• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2015

This study introduces a facile strategy to prepare metal oxide/conducting polymer nanocomposites that may have promising applications in energy storage devices. Ploy aniline/nano wire manganese dioxide (PANI/NwMnO₂) was synthesized by cyclic voltammetry on glassy carbon electrode. Morphology and structure of the composite, pure PANI, MnO₂ nanowires were fully characterized using XRD and SEM analysis. Electrochemical studies shows excellent synergistic effect between PANI and MnO₂ nanowires which results in its capacitance increase and cycle stability against PANI electrode. Specific capacitances of PANI/NwMnO₂ and PANI were 456 and 190 F/g respectively. The electrochemical performance of electrodes studied using cyclic voltammetry, Galvanostatic charge/discharge and impedance spectroscopy.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.95.1-95.1
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• 2011

In this work, graphene was prepared by modified Hummers method and prepared graphene was applied to electrode materials for supercapacitor. In addition, to enhance the electrochemical performance of graphene, carbon black was deposited onto graphene via chemical reduction. The effect of the carbon black content incorporated on the electrochemical properties of the graphene-based electrodes was investigated. It was found that nano-scaled carbon black aggregates were deposited and dispersed onto the graphene by the chemical reduction of acid treated carbon black and graphite oxide. From the cyclic voltammograms, carbon black-deposited graphene (CB-GR) showed improved electrochemical performance, i.e., current density, quicker response, and better specific capacitance than that of pristine graphene. This indicates that the carbon black deposited onto graphene served as an conductive materials between graphene layers, leading to reducing the contact resistance of graphene and resulted in the increase of the charge transfer between graphene layers by bridge effect.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2006

This article is concerned with the overview of the activated carbon fibers. Firstly, this review provides a comprehensive survey of the overall processes for the synthesis of the activated carbon fibers from the carbonaceous materials. Subsequently, the physicochemical properties such as pore structures and surface oxygen functional groups of the activated carbon fibers were discussed in detail. Finally, as electrochemical applications of the activated carbon fibers to electrode materials for electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC), the electrochemical characteristics of the activated carbon fiber electrodes and the various methods to improve the capacitance and rate capability were introduced. In particular, the effect of pore length distribution (PLD) on kinetics of double-layer charging/discharging was discussed based upon the experimental and theoretical results in our work. And then we discussed in detail the applications of the activated carbon fibers to adsorbent materials for purification of liquid and gas.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 Urea와 산 처리로 질소 및 산소 관능기가 도입된 다중벽 탄소나노튜브를 각각 제조하였으며, 표면처리에 따른 전기이중층 커패시터 (EDLCs) 특성을 관찰하였다. XPS, zeta-potential, 및 BET 분석방법을 이용하여 구조특성을 확인하였으며, 전기화학적 특성은 1 M 황산용액의 전해질에서 각각 50 $mVs^{-1}$과 100 $mVs^{-1}$의 주사속도로 순환전류 전압곡선 특성 실험을 통해 고찰하였다. 실험 결과로부터 MWNTs의 질소 원소구성비가 늘어날수록 축전용량이 증가하는 것을 확인하였으며, Urea 처리된 MWNTs의 축전용량이 가장 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 이는 전극 표면과 전하 활성종 간의 젖음성이 증가하고, 표면 관능기의 밀도가 증가하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 전기이중층 커패시터의 전극 활물질로 사용되는 페놀계 활성탄소의 비 정전용량의 증가를 위하여 붕산을 이용하여 표면처리를 수행하였다. 또한, 붕산 처리가 전기화학 특성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 고찰하였다. 활성탄소의 붕산 처리는 활성탄소의 표면에 전기화학적 특성 향상에 도움이 되는 퀴논형 관능기(O=C)의 비율을 효과적으로 증가시켰으며, 비표면적과 총 기공 부피 및 미세공 부피를 증가시켰다. 최적의 조건으로 붕산 처리된 활성탄소는 미처리활성탄소에 비해 비 정전용량이 약 20% 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로부터 활성탄소의 붕산 처리는 활성탄소의 비 정전용량을 효과적으로 증가시킬 수 있다고 사료된다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.467-472
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• 2017

Poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) 부직포 분리막 상에 poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), potassium poly(acrylate) (PAAK)의 각 고분자와 6 M KOH로 조성된 전해질을 코팅하고 이를 활성탄 수퍼커패시터에 적용하여 고분자 종류에 따른 전기화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 특징적으로 PEO와 PVA는 그 고분자 사슬의 자체 구조로 인해 알칼리 전해액 성분 (KOH)과의 상호작용이 활성적이지 않은데 반하여, PAAK는 3 wt% 함량만으로도 주사슬 및 곁사슬에 분포하는 $COO^-K^+$ 이온쌍과 전해액 내 해리되어 있는 $K^+$ 및 $OH^-$ 이온들과의 상호작용이 활성적으로 진행되어 하이드로겔을 형성하며, 이것이 이온전도 및 수퍼커패시터의 전기화학적 특성에 큰 영향을 주었다. 결과적으로 PAAK-KOH 전해질/PAN 분리막으로 포함한 활성탄 수퍼커패시터가 가장 우수한 축전용량 ($100mVs^{-1}$에서 $46.8Fg^{-1}$)을 나타내었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 전극 활물질로서 그래핀-바나듐 산화물 복합체를 pH 1.8 조건에서 0.5M $VOSO_4$ 수용액을 이용하여 전기화학적 전착을 이용해 합성하였다. 전착공정 후 다공성 바나듐 산화물이 작업전극에 생성된 것을 SEM, XRD, XPS를 통해 확인하였으며 생성된 바나듐 산화물은 $V^{5+}$와 $V^{4+}$로 존재한다. 그래핀에 전착된 바나듐 산화물의 직경 약 100 nm의 나노로드로 이루어진 망상 구조는 전극과 전해질과의 접촉을 향상시킨다. 4000 초의 전착공정을 거친 그래핀-바나듐 산화물 복합체를 작업전극으로 하여 3전극 셀에서 전기화학적 특성을 평가한 결과 20 mV/s의 주사속도에서 $854mF/cm^2$의 높은 정전용량을 나타내었고 1000회 충방전 후 초기 용량의 53%가 유지되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.219-236
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• 2022

Wood-based nanocomposite electrode materials were synthesized for application in supercapacitors by mixing nanostructured hematite (Fe₂O₃) with highly porous activated carbon (AC) produced from the wood-waste of Pinus roxburghii. The AC was characterized using various instrumental techniques and the results showed admirable electrochemical properties, such as high surface area and reasonable porosity. Firstly, AC was tested as an electrode material for supercapacitors and it showed a specific capacitance of 59.02 Fg^-1 at a current density of 1 Ag^-1, cycle life of 84.2% after 1,000 cycles (at a current density of 3 Ag^-1), and energy density of 5.1 Wh/kg at a power density of 135 Wkg^-1. However, when the AC was composited with different ratios of Fe₂O₃ (1:1, 2:1, and 1:2), there was an overall improvement in its electrochemical performance. Among the 3 ratios, 2:1 (AC:Fe₂O₃) had the best specific capacitance of 102.42 Fg^-1 at 1 Ag^-1, cycle life of 94.4% capacitance after 1,000 cycles (at a current density of 3 Ag^-1), and energy density of 8.34 Wh/kg at a power density of 395.15 Wkg^-1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte in a 3-electrode experimental setup with a high working voltage of 1.55 V. Furthermore, when Fe₂O₃ was doubled, 1:2 (AC:Fe₂O₃), the electrochemical capacitive performance of the electrode twisted and deteriorated due to either the accumulation of Fe₂O₃ particles within the composite or higher bulk resistance value of pure Fe₂O₃.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2014

Commercial activated-carbon used as the electrode material of an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) was posttreated with various acids and alkalis to increase its capacitance. The carbon samples prepared were then heat-treated in order to control the amount of acidic functional groups formed by the acid treatments. Coin-type EDLC cells with two symmetric carbon electrodes were assembled using the prepared carbon materials and an organic electrolyte. The electrochemical performance of the EDLC was measured by galvanostatic charge-discharge, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Among the various activated carbons, the carbon electrodes (CSsb800) prepared by the treatments of coconutshell-based carbon activated with NaOH and $H_3BO_5$, and then heat treated at $800^{\circ}C$ under a flow of nitrogen gas, showed relatively good electrochemical performance. Although the specific-surface-area of the carbon-electrode material ($1,096m^2/g$) was less than that of pristine activated-carbon ($1,122m^2/g$), the meso-pore volume increased after the combined chemical and heat treatments. The specific capacitance of the EDLC increased from 59.6 to 74.8 F/g (26%) after those post treatments. The equivalent series resistance of EDLC using CSsb800 as electrode was much lower than that of EDLC using pristine activated carbon. Therefore, CSsb800 exhibited superior electrochemical performance at high scan rates due to its low internal resistance.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.204-211
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• 2021

We report, synthesis of high surface area composite carbon aerogel using additive based polymerization technique by incorporating graphitic porous carbon as additive. This additive was separately prepared using sol-gel polymerization of resorcinol-furfuraldehyde in iso-propyl alcohol medium at much above the routine gelation temperature to yield porous carbon (CA-IPA) having graphitic layered morphology. CA-IPA exhibited a unique combination of meso-pore dominated surface area (~ 700 m²/g) and good conductivity of ~ 300 S/m. The composite carbon aerogel (CCA) was synthesized by traditional aqueous medium based resorcinol-formaldehyde gelation with CA-IPA as additive. The presence of CA-IPA favored enhanced meso-porosity as well as contributed to improvement in bulk conductivity. Based on the surface area characteristics, CCA-8 composition having 8% additive was found to be optimum. It showed specific surface area of ~ 2056 m²/g, mesopore area of 827 m²/g and electrical conductivity of 180 S/m. The electrode formed with CCA-8 showed improved electrochemical behavior, with specific capacitance of 148 F/g & ESR < 1 Ω, making it a better choice as super capacitor for energy storage applications.