• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2016

Being mostly made up of highly permeable basalt and volcanic ash soil, Jeju Island's lithosphere characterizes its streams to be dry, flowing only when precipitation is happening. Under this condition, this research was motivated to identify the need of conservation of underground water, which is taking up most of (84% of) Jeju's water usage, and made an attempt to reduce the permeability of stream beds so that it can replace underground water and be used instead. To this end, this study suggested a simple method to make dry streams to carry water all-year-round by reducing permeability of stream floor. The experiment of permeability was performed on the porous basalt and compared it with that of same basalt with volcanic ash soil and Jumunjin sand layer added on top. The results showed a dramatic decrease in permeability of water when both volcanic ash soil and Jumunjin sand is were layered on top of porous basalt. Despite being gained in a controlled environment with a simple test, this result may provide a realistic and effective method of preserving Jeju Island's underground water which ultimately is a method of resolving water related issues.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.305-318
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• 2022

Permeable reactive barriers used for groundwater treatment require proper estimation of the reactive material behavior regarding the emplacement method. This study evaluates the dry emplacement of zeolite (clinoptilolite) to be used as a reactive material in the barrier by carrying out several geotechnical laboratory tests. Dry zeolite samples, exhibited higher wetting-induced compression strains at the higher vertical stresses, up to 12% at 400 kN/m². The swelling potential was observed to be limited with a 3.5 swell index and less than 1% free swelling strain. Direct shear tests revealed that inundation reduces the shear strength of a dry zeolite column by a maximum of 10%. Falling head permeability tests indicate decreasing permeability values with increasing the vertical effective stress. Regarding self-loading and inundation, the porosity along the zeolite column was calculated using a proposed 1D numerical model to predict the permeability with depth considering the laboratory tests. The calculated discharge efficiency was significantly decreased with depth and less than 2% relative to the top for barrier depths deeper than 20 m. Finally, the importance of directional dependence in the permeability of the zeolite medium for calibrating 2D finite element flow analysis was highlighted by bench-scale tests performed under 2D flow conditions.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.1357-1371
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• 2024

To investigate the influence of different burial conditions on the seepage characteristics of loose sandstone in the leaching mining of sandstone uranium ore, this study applied different ground pressures and water pressures to rock samples at different burial depths to alter the rock's seepage characteristics. The permeability, pore distribution, and particle distribution characteristic parameters were determined, and the results showed that at the same burial depth, ground pressure had a greater effect on the reduction in permeability than water pressure. The patterns and mechanisms are as follows: under the influence of ground pressure, increasing the burial depth compresses the pores in the rock samples, decreases the proportion of effective permeable pores, and causes particle fragmentation, which blocks pore channels, resulting in a decrease in permeability. Under the influence of water pressure, increasing the burial depth expands the pores but also causes hard clay particles to decompose and block pore channels. As the burial depth increases, the particles eventually decompose completely, and the permeability initially decreases and then increases. In this experiment, the relationships between permeability and the proportion of pores larger than 0.15 ㎛ and the proportion of particles smaller than 59 ㎛ were found to be the most significant.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.333-344
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 절리 암반 내 터널굴착 시 지하수 유출량 예측량이 실제 계측치와 큰 차이가 나는 이유 중 하나인 터널주변 절리암반의 투수계수의 감소 현상에 대해 논의하였다. 현재 터널 설계 시 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 지하수 유출량 산정식은 터널주변 암반이 등방, 균질하고 일정한 투수계수를 유지한다고 가정한다. 하지만, 실제로는 터널주변 절리암반의 투수계수는 터널주변 유효응력 상태에 따라 변화하며, 절리 내 지하수 흐름에 따라 다시 터널주변 유효응력 분포가 영향을 받는 수리-역학적 상호거동을 보인다. 터널굴착 직후 터널 접선방향 유효응력이 응력집중과 간극수압 감소로 인해 급증하고 그에 따라 절리의 닫힘현상이 발생하며, 결과적으로 터널인접 절리암반 링 구간에서 투수계수가 급격히 감소하게 된다. 이러한 터널인접 링 구간 내에서 상당히 큰 간극수압 감소가 발생하게 되어 터널주변 간극수압 분포는 등방 균질의 절리암반으로 가정한 산정식과 큰 차이를 보인다. 본 연구에서는 절리암반의 수리-역학적 상호거동의 개념을 도입하여 터널주변 간극수압 분포와 터널 내 지하수 유입량 산정방법을 제안하고 이를 수치해석을 통해 검증하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.183-194
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• 2004

연약점토지반의 압밀거동 예측시, 압축성과 투수성에 대한 비선형 물질함수 특성을 규명하는 것은 가장 중요하며 기본적인 선행 연구내용이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 압축성과 투수성에 대한 물질함수 특성을 파악하기 위해 해성점토를 이용한 실내 시험을 실시하였다. 실내시험은 수직배수조건 및 수평배수조건, 수직 수평배수조건으로 구분하되 표준압밀 시험과 로우셀 시험등을 실시하였다. 수평배수조건에 대한 물질함수 특성을 파악하기위한 개량 표준압밀 시험장치를 개발하였으며, 시료교랸영항을 최소화하기위한 별도의 시료추출장치를 고안하였다. 또한 로우셀 시험결과와의 비료를 통해, 시험법에 있어 비교적 간편한 개량 표준압밀 시험결과의 신뢰도를 확인할 수 있었다. 모든 시험결과를 통한 유효응력-간극비-투수계수등에 관한 물질함수 특성을 분석한 결과, 유효응력 단계별 간극비 분포는 누승함수의 형태로 표현될 수 있으며, 간극비 단계별 투수계수는 지수함수의 형태로 표현됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 초기함수비가 높고 전단강도가 작은 연약점토의 경우, 유효응력단계별 압축성과 투수성의 비선형성이 매우 크게 나타났으며, 연약 점토지반의 압밀현상 예측에 있어 이러한 비선형성은 무시할 수 없는 큰 영향요소임을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.694-701
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• 1988

분포형 레일건은 전기자가 이동하는 공안 전기자전류를 거의 일정하게 유지할수 있으며 전류공급영성과 전기자 사이의 거리를 최소로 유지할수 있게 한다. 이 논문은 분포형 레일건에서 전류분포실효저항 및 전류의 실효확산 깊이에 영향을 미치는 인자를 규명한 것이다. 정상상태의 간단한 2차원 모델로 부터 레일의 전류분포와 실효저항을 나타내는 식을 유도하였다. 전류의 확산이 불충분한 조건에서 레일의 실효저항은 레일의 상대속도, 투자솔, 전기자와 전류공급영성과의 거리의 1/2승에 비례하고 도전솔의 1/2승에 반비례하였으며, 전류의 실효확산 깊이는 전기자와 전류공급영성과의 거리의 1/2승에 비례하고 투자솔, 도전솔 및 속도의 1/2승에 반비례하였다.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.414-418
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• 2008

The effects of paper properties such as density, air permeability, water vapor transmission rate on the thermal performance of plate-type enthalpy exchanger were experimentally investigated. Three enthalpy exchanger samples having different properties were made, and were tested according to the standard test procedure (KS B 6879). Effective efficiencies were defined, which accounted for the air leakage between supply and exhaust streams. Results showed that paper density affected the sensible heat transfer of the samples. Sensible heat transfer increased with density of the paper. It was also shown that water vapor transmission rate alone was not a proper indicator for the efficiency of latent heat transfer. Air permeability should also be considered for adequate evaluation of the latent heat transfer. Best performance was obtained for the sample having highest paper density and moderate water vapor transmission ratio.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.297-304
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• 2002

This study is about penetrability of Micro Cement(MC) used for ground improvement. In this study, the characteristics of chemical grouting such as solidification, penetrability were analyzed experimentally by changing permeability of ground, grain size and relative density of grout material. For evaluating applicability of grout material, solidification test and penetrability test were performed. From the results of the tests, effective solidification ratio and penetrability ratio of MC was each 75%, 86% to be excellent when ground permeability was in the range of 10$^{-2}$ and 10$^{-4}$ cm/sec. Otherwise, those of Ordinary Portland Cement(OPC) were both lower than 50% to be poor. When penetrability of grout material is needed for improvement of dam foundation and soft ground, application of MC Is much superior to that of the other materials. The results of the grouting tests in the water flowing ground show that solidification effect of long gel-time grout material is excellent as injection pressure increases when groundwater velocity is relatively low. But when groundwater velocity is relatively high, solidification effect of long gel-time grout material is very poor because most grout materials are outflowed. Therefore, as groundwater velocity is high, effective solidification ratio of long gel-time grout material is better than that of short gel-time grout material, also penetration distance of long gel-time grout material is longer than that of short gel-time grout material.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.461-465
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• 2003

The microstructures and magnetic properties of electrodeposited Fe-45 wt%Ni-P alloys have been investigated. The structures of electrodeposited Fe-45 wt%Ni alloy was FCC i.e. ${\gamma}$ phase and the size of crystallite was 10 nm. The structure of electrodeposited Fe-45 wt%Ni-1 wt%P alloy showed ${\gamma}$ phase and 7 nm sized nanocrystalline. The electrodeposited Fe-45 wt%Ni-P alloys containing 2∼3 wt% of P exhibited ${\gamma}$ ＋ $\alpha$ dual phases. The electrodeposited Fe-45 wt%Ni-P alloys above 3.5 wt% showed an amorphous structure. P in the alloys acted grain refining and phase changing element. The resistivity of the electrodeposited alloys increased with P contents. Effective permeability at high frequency (above 1 MHz) increased with P contents up to 2 wt% and this was ascribed to the easier magnetization rotation owing to the reduction of eddy current. Effective permeability decreased with P contents above 3 wt% and this was ascribed to the transformation of the ferromagnetism of Fe-45 wt%Ni alloy gradually into paramagnetism with the introduction of P into the electrodeposited alloy matrix.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1995년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.100-105
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• 1995

The aim of this study is to developed water proofing properties of cement mortar this study the effect of mix proportion on the basic characteristics of cement mortar was investigated. Also water absorption and permeability properties of mortar using several admixtures were tested. from this results, Physical properties of mortar is improved by using the sand witch has a broad particle size distribution. Also the sililca alumina powder is effective for decreasing the water permeability of mortar and zinc stearate is in creasing the water repellence property.