• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 2000

The anthocyanin gene encoding flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase(F3,5H) was normally expressed in Nicotiana tobacco (Xanthi) plants cocultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 carrying egg plant flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase cDNA. Northern blot analysis showed the normal expression of F3', 5'H gene from transgenic plants. Here we found the phenotypic differences between transgenic plants and wild-type plants. The petal shape of transgenic plants showed more round shape and around petal tube area was compared to that of wild-type tobacco plants. And the petal color of transgenic plants was much lighter than that of wild-type tobacco plants.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.4-6
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• 1975

Field trials and research works have shown that the sexually retarded pullets are better equipped to lay larger eggs at the commencement of lay than the pullets grown under the natural conditions with no control over the rate of maturity. The method of delaying the sexual maturity by restricting the nutrient intake is receiving a considerable attention from the research workers, since the nutrient restriction can be a method of reducing the rearing cost. Many experiments were carried out to study the effect of different methods of restricting the nutrient intake of the chicken. But the comparisons between these experiments are difficult because of the differences in the environment, management, type of breed and feed, and in the length of the time during which the feed intake was restricted. In addition the comparisons were not made on an economic basis in these experiments. This experiment was designed to provide information on the reproductive responses to three different methods of restricting the nutrient intake in a egg type stock and to establish which methods are economically profitable. (omitted)

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2007

참붕어의 난자형성과정과 수정란 난막의 미세구조를 광학현미경과 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 참붕어에서 난원세포의 세포질은 호염기성이었고 핵막 내에 많은 인들이 분포하고 있었다. 제1난모세포의 경우 난황포가 단지 난세포 가장자리에만 배열되어 있었고 난막의 형성은 관찰되지 않았다. 제2난모세포에서는 난막이 형성되었고 제1난모세포에 비해서 난황포가 점점 핵쪽으로 증식된 경향을 보였다. 발생이 진행됨에 따라서 호염기성 물질들은 점점 감소하는 경향을 보였고 후에 난막주위에만 국한적으로 분포하였으며, 난막의 두께와 난자의 크기는 점점 증가되었다. 또한 성숙란으로 발생이 진행되면서 난황포들은 난황괴로 변화되었다. 참붕어의 수정란은 타원형으로 부착성이었으며 동물극쪽에서 난문이 관찰되었다. 수정란의 난막은 모두 3층으로, 부착성인 외층, 전자밀도가 서로 다른 6층상구조를 가진 중층 및 전자밀도가 높은 내층으로 구성되어 있었으며 난막표면은 부착성 섬유상 구조물로 덮여 있었다. 이상과 같이 참붕어의 난자형성과정은 생식세포의 크기 증가, 난황의 형성과 축적 및 세포질의 호염기성물질 감소로 될 수 있으며 수정란 난막의 미세구조적 특징들은 경골어류의 계통분류학에서 분류형질도 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.297-306
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• 2020

Repetitive changes in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]i) triggers egg activation, including cortical granule exocytosis, resumption of second meiosis, block to polyspermy, and initiating embryonic development. [Ca²⁺]i oscillations that continue for several hours, are required for the early events of egg activation and possibly connected to further development to the blastocyst stage. The sources of Ca²⁺ ion elevation during [Ca²⁺]i oscillations are Ca²⁺ release from endoplasmic reticulum through inositol 1,4,5 tri-phosphate receptor and Ca²⁺ ion influx through Ca²⁺ channel on the plasma membrane. Ca²⁺ channels have been characterized into voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ channels (VDCCs), ligand-gated Ca²⁺ channel, and leak-channel. VDCCs expressed on muscle cell or neuron is specified into L, T, N, P, Q, and R type VDCs by their activation threshold or their sensitivity to peptide toxins isolated from cone snails and spiders. The present study was aimed to investigate the localization pattern of N and P/Q type voltage-dependent calcium channels in mouse eggs and the role in fertilization. [Ca²⁺]i oscillation was observed in a Ca²⁺ contained medium with sperm factor or adenophostin A injection but disappeared in Ca²⁺ free medium. Ca²⁺ influx was decreased by Lat A. N-VDCC specific inhibitor, ω-Conotoxin CVIIA induced abnormal [Ca²⁺]i oscillation profiles in SrCl₂ treatment. N or P/Q type VDC were distributed on the plasma membrane in cortical cluster form, not in the cytoplasm. Ca²⁺ influx is essential for [Ca²⁺]i oscillation during mammalian fertilization. This Ca²⁺ influx might be controlled through the N or P/Q type VDCCs. Abnormal VDCCs expression of eggs could be tested in fertilization failure or low fertilization eggs in subfertility women.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.329-337
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• 1996

한국산 rotifer, B. plicatilis, S-type를 대상으로 식물부유생물, 농축 Chlorella 및 효모류에 대한 내구란 생산과 먹이 종류에 따라 생산된 내구란의 부화율을 조사하였다. 4 종류(Chlorella ellipsoidea, Nannochloris oculata, Tetraselmis suecica, Pavlova lutheri) 가운데 N. oculata는 3,760개/20 ml로 가장 많은 내구란을 생산하였다. 그러나 식물부유생물 종류에 따른 부화율의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 9 종류의 농축먹이(유지효모, 빵효모, 두 종류의 해수산 농축 냉장 Chlorella, 해수산 냉동 Chlorella, 냉동 해수산 Chlorella ($70\%$)+ 빵효모($30\%$), 냉동 해수산 Chlorella ($30\%$)+ 빵효모($70\%$), 두 종류의 냉장 담수산 Chlorella)에서 내구란 생산이 가장 많은 먹이는 냉동 Chlorella($30\%$)+빵효모($70\%$)와 냉장 담수산 Chlorella에서 각각 283개/ml로 나타났다. Rotifer $10^4$개체와 건조 먹이 1 mg당 내구란 생산은 냉동 Chlorella ($30\%$)+빵효모($70\%$)에서 각각 5,566개와 2,131개로 가장 높게 나타났다. 농축 먹이에 따른 내구란의 부화율은 유지효모가 $67.4\%$로 가장 높았다. 본 연구의 결과, 경제적인 내구란 생산을 위하여 빵효모와 농축 냉동 Chlorella를 혼합하여 공급하는 것이 효과적인 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.195-203
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• 1996

한국 염전지역에서 순수분리한 rotifer, B. plicatilis(S-type) 6 strains의 염분(10, 20, 30 ppt)에 따른 내구란 생산을 조사하였다. Rotifer는 20ml 시험관 배지에서 Nannochloris oculata를 먹이로 $28^{\circ}C$에서 배양하였다. Rotifer 최대밀도는 OKK strain이 염분 10ppt에서 2,050개체/ml로 나타났다. 성장률은 MOK strain의 10 ppt실험구에서 1.028로 가장 빨랐다. 유성생식률은 CHA와 WON strain은 염분이 낮을수록 높게 나타났지만 MOK strain은 염분이 높을수록 높게 나타났고 SOS strain은 염분 20 ppt에서 가장 높게 나타났다. PUA strain은 개체밀도가 높았지만 유성생식이 전혀 나타나지 않았고 OKK strain은 $1.1\~3.0\%$의 낮은 유성생식률을 보였다. CHA, MOK SOS, WON strain의 수정률은 모든 염분구에서 $10.4\~68.8\%$로 나타났지만 OKK strain은 수정이 이루어지지 않았다. Rotifer의 내구란 생산은 strain과 염분에 따라서 차이를 보였다. 20m1 시험관배지에서 가장 높은 내구란 생산은 WON strain으로 10 ppt 실험구에서 4,065개였다. 이와 같은 결과로 볼때 rotifer의 내구란을 대량생산하기 위해서는 적합한 strain의 선택과 염분의 조정이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.1495-1499
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• 2017

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of enrichment resources (a perch, dustbath, and nest) layout in furnished laying-hen cages (FC) on exterior quality of eggs. Methods: One hundred and sixty-eight (168) Hy-Line Brown laying hens at 16 weeks of age were randomly distributed to four treatments: small furnished cages (SFC), medium furnished cages type I (MFC-I), medium furnished cages type II (MFC-II), and medium furnished cages type III (MFC-III). Each treatment had 4 replicates or cages with 6 hens for SFC (24 birds for each SFC) and 12 hen/cage for MFC-I, -II, and -III (48 birds for each MFC-I, -II and -III). Following a 2-week acclimation, data collection started at 18 weeks of age and continued till 52 weeks of age. Dirtiness of egg surface or cracked shell as indicators of the exterior egg quality were recorded each week. Results: The results showed that the proportion of cracked or dirty eggs was significantly affected by the FC type (p<0.01) in that the highest proportion of cracked or dirty eggs was found in MFC-I and the lowest proportion of dirty eggs in SFC. The results of this showed that furnished cage types affected both dirty eggs and cracked eggs (p<0.01). The results also indicated that not nest but dustbath lead to more dirty eggs. Only MFC-I had higher dirty eggs at nest than other FC (p<0.01). The results of dirty eggs in MFC-I and MFC-II compared with SFC and MFC-III seemed suggest that a low position of dustbath led to more dirty eggs. Conclusion: SFC design affected exterior egg quality and the low position of dustbath in FC resulted in higher proportion of dirty eggs.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2012

This work was conducted to evaluate the laying performance of Korean Native Ducks (KND) Pure-Line (PL). A total of 400 female pullets were hatched from PL to keep in National Institute of Animal Science, Korea. Twenty weeks old PL female ducks were divided into 4 groups (5 replications/group, 20 head/replications). Four groups were compared in a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement with strain (White strains, WW; Celadon strains, CC) and house type (flat house, cage house). On first egg laying day, CC strain laid eggs earlier compared to WW strain (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between flat and cage house. Egg weight (EW) and body weight (BW) at first egg laying day have no difference among strains and houses. BW of CC strain was higher than WW strain at the age of 30 week (P<0.01). Weekly feed intake (FI) have no difference between flat and cage house, but FI of WW strain was high compared to CC strain during 20~30 weeks. There was no significant difference on EW between CC and WW strains, but EW was low at flat house compared to cage house (P<0.05). Weekly egg productions of WW strain and flat house were lower than CC strain and cage house, respectively (P<0.01). Finally, These results can provide the information that needed to introducing new strains.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2002

한국어류의 수정란 난막 미세구조를 분류체계에 따른 체계화 작업의 일환으로 난문의 유무, 난막의 표면 및 단면구조를 밝힘으로써 계통분류학적 기초자료를 제시하고자 경골어류, 구굴무치과에 속하는 얼룩동사리의 수정란을 실험재료로 하여 주사전자현미경과 투과전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 수정란은 부착성 및 침성란으로 장타원형이었으며 동물극쪽에 부착사가 부착되어 있었다. 난황낭 내에는 많은 유적들이 있었으며, 난막 표면은 pore cannal들이 분포하고, 난문은 관찰되지 않았다. 난막은 두 층으로 구성되어 있었는데 외층은 전자밀도가 높은 비부착성이었으며, 내층은 전자밀도가 서로 다른 7층으로 구성되어 있었다. 이상과 같이 얼룩동사리 수정란 난막의 미세구조적 특징은 얼룩동사리의 수정란이 가지는 독특한 형태학적 형질로서 종을 분류하는데 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.180-191
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• 2003

Objective & Methods : Experimental studies were done to research the clinical effects of Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture($BL_{13}{\cdot}BL_{17}$) on the anti-allergic response. anaphylaxis provoked by the compound48/80, delayed type hypersensitivity response to picryl chloride and SRBC and inflammation response to egg albumin. Results : The following results have been obtained; 1. Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture($BL_{13}{\cdot}BL_{17}$) group were increased the survival rate in compound 48/80 induced systemic anaphylactic reaction. 2. Picryl chloride induced contact dermatitis and delayed type hypersensitivity in SRBC challenged mouse were significantly decreased in Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture($BL_{13}{\cdot}BL_{17}$) group. 3. Inflammation response-WBC, CRP and Nitric Oxide in egg albumin induced allergic rat were significantly decreased in Juglandis Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture($BL_{13}{\cdot}BL_{17}$) group. Conclusions : According to the above results, Semen aqua-acupuncture and acupuncture($BL_{13}{\cdot}BL_{17}$) both depress the allergy reaction.