• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.315-322
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• 2021

This study analyzes the Required Safe Egress Time (RSET), in the event of a fire at a welfare center for the disabled, using the emergency passage according to the floor arrangement of users to evaluate the safety and the difference in RSET for each emergency passage using the Pathfinder simulation program to suggest an efficient evacuation method. As a result of RSET, it was found that there is no problem in evacuation safety for the current state of the facility's personnel allocation by satisfying the standard RSET in case of fire, and evacuation can be completed safely by evacuating through stairs rather than using elevators if possible. It is necessary for employees to be provided sufficient education and training in advance so that they can evacuate effectively with the disabled in case of fire. This study gives significance in saving many precious lives and safely evacuate in case of fire as evacuation routes were secured through the design, construction and operation of facilities for the disabled and the RSET was shortened through regular evacuation practices. It is necessary to discuss the further RSET studies based on the automatic fire shutters open or not when a fire occurs at a specific location following the installation of automatic fire shutter at the entrance of each floor of the facilities.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.284-292
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• 2024

Purpose: Compared to general fires of the same size, underground parking lot fires are more likely to cause human and property damage and are not easy for firefighters to extinguish fire and save lives. This study attempted to find out how to secure the evacuation safety of parking lot users based on changes in the evacuation simulation behavior mode applied to evaluate the evacuation safety of the object. Method: Simulation for each CASE was performed using the Pathfinder program. Result: it was found that the higher the reference value, the higher the evacuation time, and Behavior showed an increase in time in SFPE mode rather than Steering mode. Priority was able to confirm an increase in time in priority designation rather than non-priority designation. Conclusion: The Required Safe Egress Time (RSET) for evaluating the evacuation safety of underground parking lots and the building evacuation design to ensure evacuation safety should be evaluated and reflected separately from Simulation's Behaviour Mode and Priority.

• IE interfaces
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2001

MPLS LER is located at the boundary of MPLS domain as an ingress or an egress router and plays a role in connecting with the existing Internet. Among the components of the MPLS LER, forwarding engine(FE) is a key device which assigns a label to an IP packet by analyzing the destination address of its header in order to enter the MPLS domain, or restructures the cells from MPLS domain into IP packet by reversely processing. In this paper, we investigate the design of FE by analyzing the traffic performance of its components and estimate the IP packet processing capacity of a FE using queueing model and simulation. It is found that the maximum IP packet processing capacity of the Forwarding Engine is about 150,000 packets/sec.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.50-51
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• 2017

The Urban-type building is an building that it relaxed the construction standard and subsidiary facility standard. The most of the urban-type buildings are pilotis, the main case of representing these building's fire risk is the Uijeongbu fire this study investigated to piloti urban type housing risk on the basis of Uijeongbu fire, and we checked structural problem that unable to escape from the rooftop inside the piloti. also, there was confirmed limit to the evacuation of the occupants because the smoke was rapidly transferred to the top layer through inside the electric duct. and when we analyzed smoke flow use of Fire simulation, it was confirmed Available Safety Egress Time that is four minutes of CO.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.526-529
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• 2010

국내에서는 철도차량의 화재안전성능을 향상시키기 위해 성능평가를 적용하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 철도차량에서의 화재 시 피난은 여러 가지 시나리오들이 존재하며, 이중 하나가 터널내부에서 정전이 되어 무조명상태가 되는 것이다. 철도차량은 물리적 공간적 환경이 건축물과 차이가 있다. 또한 문화적 인종적 차이로 인해 외국의 데이터를 바로 적용하는 것도 바람직한 일은 아니다. 그러므로 시나리오를 분석하기 위해 필요한 데이터는 실험을 통해 확보해야할 필요성이 있는 것이다. 무조명 상태에서의 피난인의 행태와 이동속도의 차이 등을 분석하기 위해 실험을 수행하고 그 결과를 분석해 보았다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.612-620
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• 2011

Recently, one of the problems with the Internet is the issue of scalability. To this end, locator/identifier separation protocol (LISP), which separates end-system identifiers and routing locators, has been proposed as a solution. In the LISP deployed network, the ingress and egress nodes of inter-AS traffic is determined by edge router selection (ERS) and endpoint identifier-routing locator mapping assignment (ERMA). In this paper, joint optimizations of ERS and ERMA for stub networks with and without predetermined link weights are studied and the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulations for the problems are given. To make the problem with optimizable link weights tractable, a revised local search algorithm is also proposed. Simulation results show that joint optimization of ERS and ERMA enables better network performance.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.37-50
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• 2006

The trends in building construction these days are moving towards having better work spaces and greater suitability for the use of information technology. Therefore people can work in a more relaxed delightful and pleasant environment. Accident such as like fire could cause the mass destruction of human beings. This paper aims to evaluate the path of the spread of a fire and the suitability of fire fighting appliances for maximum egress time. General advanced phase of compartment. Aswell, we analyzed and verified the path of the flame in compartment fires. Also we conducted an analysis of the adaptation of sprinkler systems concerned with sprinkler RTI. Moreover those evaluation is made more earlier by the development and use of computer simulation program and rapid progress to apply PBFD (Performance Based Fire Design).

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.29-33
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• 2014

Cleanroom fires were simulated by using Fire Dynamics Simulator. A grid size of $0.5{\times}0.5{\times}0.2m^3$ was selected following review of grid sizes. Fires in three large cleanrooms were investigated to confirm safety by applying the requirements on temperature, visibility, and carbon monoxide concentration in performance based design. The worst situation without sprinkler system and air flow of 0.1 m/s downward in the cleamrooms was considered. It was confirmed that all the three cleanrooms were safe in case without sprinklers since the temperature was below the safety requirement. Decrease in visibility and carbon monoxide concentration due to the fires were negligible.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.67-72
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• 2012

Fire simulation was carried out for an enclosure with three doorways of $20{\times}10{\times}3m^3$ and a cleanroom of $44{\times}48{\times}10m^3$, to suggest appropriate grid size in fire simulations by using of FDS for large scale buildings. The variations of temperature and visibility with time were compared for the x and y direction grid sizes of 0.1~1.0 m (aspect ratios 0.5~5.0), fixing the z direction grid size 0.2 m. The results showed that the grid sizes 0.5 m (aspect ratio 2.5) or smaller are appropriate among the grid sizes tested, whereas 1.0 m is not acceptable. It was confirmed that estimate of the available safe egress time requires a great care due to fluctuations in temperature, visibility, etc., and further investigations on the grid size when selecting a large grid size inevitable, and on the aspect ratios for a larger grid are in need.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.33-38
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• 2010

Recently commercial egress softwares are frequently used for the risk assessment. The estimation of evacuation time is an important procedure and the outflow coefficient in a bottleneck becomes the crucial factor for design of emergency planning. This paper compares the outflow coefficient of measurement with those of softwares in the bottlenecks of subway stations where masses of people movement is observed. Stairway and turnstile are the 2 bottleneck points along escape pathway. For the escape simulation it is recommended that 2 different modes be used in the programs for 2 kinds of bottleneck. The results of the comparison makes a big difference among them and some of differences can be reduced by correct design of input data. In conclusion the results of simulation should be examined thoroughly by procedure of comparisons with other results.