• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.71-98
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• 1998

This study aimed to investigate how such retailers as department stores, large discount stores, book wholesalers, and clothing wholesalers used information technology for the QR strategy and whether the QR strategy had an effect on performance with a focus on the pipeline strategy. For this purpose, the QR strategy was divided into transaction efficiency, supplier partnership, and customer detail strategy. The differences in performance and information technology were analyzed according to the fit of the pipeline strategy, such as internal focus, supplier focus, and customer focus, the business strategy which were used by the retailers. And, an attempt was made to investigate whether performance was raised according to the level of adopting information technology. The results can be summarized as allows. First, the adaptive level of information technology had an effect on performance. But, seeing that the explanatory power of the regression analysis on the effect of the adaptive level of information technology on performance was shown to be very weak, it is judged that the level of QR information technology in the responding firms was very low compared to that of foreign firms. Second, information technology used by the retailers included universal product code, bar coding, customer database, and information utilities. It was shown that the group of firms seeking the transaction efficiency QR strategy and the internal focus pipeline strategy had the higher level of information technology than the retailers seeking other customer detail QR strategy and the customer focus pipeline strategy and the retailers with inconsistent strategy. This indicates that the firm seeking to raise its internal efficiency has a high level of using information technology. At the end of the paper, managerial implication and future research directions were discussed.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.555-571
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• 2018

This study identified the characteristics of fashion rental service users as well as analyzed their purchase decision-making processes. A qualitative investigation was conducted through in-depth interviews with 13 women in their 20s-30s who have experienced renting fashion items due to a high interest in fashion. The results of the study are summarized as follows. The need recognition stage analyzed ventilation by mass media, SNS impact, curiosity, saving shopping time and money, awareness of situational necessity, and creation of various styles. The information search stage analyzed how users obtained information from 2 different sources of nonmarketer-dominated sources and marketer-dominated sources. The pre-purchase stage analyzed the evaluation of alternatives in which study participants used 2 evaluation criteria for fashion rental services and fashion rental items. The purchase stage analyzed how participants wait and select desired items (when receiving the notification of rentable items) or select alternative products. The consumption stage examined the usage frequency and usage method. The study divided the post-consumption evaluation stage into 2 categories for evaluation: personal feelings and service. The post-consumption behavior stage analyzed how participants displayed WOM, eWOM and purchase rental product behavior. Clothing shopping orientation of study participants is displayed in 5 dimensions of brand-seeking propensity, individuality-seeking propensity, economic efficiency-seeking propensity, rationality-seeking propensity, and pleasure-seeking propensity. This study identified three main characteristics in the study participants: interest in the fashion, favorable attitude toward used fashion items, consciousness of others.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-52
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• 2022

Purpose - The objective of this study is to investigate what motivates global FDI inflows in the different economic development level and to clarify the FDI motivation type in the level of qualitative economic growth. Design/methodology/approach - Major macroscopic social·economic factors induced FDI inflows were analyzed using fixed-effect panel regression with 30-year panel data of 28 countries from 1985 to 2014. For analysis in the stage of economic growth, two category of developed and developing countries was used. And to analyze FDI motivation type in the level of qualitative economic growth, 4 shares of GDP; consumption·government·investment expenditure and export, was used as explanatory variable. Findings - In developed country, TFP(total factor productivity) and GDP have a great influence on FDI inflows, and consumption and labor compensation have a slight effect. This result indicates that the market seeking-driven, horizontal type investment is shown along with efficiency seeking investment. In developing country, human capital and TFP is shown to have greater impact on FDI inflows and labor compensation, exports, investment and government expenditures also have impacts. Thus it has confirmed that not only efficiency-seeking vertical investment for using low cost well educated laborer, but also government-driven economic growth and export policies could affect the FDI inflows. Research implications or Originality - The FDI investment decision making of multinational companies is decided by their own purpose. But, in the concept of as follows; 1) FDI is a long-term capital flowing for maximization of economic utility with limited global resource, 2) Thus FDI could be affected by macro socio·economic factors of host country. 3) Also such macro factors is different by each economic growth qualitative level. Therefore macro socio·economic factors of each country could be affected by the qualitative level of their own economic growth. To attract FDI inflows, it is desirable to implement differentiated incentive policies in the qualitative level of economic growth. Furthermore in developing countries it is recommended to implement government driven economic growth policies as follows; fostering well educated human resources, improving technology productivity in the relative lower cost labor market compared to developed countries and boosting international export volume.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.212-219
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• 2020

We conducted this study to identify the accommodation applications users' lifestyle types and the composition factors for consumers' accommodation applications selection attributes and to identify the difference in the selection attributes perception of accommodation applications between groups classified by user's lifestyle types. According to the study, 6 factors were derived as the accommodation applications users' lifestyle types and were named social/leisure-oriented type, fashion-seeking type, culture-seeking type, self-examining type, self-centered type, family-oriented type. Also 6 factors were derived as the accommodation applications selection attributes and were named convenience, interactivity, economic efficiency, transaction reliability, product reliability and informativeness. Valid clusters were divided into four groups and were named culture/tourism group, self-examining group, passive and cautious group and Social and practicality-seeking group. Most of the selection attributes perception of accommodation applications between groups had statistically significant differences(p<.05), except for some items of transaction reliability. Based on the results of this study, we should strive to establish effective marketing strategies that reflect differences in the selection attributes perception of the accommodation application between groups classified by users' lifestyle types.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.25-50
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• 2016

The purpose of the study was to identify dimensions of benefit sought where consumer cross-border online shoppers seek and to examine the effects of the dimensions on expectancy, perceived performance, disconformity and satisfaction with cross-border online shopping. A total of 258 data were gathered and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. The results of the study identified that six dimensions of benefit sought of cross-border online shopping, which were economic-efficiency, convenience, uniqueness, scarcity, superiority and conformity seeking. There were significant effects of economic-efficiency, scarcity and uniqueness seeking on the expectancy, perceived performance, and satisfaction. In addition, consumers were segmented as four clusters classified using benefit sought of cross-border online shopping. The four clusters were labeled as "high interest type", "disinterested type", "unique scarcity type", and "price-first unfussy type". The significant differences were found among the clusters in the research constructs of expectancy and disconfirmation theory. The findings of the study suggested practical and managerial implications.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.69-90
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• 2001

This study is to confirm how customers relationship-orientation toward the focal company has been constructed by what factors. The major factors are including the level of customer satisfaction and four components of transaction-characteristics like efficiency of decision making, inertia of decision making, information-seeking in store, and perceived risk. For testing of the hypotheses, customer survey has been conducted at four department stores and three discount stores in the Bundang Area. The sample size is 494. The result of the survey has indicated that customers relationship-orientation is influenced by customer satisfaction, efficiency of decision making, and inertia of decision making, but not by information-seeking in store and perceived risk. Further research has been needed for solving these conflicting results.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.83-89
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• 2014

This study suggests an effective online guide for foreign teachers who want to teach English in Korean schools. When designing this guide for overseas applicants, there should be a consistent analysis to reflect the process of the system. Thus, this paper provides an analysis and results for an integrated online guide to increase the efficiency based on the pedagogical framework for analysis of the 'ADDIE' model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The number of job applicants who wish to teach English in Korea is growing rapidly because Korea is one of the fastest growing economies in the world and the 'Korean Wave' has especially been experiencing significant changes with the development of social network services and digital technologies. As a result, overseas applicants' expectations regarding Korea when they are seeking information and applying is very high, but the aspects of the procedure provided by the government are somewhat disappointing. The paper presents customer needs and specific recommendation for each step of the application process to improve the guide's effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose an approach to evaluating the performance of the national R&D investment in IT(Information Technology) areas in terms of paper, patent and commercialization, and seeking ways to improve the efficiency of the national R&D investment. This is because the government has focused the national R&D investment on IT areas for some time. For that purpose, we gather data on investments, papers, patents, and commercializations for the government sponsored R&D projects in IT areas through National Science & Technology Information Service. From which, we summarize the investment and performance in terms of papers, patents, and commercializations for each IT area, evaluate efficiency per R&D investment for each IT area, and compare the efficiencies among IT areas. Finally, we drive implications for efficiency enhancement and strategic R&D budget allocation for each IT area.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.431-444
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• 2020

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to understand the health interest of consumers in the United States and Japan and thus understand the motivation of food choices, in order to provide basic data on the country's strategy based on healthy and correct food choices in the future. Methods: A customer survey was conducted in 2019 from October 18 to 31, and it targeted 115 American and 120 Japanese local consumers between the ages of 20- to 64-years-old. Eight questions were formed using General Health Interest. Based on food choice motivation, 27 questions were reconstructed and asked about demographic information. All data were analyzed by SPSS Statistics (ver. 25). Results: Health consciousness was categorized into 2 types: nutrition-seeking type and preference-seeking type. Based on these 2 factors, customers were grouped into 3 clusters: healthy dietary life-seeking group, nutrition balance-seeking group and health indifference group. Food choice motivation was categorized into 4 types: health, efficiency, value, and mood. All 3 groups showed a high tendency for efficiency in common. The results show that consumers want higher satisfaction with their time and money invested in food consumption. It is believed that the focus and investment of market segmentation strategy should be focused on product development, especially for American and Japanese consumers who are interested in health. Conclusion: The results of this study reflect consumer needs that can assist in the selection of healthy and correct foods in the future.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.1101-1104
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• 2005

The overall objectives for Korean railway system of the future are speedup, capacity management, increase safety, environmental protection. and enhancement efficiency. To achieve these, interconnection within the railway system must be optimised and designed on a customer-friendly basis. This principles applies to both passenger and freight traffic. for which cost-effective and time-efficient facilities must be provided. As the result. Korean railway network modernization is based on seeking out optimum conditions for improving railway business.