• 한국가금학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.239-252
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• 1989

본 연구는 대한양계협회의 1966연부터 1988연의 21회에 걸친 경제능력검정 성적을 이용하여 난용계 전체의 산란능력 개선과 유색계와 백색유를 구분하여 산란능력이 어느 방향으로 개선되었는가를 분석함으로서 앞으로의 육종방향을 설정하는데 도움이 될 수 있는 자료를 제공하기 위해 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 측정한 형질은 육성률, 성계생존율, 성성숙일영, 산란율, 산란지수, 난중, 사료요구율, 500일영 체중이다. 이상의 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 육성률은 80연대 평균 99.4%이다. 유색계의 80년대 평균은 99.5% 백색계는 99.06%로 유색계가 우수하였다. 성계생존율은 연간 0.98％의 증가가 있어 왔으며 유색계 백색계 모두 연간 0.86％의 증가가 있어왔다. 2. 성성숙일영은 60연대 171.2일에서 70연대는 160.8일로 연간 1. 1일의 개선이 있었으나 80연대 162.4일로 오히려 증가했다. 백색계는 70년대 160.5일에서 80년대 159.5일로 미미한 개선이 있었고 유색계는 70연대 163.7일에서 80연대 166.1 일로 증가했다. 3. 산란율은 연간 0.96％의 증가로 80년대 평균 76.94%이다. 유색계의 경우 연간 1.09％의 증가로 80연대 평균 76.51％이고 백색계의 경우연간 0.63%로 80연대 평균 77.45%이다. 4. 산란지수 연간 4.5개씩 증가하여 80연대 평균 265.1개이다. 유색계는 연간 5.37개씩 증가하여 80년대 평균 264.97개이다. 백색계는 년간 4.23개씩 증가하여 80년대 평균265.5개이다. 5. 난중은 연간 0.22g 씩 증가하였다. 유색계는 0.25g 씩 증가하였으며 백색계는 0.03g 씩 감소하였다. 6. 사료요구양은 매년 0.04 개선되었고 백색계는 0.05의 개선이 유색계는 0.1의 개선이 있었다. 7. 500일영 체중은 매년 6.38g 씩 증가하였고 유색계는 14.95 g씩 감소했으며 백색계는 10.37g 씩 감소하였다. 8. 전체성적 백색계 유색계에서 성성숙일영과 산란율의 상관관계는 각각 - 0.4512, -0.0358, 0.0989이며 산란지수와는 -0.2876, -0.1530, 0.1181, 난중과는 -0.4347, 0.3475, 0.2885, 500일영 체중과는 0.2045, 0.1208, 0.2248로 추정되었다. 산란율과 난중과의 관계는 0.6233, -0.2259, 0.2973, 500일영 체중과는 0.2417, 0.0774, - 0.4787로 추정되었다. 산란지수와 난중과의 관계는 0.6171, -0.2706, 0.4579, 500일영 체중과의 관계 0.3082, -0.0792, -0.3368로 추정하였다. 난중과 500일영 체중과의 관계는 0.2742, 0.2205, 0.1354로 추정되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.835-840
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• 2005

The main objective of the present study was to determine the effect of dietary $\beta$-cyclodextrin ($\beta$-CD) on egg laying performance and cholesterol content of egg yolk. Feed intake, egg production and egg weight varied slightly, but not significantly, between hens fed either a control diet or a diet containing one of an increasing series of $\beta$-CD concentrations (2%, 4% or 6%). However, feed intake, egg production and egg weight were all lower in the hens fed on 8% $\beta$-CD (p<0.05). No difference in haugh unit values, egg yolk color and egg shell thickness were found between the different treatments. The cholesterol content of egg yolks (mg/g yolk) was significantly decreased by 0.71, 2.98, 4.00 and 4.24 mg in eggs from hens maintained on 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% $\beta$-CD, respectively (p<0.05). These observations indicate that appropriate supplementation of diets with $\beta$-CD can reduce the cholesterol content of eggyolks, thus raising the prospect of the production of a healthier functional food.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2000

This work was designed to investigate the performances of broiler breeder hens upon the addition were vitamin and mineral supplements in feeds. Animals were divided into for feed groups such as control, T$_1$,T$_2$and T$_3$, and each treatment has four replications. All broiler breeder hens were housed individually, and were fed with identical iso-metaboilic energy and iso-protein, except for vitamins and minerals. Different sources and levels of vitamins and minerals were added to the basic feeds according to the treatments. At the end of the experiments, general laying rate(hen days), average egg weight, hatching egg laying rate(Hen day) every day. Hatching egg weight, sterility, embryo mortality, hatching rate and chick weight were examined. Although, early laying rate in all treatment groups were reduced during cold term management, general egg laying rate was increased only T$_3$group which was contanining vitamin C. However, similar results were obtained in the rates of general and hatching egg laying. General egg laying rate were somewhat higher of Control, T$_2$and T$_3$ groups than that of T$_1$group. In addition, the laying rates of general and hatching eggs slightly improved in the T$_3$group rather than those of Control group. Egg weight was reduced with the increasing of laying rate, showing the highest in the T$_3$group. The laying rate showed significantly lower value than those of any other groups. Egg weight was about 65g in T$_3$group. The results of hatching performance for production ability of Broiler breeder hens were fed experimental diet, although the rates of non-hatched and hatched eggs increased in order of Control, T$_1$T$_2$and T$_3$groups. However, the rate of embryo mortality was declined in order Control, T$_1$T$_2$and T$_3$groups.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.41-47
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• 1962

1961년 춘기에 난문수와 각종 실용형질과의 표현, 유전 및 환경상관과 각형질의 유전력을 농촌진흥청 잠업시험장에서 잠품종 각도 연락시험에 공시하는 8 품종에 대하여 조사하였으며 각 시험장에 보존되어 있는 잠품종중 25 품종에 대하여는 상관, 계통별 난문수 또는 변이를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) 난문수와 전망중, 견층중 및 섬도와는 고도의 빈표현상관과 빈유전상관을 나타냈으며 환경상관은 나타나지 않았다. (2) 난문수는 중국계통이 가장 많고 일본계통이 중간이고 가주계통이 최소였다. (3) 감잠비율과 난문수와의 관계는 일정한 경향이 없다. (4) 견층중과 계장의 유전력은 전견중, 섬도 및 난문수의 것에 비해서 적었다. (5) 난문집단의 소다각형 반문수가 많은 품종일수록 난문의 절대수가 많았다. (6) 난문수의 변이는 가주계통이 가장 크고 중국계통, 일본계통의 순으로 적은 것 같다. 전견중, 견층중, 및 섬도는 난문수를 기준으로 하여 그것들을 선발하면 간접적으 선발 효과를 높일 수 있을 것이며 특히 난시대에 선발함으로서 사육의 경비를 절약할 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1503-1509
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• 2010

Forty-eight 40-wk-old Hi-sex laying hens were individually caged in an environmentally controlled house to evaluate the effect of garlic (Allium Sativum) juice administration on egg production, egg quality, and yolk cholesterol. Garlic juice was prepared by blending pealed garlic cloves with distilled water (1:1, w/w). Hens were randomly divided into four equal groups; one served as a control and the other three groups were individually gavaged, 3.75 ml, 7.5 ml, or 15 ml garlic juice, three times a week, which respectively represented 0.25, 0.50 and 1% of body weight. Egg production was recorded on a daily basis; egg weight, albumen height, albumen and yolk pH, Haugh unit, and bacterial count of E. coli-challenged eggs were recorded at day of oviposition (day-1) and after 5 and 10 days of storage at room temperature. Yolk cholesterol content was analyzed for five successive weeks. Garlic juice increased (p<0.05) egg weight and mass with no change in egg production intensity. Garlic juice administration recorded higher (p<0.05) albumen height and improvement in Haugh unit. Also, eggs from garlic-treated hens recorded lower (p<0.05) albumen and yolk pH when compared to eggs collected from control hens. Garlic reduced (p<0.05) the $log_{10}$ of bacterial count in egg contents linearly when challenged with E. coli. Egg-yolk cholesterol content was not influenced by garlic juice administration. It is concluded that garlic juice improved performance characteristics and may increase egg shelf life as indicated by egg quality improvement and lower bacterial count of E. coli-challenged eggs. The levels of garlic juice used in this study were insufficient to influence egg yolk cholesterol.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.234-239
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• 2010

Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and vitamin E (VE) supplementation in the diet of breeder hens on the egg quality and hatchability, lipid peroxides of the egg yolk, and development of the newly-hatched offspring chicks were investigated. A total of 800 Avian 48, 28 wk-old broiler breeders were assigned randomly to 4 groups with 4 replicates of 45 females and 5 males. Each group was fed one of the following four diets with different oil sources and levels of VE: corn oil (CO), fish oil (FO), CO+VE and FO+VE. The results showed that: i) Addition of FO in the breeder diet reduced the whole egg weight, yolk weight, albumen weight, yolk color score and neonatal offspring chick body weight without affecting the hatchability as compared to the CO treatment. ii) Addition of VE efficiently reduced the lipid peroxides of egg yolk from hens fed diets containing FO. iii) VE in the breeder diet significantly promoted the development of liver and heart of the chick offspring.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.299-306
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• 2004

본 연구는 어미닭의 나이, 계란의 저장기간 및 부화중 난중의 변화가 병아리의 성장률에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 육용종계 Cobb종으로부터 산란초기 계군($27\~28$주령)과 산란중기 계군($51\~52$ 주령)으로부터 종란을 수집하여 $10^{\circ}C$에서 6일간 계란을 저장(Young-EXP 혹은 Old-EXP 그룹)하거나, 부화기 입란 당일에 수거(Young-CON혹은 014-CON그룹)하여 부화시킨 4-그룹의 병아리(female 11수 + male 12수/그룹)를 6주 동안 평사에서 사육하였다. 산란중기 두 그룹(old-CON, old-EXP)상호간 입란시 난중의 차이는 1 g정도였는데 비해서, 산란초기 두 그룹(Young-CON, Young-EXP) 상호간 입란시 난중의 차이는 2.9 g정도(P<0.05)로 산란중기보다 산란초기에 일령의 증가에 따라 난중의 변화폭이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 입란시 난중에 대한 부화 18일경 난중의 감소 비율($\%$)은 그룹간에 별 차이가 없었으나, 전체 부화기간(21일간)의 난중 감소 비율($\%$)은 산란초기 그룹들보다 산란중기 그룹들이 유의하게(P<0.05) 더 컸다. 산란중기 계군들은 산란초기 계군들보다 부화시 체중이 평균 8.7g정도 유의하게(P<0.05) 더 무거웠으나, 시험종료시인 6주령시 체중은 4-그룹 상호간에 유의한 차이는 없었고, 대부분 모든 주령의 체중에 있어서 계란의 저장기간 상호간에도 두 계군 모두 통계적인 유의한 차이는 없었다. 도체율에 있어서도 계란의 저장기간 또는 어미자의 나이 상호간에 별 차이가 없었으며, 입란시 난중과 부화 18일경 난중, 부화 후 성장률 및 43일령시 도체율 상호간에 유의한 상관관계는 나타나지 않았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.944-947
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• 2007

This study was conducted to study the effects of dietary garlic powder on laying performance, egg traits and blood serum cholesterol level of quails. A total of three hundred quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged nine weeks were used. They were allocated to 3 dietary treatments. Each treatment comprised 5 replicates of 20 quails. The diets were supplemented with 0, 5 and 10 g/kg garlic powder. The experimental period lasted 21 weeks. The addition of garlic powder did not significantly affect body weight, egg production, feed consumption, feed efficiency, egg shell thickness, egg albumen index, egg yolk index and egg Haugh unit. Adding 5 and 10 g/kg garlic powder to the laying quail diets increased egg weight (p<0.01). Egg yolk cholesterol and blood serum cholesterol concentration were reduced with garlic powder supplementation. The results of this study demonstrated that garlic powder addition had a significant cholesterol-reducing effect in serum and egg yolk without adverse effects on performance and egg traits of laying quails.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.723-731
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• 1992

Two similar experiments were designed to evaluate the interaction of dietary CP and ME levels on the production performance parameters at the age between 155 and 300 days in Starcross layers. In both experiments, the feed intake and mortality decreased but the egg weight, body weight gain and feed conversion efficiency increased as the dietary CP and ME levels increased. The CP intake was highest CP and lowest ME levels. With the increasing CP and decreasing ME levels, the ME intake decreased significantly (Experiments 1 & 2). The $CP{\times}ME$ interactions were significant only on mean egg weight and egg production in Experiment 2. In both the experiments, the CP levels were positively correlated with CP intake, egg weight, body weight gain and egg production and negative correlation with feed intake, mortality percentage and ME intake. The ME levels showed negative correlation with feed intake, protein intake, mortality percentages and positive correlation with all other parameters in both experiments. The highest values were noted for all the parameters (except mortality percentages) in Experiment 1 than that recorded in Experiment 2.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 1997

An experiment was conducted for 20 days( from July 21 to August 10, 1996) to investigate the differences in thickness of eggshell and eggshell membrane in Korean native chicken. All the eggs were purchased from a farm located in Chinju area. All eggs were categorized into Treatment I (34.89~51.39 g), H (53.32~60.70 g), and III (34.89~60.70 g) according to their weights. Eleven items were measured in all three treatments, i.e., egg weight, egg length, egg width, breaking strength, eggshell thickness of large end(STLE), eggshell membrane thickness of large end(SMTL), eggshell thickness of small end (STSE), eggshell membrane thickness of small end(SMTS), eggshell thickness of middle part(STMP), and eggshell membrane thickness of middle part(SMTM). Correlation coefficients between egg weight and eggshell weight, among eggshell thickness of large end, small end and middle end and eggshell weight were significant (P<0.01). Correlation coefficients between egg weight and large eggshell membrane were nega-tively significant(P<0.01). Breaking strengths were higher in Treatment I than in Treatment H. Correlation coefficients among thickness of eggshell and eggshell membrane at each point at 3 parts of large end, small end and middle end were not significant.