• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.284-284
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• 2010

Currently, hydrogen has been produced by Steam Reforming or partial oxidation reforming processes mainly from oil, coal, and natural gas and results in the production of $CO_2$. However, these are influenced greatly on the green house effect of the earth. so it is important to find the new way to produce hydrogen utilizing water without producing any environmentally harmful by-products. In our research, we use microwave water plasma and photocatalyst to improve dissociation rate of water. At low pressure plasma, electron have high energy but density is low, so temperature of reactor is low. This may cause of recombination in the generated hydrogen and oxygen from splitting water. If it want to high dissociation rate of water, it is necessary to control of recombination of the hydrogen and oxygen using photocatalyst. We utilize the photocatalytic material($TiO_2$, ZnO) coated plasma reactor to use UV in the plasma. The quantity of hydrogen generated was measured by a Residual Gas Analyzer.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2020

Silver nanoparticles were loaded onto g-C₃N₄ (CN) with a nanoroll-type morphology (Ag/CN) synthesized using a co-polymerization method for highly selective conversion of toxic nitrobenzene to industrially-valuable aminobenzene. Scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images of Ag/CN revealed the generation of the nanoroll-type morphology of CN. Additionally, HRTEM analysis provided direct evidence of the generation of a Schottky barrier between Ag and CN in the Ag/CN nanohybrid. Photoluminescence analysis and photocurrent measurements suggested that the introduction of Ag into CN could minimize charge recombination rates, enhancing the mobility of electrons and holes to the surface of the photocatalyst. Compared to pristine CN, Ag/CN displayed much higher ability in the photocatalytic reduction of nitrobenzene to aminobenzene, underscoring the importance of Ag deposition on CN. The enhanced photocatalytic performance and photocurrent generation were primarily ascribed to the Schottky junction formed at the Ag/CN interface, greater visible-light absorption efficiency, and improved charge separation associated with the nanoroll morphology of CN. Ag would act as an electron sink/trapping center, enhancing the charge separation, and also serve as a good co-catalyst. Overall, the synergistic effects of these features of Ag/CN improved the photocatalytic conversion of nitrobenzene to aminobenzene.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.329-333
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• 2013

SiOC films were prepared by capacitively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition, and the correlation between the binding energy by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Arrhenius equation for ionization energy was studied. The ionization energy decreased with increase of the potential barrier, and then the dielectric constant also decreased. The binding energy decreased with increase of the potential barrier. The dielectric constant and electrical characteristic of SiOC film was obtained by Arrhenius equation. The dielectric constant of SiOC film was decreased by lowering the polarization, which was made from the recombination between opposite polar sites, and the dissociation energy during the deposition. The SiOC film with the lowest dielectric constant had a flat surface, which depended on how carbocations recombined with other broken bonds of precursor molecules, and it became a fine cross-linked structure with low ionization energy, which contributed to decreasing the binding energy by Si 2p, C 1s electron orbital spectra and O 1s electron orbital spectra. The dielectric constant after annealing decreased, owing to the extraction of the $H_2O$ group, and lowering of the polarity.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.239.1-239.1
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• 2011

Dye sensitized solar cells (DSC) are promising devices for inexpensive, nontoxic, transparent, and large-scale solar energy conversion. Generally thick $TiO_2$ nanoporous films act as efficient photoanodes with their large surface area for absorbing light. However, electron transport through nanoparticle networks causes the slowdown and the loss of electron transport because of a number of interparticle boundaries inside the conduction path. We have studied DSCs with precisely dimension-controlled $TiO_2$ nanotubes array as photoanode. $TiO_2$ nanotubes array is prepared by template-directed fabrication method with atomic layer deposition. Well-ordered nanotubes array provides not only large surface area for light absorbing but also direct pathway for electrons with minimalized grain boundaries. Large enlongated anatase grains in the nanotubes could enhance the conductivity of electrons, but also suppress the recombination with holes through defect sites during diffusion into the electrode. To study the effect of grain boundaries, we fabricated two kinds of nanotubes which have different grain sizes by controlling deposition conditions. And we studied electron conduction through two kinds of nanotubes with different grain structures. The solar cell performance was studied as a function of thickness and grain structures. And overall solar-to-electric energy conversion efficiencies of up to 7% were obtained.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.2512-2518
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• 2014

The praseodymium-doped $TiO_2$ photocatalyst samples, which could degrade methyl orange under UV irradiation, were prepared by sol-microwave method for improving the photocatalytic activity of $TiO_2$. The resulting materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS). It was found Pr doping retarded the growth of crystalline size and the phase transformation from anatase to rutile, and narrowed the band gap energy. Praseodymium doping brought about remarkable improvement in the photoactivity. The optimal dopant amount of Pr was 2% by molar of cement and the calcination temperature was $500^{\circ}C$ for the best photocatalytic activity. The improvement of photocatalytic activity was ascribed to the occurrence of lattice distortion and the effective containment of the recombination of the electron-hole by $Pr^{3+}$.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2012년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.997-999
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• 2012

방사선 진단 목적으로 디지털 X-ray 영상 디텍터는 널리 사용 되고 있다. 비정질 셀레늄(amorphous selenium, a-Se)은 직접 방식 디텍터의 광전도체(photoconductor)를 구성하는 주요 재질 중 하나로 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 본 연구는 2차원 디바이스 시뮬레이터를 사용하여 파란색 빛을(파장=486 nm) 조사한 상태에서 고전압(High voltage, HV)을 인가하여 비정질 셀레늄 광전류 크기를 분석 하였다. 또한 비정질 셀레늄 내부의 전자-정공 생성 율, 전자-정공 재결합 율, 전자/정공의 농도 분포도에 추가로 분석한 연구 결과이다. 본 시뮬레이션 방법은 직접방식 디지털 X-ray 영상 디텍터 분석에 있어서 유용한 방법으로 향후 디지털 방사선 영상 디텍터 개발에 많이 응용될 것으로 예상된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.353-356
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• 2014

We fabricated organic photovoltaic (OPV) based on ZnO ripple structure on indium tin oxide as electron-collecting layers and PTB7-F20 as donor polymer. In addition, atomic layer deposition (ALD) was used for preparing additional ZnO layers on rippled ZnO. Addition of 2 nm-thick ALD-ZnO resulted in enhanced initial OPV performance and stability. Based on photoluminescence results, we suggest that ALD-ZnO layers reduced number of surface defect sites on ZnO, which can act as electron-hole recombination center of OPV, and increased resistance of ZnO towards surface defect formation.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.380-390
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• 2020

In this study, the traditional electron-blocking layer (EBL) in (In,Ga)N/GaN light-emitting diodes is replaced by a circular EBL that is the same size as the n-pad. The three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear Poisson, drift-diffusion, and continuity equations are adopted to simulate current transport in the LED and its characteristics. The results indicate that the local carrier-density distribution obtained for the circular EBL design is more uniform than that for the traditional EBL design. This improves the uniformity of local radiative recombination and local internal quantum efficiency (IQE) at high injection levels, which leads to a higher lumped IQE and lower efficiency droop. With the circular EBL, the lumped IQE is higher in the outer active region and lower in the active region under the n-pad. Since most emissions from the active region under the n-pad are absorbed by the n-pad, obviously, an LED with a circular EBL will have a higher external quantum efficiency (EQE). The results also show that this LED works at lower applied voltages.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.506-510
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• 2010

염료감응 태양전지에서 $TiO_2$의 표면에서 일어나는 전자의 재결합 현상은 태양전지의 변환효율을 떨어뜨리는 주요한 원인이다. 본 연구에서는 이 전자의 재결합 현상을 제어하기 위해 $TiO_2$의 표면에 에너지 장벽을 도입하여 변환효율을 향상시키고자 하였다. $TiO_2$ 나노전극에 에너지 장벽의 역할을 하는 $Nb_2O_5$를 코팅시켰다. 코팅의 영향을 알아보기 위해 코팅횟수를 변화시키며 실험하였다. 가시광선 영역에서의 반사율로부터 코팅의 유무를 확인하고 회절패턴으로부터 코팅물질이 $Nb_2O_5$임을 확인하였다. 재결합을 제어할 수 있는 코팅막의 두께를 측정해 본 결과, 12회 코팅하였을 때 코팅막의 두께는 약 5 nm로 1회 코팅시 적층되는 코팅막의 두께는 약 0.417 nm로 볼 수 있었다. 코팅횟수에 따른 변환효율의 변화는 코팅막이 없는 경우 2.55%에서 2회 코팅한 경우 4.25%로 약 1.7배 증가하여 2회 코팅의 경우 효율이 가장 높았다. 따라서 $Nb_2O_5$ 2회 코팅의 경우 코팅막의 두께가 약 0.834 nm로 전자의 재결합을 가장 잘 제어할 수 있었다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2005

moving photocarrier grating 기술을 이용하여 디지털 X-선 변환물질 a-Se:As 필름에서 As 첨가효과에 관하여 연구하였다. 이 방법은 시료를 조사하기 위하여 주파수를 변화시킨 2개 레이저 빔의 중첩으로 얻어진 움직이는 간섭패턴을 이용한다. 시료의 수송변수는 시료에서 변조 방향으로 유도되는 grating-속도에 의존하는 전류밀도로부터 얻어진다. As 첨가에 따른 a-Se 필름의 전자와 정공 이동도 그리고 재결합 수명을 구하였다. 전자의 이동도는 결함 상태 때문에 As 첨가에 따라 감소하는 반면, 특히 a-Se 필름에 0.3% As 첨가할 때 정공 이동도와 재결합 수명이 증가하였다. MPG 기술로 얻은 As가 첨가된 a-Se 필름의 수송성질을 a-Se:As로 제작한 X-선 디텍터의 X-선 감도와 비교하였다. 실험결과 0.3% As가 첨가된 a-Se으로 제작한 X-선 디텍터가 가장 우수한 X-선 감도를 나타내었다.