• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aqua-exercise program on the balance of one leg stance in the elderly women. Subjects were fifteen member living in Daejon(15 females), between 65 and 77 years of age. The subjects was put in the aqua-exercise program for 8 weeks, between July and september, 2001. The results of this study were as follows: 1. After the exercise program, subjects showed Meaningful increase of the balance of one leg stance. 2. In comparison of balance of one leg stance with the control group, the experimental group revealed a significantly better result in the balance of one leg stance. As a result, this study shows that aqua-exercise program improves the ability of balance in the elderly women. Based on this program, constant health care for the elderly women is needed.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to verify the difference in biomechanical variation and pattern of the lower limb between planned and unexpected termination, which is related to the prevention of fatal fall in the elderly. Therefore, selected twenty subjects for each group which composed of females(age: $73.5{\pm}4.63$ year, height: $153.2{\pm}6.46$ cm, body mass: $58.98{\pm}5.82$ kg) and women(age: $23.4{\pm}2.5$ year, height: $164.65{\pm}3.9$ cm, body mass: $58.47{\pm}5.53$ kg) in their twenties. As a result, lower limb's extension moment and power were increased significantly in statistics(p<.05). Also, knee joint power showed instant changes from concentric contraction to eccentric contraction and hip joint power from eccentric contraction to concentric contraction. During unexpected termination there were dramatical increase in eccentric contraction and power(p<.05). In both planned and unexpected termination, ankle joint moment were higher in young group, but the moment of the hip joint were higher in the elderly group(p<.05). In contrast to younger group, there were no changes in knee extension moment in elderly group(p<.05). but showed relatively higher hip joint extension moment and power(p<.05).

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.98-112
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• 2004

This study was done to investigate and compare the nutritional status and plasma lipids in the diabetes and control elderly. Subjects were 105 persons (male 32, female 73) aged over 65 years and visited public health centers in Ulsan area. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, diabetes and control group. Athropometric measurement, dietary intakes, and plasma biochemical indices were examined. Body Mass Index (BMI), Percentage of Ideal Body Weight (PIBW) and Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) of diabetes group were higher than those of control group. Overall eating behavior were worse in diabetes group than those of control group. There was no significant difference in smoking and exercise status among groups. The ratio of drinkers was significantly higher in control group. But the amount of alcohol consumed at once was higher in the diabetes group. There was no significant difference in most nutrient intakes between males and females. The intakes of fiber, natrium (Na), vitamin A, and $\beta$-carotene were significantly higher in diabetes group than control groups while that of potassium (K) was lower in diabetes group. Diabetes group had the higher levels in triglyceride, VLDL-cholesterol, Chol/HDL-cholesterol ratio, LDL/HDL-cholesterol ratio, while they had lower HDL-cholesterol level. Overall results might imply that the elderly with diabetes have to be more careful to their meals and health-related behaviors to increase the likelihood of a healthier life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.245-254
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of falls prevention exercise program(center of gravity control training, multiple sensory training, strategic posture training, ambulation training, muscle strengthening training) to balance and muscular strength in the elderly females. Methods : A total of 30 elderly womens participated in this study. All subjects have participated in exercise program on three times a week for eight weeks. Before and after of exercise program, They have measured about Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), Time Up & Go (TUG), Sit to stand, Fall Efficacy Scale (FES), Quality of Life (QOL). Results : The results of this study were as follows ; 1) There were statistically significant difference in the BBS, POMA, FES, QOL test on within-subject. 2) There were not significant difference in the TUG, Sit to stand test on within-subject. 3) The BBS was correlated with POMA and QOL. The POMA was also correlated with QOL. Conclusion : The result of this study shows that falls prevention exercise program was meaningful increasing of balance ability and quality of life on elderly women

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.583-593
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• 1998

This study aims to examine the relationship between chewing ability and nutritional intake status in the rural elderly. The subjects were 150 rural-dwelling elderly persons(68 males and 82 females) aged 65 years and over in Sungju-Gun, Kyunfsangpookdo. The respondents were interviewed using the questionnaires and measurments taken from a 24-hour recall method from February to April in 1998. Fifty-nine subjects(39.3%) were classified with normal chewing ability and sixty-four subjects(42.7%) could carry out all of the 10 ADL items by themselves. In addition, the group who were able to chew had more teeth and significantly higher ADL scores than the other group(p<0.01), whereas DMF value was significantly lower(p<0.001). The subjects with normal chewing ability also had higher of intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, salt, potassium, niacin, thiamin and riboflavin than in the unable group(p<0.05). As far as daily food intakes were concerned, considerable differences were revealed in the levels of grain and products and vegetables consumed depending on chewing ability(p<0.001). The results of the stepwise and vegetables consumed depending on chewing ability daily living activities and health self-assessment(p<0.05) were the most significant factors for energy intake status.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.423-429
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• 1998

This study examined within- and between-person variation in nutrient intakes in order to estimate the degree of precision in dietary assessment among 37 males and 46females whose mean age was 70.4 years old. To collect dietary data, each subject was interviewed 5 or 6 times using a 24-hour recall method during a 3 month period. Within- person variation ranged from 23.5% to 101.2%. Lower values of within-person variation were observed in energy, carbohydrated, protein and phosphorous while higher value was observed in vitamin A. Between person variations of nutrient intakes ranged 12.6-23.5% in most nutrients. With 1 day dietary data, observed nutrient intakes were estimated to within 6-25% of the group's usual9true) intakes and 52-198% of the individuals' usual intakes. The values of these maximum percentage deviations became smaller when the number of dietary recalls increased. The results of this study suggest that the Korean elderly subjects appear to have a slightly less diverse diet compared to young Korean women. Within persons, intakes of nutrients largely from animal sources were more variable for the Korean elderly than for their counterparts in Western countries. This study also implies that commonly used 1 day dietary study may be appropriate for assessing group means of nutrient intakes, but clearly not appropriate for assessing individual's nutrient intakes.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.131-148
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the allocation of time between work and leisure by the rural elderly in Korea. The data used for this study are collected from fm households during the peak ($17^{th}\;to\;30^{th}$ June) and off-peak ($28^{th}$ November to $10^{th}$ December) farming seasons of 2005 using time diary. The sample for this study consists of 120 elderly over 65 years old living in rural area in eight provinces. The major findings are as follows. (1) The time spent of farm work by rural elderly in much longer than average work hours of elderly in general regardless of farming season. The indicates that the elderly farmers are the sustaining forces of agriculture as the urban industrial sector absorbs the younger labor force rural area. (2) There are significant differences in the work time(including form work, housework, and farm work plus house work) by gender, age, education, marital status, living arrangements. (3) The rural elderly spends less time in leisure compared to the elderly in general even during the off-peak season. (4) Especially during the peak season, time allocation between work and leisure by the rural elderly is heavily skewed, resulting in an inadequate amount of time for reproduction of labor. (5) There is only significant age difference in the amount leisure time regardless of farming season. (6) Male elderly farmers work approximately 30 minutes to 1 hour longer on farm than the females do, but the total work time (farm work plus housework) of female elderly is longer than that of the male elderly. There is no significant gender difference in the amount of leisure time during the peak season, whereas the men have more leisure than the women during the off-peak season. To conclude, the gender differences in time allocation among the rural elderly are minimal. However, the rural elderly of both genders suffers from excessive work hours and heavy workload compared to the urban counterpart.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.22-38
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• 2010

In Korea, there has been a rapid increase in the number and proportion of elderly people, especially in rural areas, due to improvements in the standard of living and medical technology. One of the main health problems for the elderly people is dental health, which can cause nutritional and health problems. Thus, in this study, the dental health status and health status in relation to nutritional intake were analyzed. A total of 155 rural-dwelling elderly people (68 males, 87 females) over the ages of 65 participated in this study. The subjects were classified into three groups; the no denture no teeth group, denture user group, and natural teeth group. The dietary intake, biochemical health status, and anthropometry were evaluated. Can-pro 3.0 was used to assess dietary intakes and the SPSS 12.0 program was used for statistical analysis. The results showed that the natural teeth group had better nutritional and dietary intake status than the no denture no teeth group. The dietary assessment showed that there were differences in food intakes among the groups, which depended on their dental health status. In conclusion, dietary management is required for the elderly since each group has a different ability to chew food depending on their dental health status. In addition, the elderly will need different therapeutic diets because of the high prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.337-348
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was to examine the factors (depression, level of health status, physical function, depression) influence health related quality of life (EQ5D) in community dwelling elderly according to sex. Methods: A total of 226 elderly subjects over the age of 65 years in community were included. Data were collected by measuring the physical function (muscle endurance, flexibility, balance, and cardiovascular endurance) and by using a questionnaire about EQ5D, depression, health status. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. Results: The major findings of this study are as follows. Explained variance of EQ5D by regular exercise, physical function, and level of health status was 19% for male elderly subjects and 26.0% for female elderly subjects. The effect was different according to sex. Depression has the effect on EQ5D (${\beta}=-.356$, p<.001) in females, while the level of health status has the effect (${\beta}=.314$, p=.027) in males. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the effect of regular exercise, physical function, and level of health status were different on EQ5D according to sex. Thus, different health programs according to sex are necessary to increase the quality of life in elderly individuals.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.74-82
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• 2000

This study was designed to determine the attitude and degree of satisfaction of recipients toward the meal service program for elderly people. Nine hundred and eight elderly people(male: 301, female: 607) were interviewed by trained personnel. The results were as follows. Forty two percent of them had no income and 43.8% of the respondents were supported economically by the government. Their main reasons for attending the free congregated meal program was economic hardship(37.9%) The channels of becoming aware of the free meal program were through their friends(33.4%) and the meal service centers were located in the respondents residence area(36.0%) Thus any other advertisement from local government of official channels about the free meal program were not effective for the elderly 26.9% of the respondents felt inconvenience in visiting the meal service centers because they had some difficulty in walking, 53.5% of them however answered that they didn t have any complains and were quite satisfied with the meal service. The average satisfaction score for the free meal service was 63.4(maximum score 75) As for each evaluation item respondents were highly satisfied with volunteers attitude in meal serving(4.58$\pm$0.65: maximum 5 point) The evaluation score of females was generally lower than that of males(p<0.05) Oncemore, respondents who were in lowere socio-economic classes were marked by having significantly lower satisfaction scores for the meal service compared with higher scocio-economic classes. For the welfare of elderly people, meal service programs should be extended to more elderly persons and developed considering the elderlys ecological factors.