• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 센서 박막재료 반도체 세라믹
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• pp.299-305
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• 2003

The battery industries have been developed to the implementation of lithium ion secondary cell from the cell of Ni/Cd and Ni/MH in the past to be asked of an age of high technology from low technology. Also in resent the polymeric cell to get a good high function with an age of new advanced information system is changed from the 21 century to the secondary batteries society. The properties of lithium secondary batteries have the high energy density, the long cycle time, the low self discharge area and the high active voltage. The wanted properties of secondary batteries for the motion of an apparatuses of industries of an high skill age have a small type trend of the energy density and it is become with a strong asking of the industrial society market about the storable medium of the convenience and new power energy. The electrochemical properties is researched for the cell to be synthesised and crystallized the positive active material LiMnO2 of the secondary cell at 9250C to get a new improved data of the electric discharge for that the capacitance of the LiMnO2 thin film that is improving and researching with the properties and a merit and demerit in the this kind of asking.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.2335-2342
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• 2007

최근에 레이저를 임상치료에 응용하는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 전기적 관점에서 레이저 자극이 경락에서 어떠한 전기적 반응을 유도할 수 있는지에 대한 연구가 미흡하고, 명확한 치료효과에 대한 임상보고가 발표되지 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 레이저자극과 수기자극이 경락전위 형성에 미치는 영향을 비교 관찰하여 전기적 관점에서 침술과정 및 침술효과에 대한 객관적 근거를 제시하고자 하였다. 수양명대장경상의 삼간혈(LI3)을 각각 자극했을 경우, 삼간혈(LI3)과 합곡혈(LI4)에서의 전위변화를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 레이저 자극 시, 평균 피크전위는 $7.53{\pm}3.44{\mu}V$로 매우 낮게 나타났고, 자극전후 전위패턴에 차이가 없어서 레이저 자극에 대한 유효한 전기반응으로 간주하기 어렵다. 접지조건에 대한 수기자극에서는 평균피크전위가 $2.65{\pm}1.53mV$로 매우 높게 측정되었고, 개인별, 접지조건에 따라 전위크기와 패턴이 다양하게 나타나고 전위패턴은 주로 캐패시터의 충방전 전위와 매우 비슷하게 나타났다. 또한, 절연자침의 경우에서는 접지조건에 관계없이 평균 피크 전위가 $0.25{\pm}0.16mV$로 수기자극 전위에 비하여 매우 낮게 나타났으며, 이는 침자극에 대한 유효한 전기 반응으로 간주하기 어렵다. 따라서, 전기적 관점에서 침술과정과 침술효과는 시술자와 피시술자간의 생체이온전하의 이동에 의한 에너지 교감현상임을 확인하고, 수기자극은 경락의 전기반응을 유도하는 반면, 레이저 자극은 경락의 전기적 반응을 유도하기 어렵다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2016

Batteries are critical components of electric vehicles and energy storage systems. The connection of a battery to the power grid for charge and discharge greatly affects energy storage. Therefore, an accurate and easy-to-observe battery model should be established to achieve systematic design, simulation, and SOC (state of charge) estimations. In this review, several equivalent circuit models of representative significance are explained, and their respective advantages and disadvantages are compared to determine and outline their reasonable applications to Li-ion batteries. Numerous commonly used model parameter identification principles are summarized as well, and basic model verification methods are briefly introduced for the convenient use of such models.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2013년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.35-36
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• 2013

본 논문은 EV(Electric Vehicle)에 사용되는 배터리의 충/방전 전류에 따른 SOC(State of Charge) 및 전압특성을 Matlab Simulink로 구현하였으며, 검증을 위해 양방향 DC-DC 컨버터를 설계하여 실험을 하였다. 배터리 모델에 사용된 파라미터는 Randles등가회로를 기반으로 펄스방전을 통해 추출하였고, 단자전압 계산부에 3D Look-up 테이블을 이용해 적용하였다. SOC계산부는 전류에 따른 용량변화를 보상하기 위해 Peukert Effect를 적용하였으며, FTP-75 전류패턴으로 온도($0^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $40^{\circ}C$)에 따라 실험한 결과 시뮬레이션의 오차율은 5%로 높은 정확도를 갖는 것을 확인을 통해 검증 하였다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2014년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.233-234
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 비상 전원 공급 장치(emergency power supply 이하 EPS)를 위한 양방향 컨버터에 대하여 다룬다. 비상 전원 공급 장치용 양방향 컨버터는 대용량의 방전을 위한 Full Bridge(이하 PSFB)와 완속 충전을 위한Two-Transistor Forward converter로 구성된 비상전원 장치용 배터리 충방전 시스템을 제안한다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.88-92
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• 2023

Lithium-ion batteries are actively used in various industrial sites such as field robots, drones, and electric vehicles due to their high energy efficiency, light weight, long life span, and low self-discharge rate. When using a lithium-ion battery in a field, it is important to accurately estimate the SoC (State of Charge) of batteries to prevent damage. In recent years, SoC estimation using data-based artificial neural networks has been in the spotlight, but it has been difficult to deploy in the embedded board environment at the actual site because the computation is heavy and complex. To solve this problem, neural network lightening technologies such as network pruning have recently attracted attention. When pruning a neural network, the performance varies depending on which layer and how much pruning is performed. In this paper, we introduce an optimized pruning technique by improving the existing pruning method, and perform a comparative experiment to analyze the results.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1729-1738
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• 2014

The offline verification of state of charge estimation, power estimation, fault diagnosis and emergency control of battery management system (BMS) is one of the key technologies in the field of electric vehicle battery system. It is difficult to test and verify the battery management system software in the early stage, especially for algorithms such as system state estimation, emergency control and so on. This article carried out the virtual environment modeling for verification of battery management system. According to the input/output parameters of battery management system, virtual environment is determined to run the battery management system. With the integration of the developed BMS model and the external model, the virtual environment model has been established for battery management system in the vehicle's working environment. Through the virtual environment model, the effectiveness of software algorithm of BMS was verified, such as battery state parameters estimation, power estimation, fault diagnosis, charge and discharge management, etc.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.84-91
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• 2021

To cope with automobile exhaust gas regulations, ISG and charging control systems are applied to HEV vehicles for the purpose of improving fuel economy. These systems require quick charge-discharge performance of high current. Therefore, a Module of the AGM battery with high energy density and EDLC(Electric Double Layer Capacitor) with high power density are constructed to study the charging and discharging behavior. In CCA, which evaluates the starting performance at -18 ℃ & 30 ℃ with high current, EDLC contributed for about 8 sec at the beginning. At 0 ℃ CA (Charge Acceptance), the initial Charging current of the AGM/EDLC Module, is twice that of the AGM lead acid battery. To play the role of EDLC during high-current rapid charging and discharging, the condition of the AGM lead-acid battery is optimally maintained. As a result of a Standard of Battery Association of Japan (SBA) S0101 test, the service life of the Module of the AGM Lead Acid Battery/EDLC is found to improve by 2 times compared to that of the AGM Lead Acid Battery.

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.239-246
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• 1997

The ZnO is stabilize dielectric constant over a broad temperature range because its addition makes the relaxation time short. In this study, the composite oxide material (B $a_{0.85}$ $Ca_{0.15}$)Ti $O_{3}$ was mixed by ZnO additive material and the dielectric polarization characteristics was studied. The relative density was over 90[%] at all specimen in the structural characteristics. Among of the specimen, the relative density of (B $a_{0.85}$ $Ca_{0.15}$)Ti $O_{3}$ with ZnO (0.4mol) has a 95[%]. The grain size of composite oxide material with an increasing ZnO increased and it was 1.0[.mu.m]-1.22[.mu.m]. In the electrical characteristics, the charge and discharge current was increased by ZnO addition. The dielectric relaxation time was increased by space charge polarization at above 110[.deg. C] and the dielectric relaxation time was fixed by space charge polarization of para-dielectric layer at below 110[.deg. C]. The dielectric relaxation time was maximum when the grain size was small. The dielectric relaxation time is decreased with an additive material ZnO and interface polarization, existing void at the grain and grain boundary. The remnant polarization is increased and the coercive electric field is decreased by ZnO.

• 청정기술
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.433-438
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• 2014

전기자동차와 하이브리드 전기자동차에 요구되는 높은 충 방전 속도, 안전성, 대형화에 적합한 충 방전 전지의 개발은 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 스피넬 구조의 $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$는 리튬이온이차전지의 음극활물질로 충 방전 시 부피변화가 거의 없기 때문에 수명특성이 뛰어나고, 전해액이 분해되는 전위보다 높은 작동 전압을 갖기 때문에 안정한 장점이 있다. 본 실험에서는 $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$의 단점인 전기전도성을 향상시키고자 소량의 Ru를 첨가하여 $Li_4Ti_5O_{12}$를 고상법으로 제조하여 테스트하였다. TGA-DTA, XRD, SEM, 충 방전 테스트를 통해 분석을 실시하였다. Ru를 첨가하였을 때 용량은 약간 감소하였지만, 분극현상이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 Ru를 3%와 4% 첨가하였을 때 높은 전류밀도인 10 C-rate 충 방전에서 용량감소율이 줄었다.