncture. Four articles were about the changes according to the quality of randomized controlled trials. Also, one article was about the side-effect of acupuncture. In the study of six articles of systematic review with meta-analysis, there were two articles on Odds Ratio, two on Relative Risk, one on number-needed-to-treat, and two on 18 predefined methodological criteria. Conclusion : As the quality of RCTs was high, positive response decreased and as the quality of RCTs was low, positive response increased. For the study of evidence-based acupuncture, it is necessary that we conduct research on well-planned placebo acupuncture, large sample size, statistical method, method of searching and assessing literature and method of meta-analysis.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2018

Objectives: To evaluate the evidence supporting the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine, including Chuna manual therapy, for the treatment ofosteoarthritis. Methods: We conducted a search of 8 electronic databases(Pubmed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CAJ, KISTI, NDSL, and RISS) to find all randomized controlled clinical trials that discuss Chuna manual therapy forosteoarthritis till May 2018. Results: Our inclusion criteria selected 7eligible RCTs involving 633 participants. The meta-analysis of 6 studies showed positive results for the useof Chinese medicine, including Chuna manual therapy, for treating knee osteoarthritis. There was no evidence of worsening symptoms or any adverse events. Conclusions: Our systematic review found favorable evidence regardingthe effectiveness of Chinese medicine, including Chuna manual therapy, for treating knee osteoarthritis. However, our systematic review had several limitations owingto the low quality of original articles andadditionalclinical trials would be necessary for stronger evidence.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2008

2006년 12월 미국의 민사소송규칙(FRCP) 개정으로 e-discovery(전자증거개시) 제도가 시행되고 있으나, 이 제도는 디지털 증거의 관리와 제출과정에서 발생할 수 있는 과도한 비용과 시간의 낭비와 같은 다양한 문제점들을 가지고 있다. 현재 e-discovery 제도의 국내 도입 논의가 진행되고 있는 상황에서 본 논문에서는 e-discovery의 절차 중 디지털 증거를 소송상대방에게 제출하는 production 단계에서 발생할 수 있는 민감한 자료 유출, 읽기 불가능, 위 변조 및 손상 등과 같은 문제점에 대해 살펴보고, 이 문제점들을 해결하고 비용과 시간의 낭비를 최소화 할 수 있는 안전한 온라인 디지털 증거 전송 시스템을 제안한다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1349-1359
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• 2021

The electronic money market in Indonesia continues to experience an increase in the number of users and volume of transactions. However, the electronic money market, especially server-based, in Indonesia is becoming concentrated into a few issuers. Electronic money issuers compete in price and promotion wars to gain new customers and maintain their existing ones. This paper presents an analysis of the orientation and factors that influence the loyalty in electronic money products. The research model variables in this study are adopted from the E-Service Quality and Marketing Mix categories. These variables are hypothesized to affect the perceived value and then customer loyalty. The research population consists of all Indonesians who use server-based electronic money, with a sample of 400 individuals. The results show that, in the E-Service Quality group, reliability, responsiveness, and security significantly affect perceived value, while the perceived price and perceived promotional benefits significantly affect perceived value in the Marketing Mix group. The perceived price has the highest effect on the perceived value and customer loyalty, while the perceived value has a significant effect on customer loyalty. Finally, it was found that the customer is more sensitive to the price than quality in using electronic money.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2021

The aim of this study is to fill gaps in emerging empirical evidence and negative electronic word of mouth (NeWOM) in repurchase intention (RI) moderated by the roles of social network sites (SNS) and company mitigation response (CMR). This type of research is descriptive. The sample used in this study is online consumers who buy energy drinks, based on the questionnaire obtained by 145 respondents. Based on the results of testing the estimation of the structural equation model, it was found that the negative variable brand experience sharing had no significant effect on NeWOM; the negative variable electronic reviews had a significant effect on the electronic word of mouth variable, the negative variable electronic reviews had a significant effect on the negative electronic variable word of mouth, the variable intensity of the use of social networking sites can strengthen the direction of the causal influence between the negative variables sharing brand experiences on negative electronic words of mouth. The variable social networking sites usage intensity can strengthen the direction of the effect of causality between negative electronic review variables on negative electronic word of mouth, the negative brand experience sharing variable does not have a significant effect on the repurchase intention variable.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2014

Although gold wire bonding techniques have already matured in semiconductor manufacturing, weakly bonded wires in semiconductor chip assembly can jeopardize the reliability of the final product. In this paper, weakly bonded or failed aluminum bonding pads are analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron Spectroscopy (AES), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) to investigate potential contaminants on the bond pad. We found the source of contaminants is related to the dry etching process in the previous manufacturing step, and fluorocarbon plasma etching of a passivation layer showed meaningful evidence of the formation of fluorinated by-products of $AlF_x$ on the bond pads. Surface analysis of the contaminated aluminum layer revealed the presence of fluorinated compounds $AlOF_x$, $Al(OF)_x$, $Al(OH)_x$, and $CF_x$.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.57-60
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• 1998

Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) was synthesized by use of FeCl$_3$ as a oxidizing agent at $25^{\circ}C$. The infrared spectrum of our polymer gave good evidence for the conjugation of 3-hexylthiophene monomer unit. P3HT contains the HT(head-to-tail) linkage larger than 64% based on NMR analysis. Electronic absorption and photoluminescence studies show that cast films of P3HT have three exciting state. Absorption spectrum was separated with three maximum peaks by Giese-French method and shifted to the shorter wavelength with increasing temperature. Separated absorption spectrum of P3HT is well adapted to PL peak appeared at longer wavelength. Low temperature PL spectrum is well separated at 669nm, 733nm and 812nm.