• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1997

These studies were carried out to establish an effective and practical system for commercialization of embryo production techniques by analyzing several factors influencing in vivo embryo production in Korean native cattle. In vivo embryos were flushed 226 times from 128 donors. The results obtained in studies on the factors influencing in vivo embryo production were as follows : 1. There were no significant differences in the number of total recovered, fertilized, transferable and freezable embryos among the hormone doses(FSH-P, 28∼34mg; SUPER-OV, 75IU) used for superovulation. However, over 30mg doses of FSH-P showed a slightly higher effect than others. 2. There were slight decrease in the number of fertilized, transferable and freezable embryos in 3 times repeated superovulation. But there were no significant differences among 1, 2 and 3 times repeated superovulations. 3. Age of donors did not affect the number of transferable and freezable embryos, but the number of fertilzed embryos were highest in 2∼3 years old donors and were lowest in 8∼9 years old donors(P<0.05). 4. Season had a significant effect on the production of embryos(P<0.05). the embryo production, and the number of fertilized, transferable and freezable embryos were most effective in summer and follow by spring, autumn and winter. 5. The number of transferable and freezable embryos was highest in donors flushed at 7∼8 days after estrus(P<0.05).

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2005

The cooperative production system was proposed as an efficient production system to reduce the ship construction cost and to enhance the competitiveness for small/medium sized shipbuilder in the previous paper. In viewpoint of cooperative production system, the specialization of the FRP ship sizes has already been accomplished to reduce the number of the hull molds by FRP shipbuilders of the Sapjin industrial complex located in Mokpo area in 2003. There also exist lots of effective methods, as a cooperative production system, to cut down the construction cost. In this study, an effective production system in connection with the super structure and outfitting members is proposed such as the standardization of those items and specialized company which intensively produces the super structure and outfitting members at the collectivization area for cooperative work.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2012

Objectives: Much evidence exists that herbs have effective immunomodulatory activities. Chrysanthemi Flos (CF) is effective in clearing heat, reducing inflammation, dropping blood pressure and treating headache and is used as a pharmaceutical raw material for an immune enhancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the modulatory effect of Chrysanthemi Flos pharmacopuncture on nitric-oxide (NO) production in activating macrophages. Methods: After a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, was cultured in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), immune-modulating abilities of CF were evaluated by using NO, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) production and phagocytic activity of macrophages. Results: CF enhanced the activities of macrophages by increasing the phagocytic activity and decreasing NO production. Especially, both LPS and CF, 200 ${\mu}g/ml$, treatment could significantly reduce the NO production, but did not change the production of IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that CF may be of immunomodulatory value, especially for adverse diseases due to increased NO production. It may have potential for use as immunoenhancing pharmacopuncture.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.643-649
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• 2005

전통발효식품인 된장으로부터 높은 활성의 fibrinolytic enzyme를 생산하는 미생물을 수십 종 분리하였다. 산업적으로 우수한 균종을 선별하기 위하여 분리된 미생물중 fibrinolytic enzyme활성과 성장 속도면에서 가장 우수한 균주를 선별하여 하였으며, 형태학적, 생화학적 및 생리학적 특성을 조사한 후 Bacillus sp.로 동정되었다. Fibrinolytic enzyme생산을 위한 최적 배양조건은 초기 pH $6\~8$일 때 상대활성도가 $80\%$이상을 나타내었고, 배양 12시간째에 가장 높은 활성도를 나타내었다. Fibrin plate를 이용한 혈전용해능을 확인한 결과 높은 혈전용해능을 가지고 있었다. 탄소원으로 galactose를 $4\%$ 첨가 하였을 때 가장 우수하였으며, 질소원은 malt extract를 $4\%$ 첨가 하였을 때 가장 우수하였다. 무기염은 $K_2HPO_4$를 첨가하였을 때 가장 우수한 활성을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2012

To develop a practical and cost-effective medium for bioethanol production from the hydrolysate of seaweed Sargassum sagamianum, we investigated the feasibility and performance of bioethanol production in CSL (corn-steep liquor)-containing medium, where yeast Pichia stipitis was used and the repeated batch was carried out in a surface-aerated fermentor. The optimal medium replacement time during the repeated operation was determined to be 36 h, and the surface aeration rates were 30 and 100 ml/min. Under these conditions, the repeated-batch operation was successfully carried out for 6 runs (216 h), in which the maximum bioethanol concentrations reached about 11-12 g/l at each batch operation. These results demonstrated that bioethanol production could be carried out repeatedly and steadily for 216 h. In these experiments, the total cumulative bioethanol production was 57.9 g and 58.0 g when the surface aeration rates were 30 ml/min and 100 ml/min, respectively. In addition, the bioethanol yields were 0.43 (about 84% of theoretical value) and 0.44 (about 86% of theoretical value) when the surface aeration rates were 30 ml/min and 100 ml/min, respectively. CSL was successfully used as a medium ingredient for the bioethanol production from the hydrolysate of seaweed Sargassum sagamianum, indicating that this medium may be practical and cost-effective for bioethanol production.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.367-376
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• 2008

이 논문은 한국 독립영화의 대중성 모색에 있어서 효율적 소통에 의한 한국 독립영화의 나아갈 길을 고찰함으로써 현재 한국 독립영화 문제점을 짚어보고 모색하는데 있다. 이를 위해서 독립영화란 무엇이며, 독립영화의 모호한 경계를 살펴본 후, 한국 독립영화의 현실과 문제점 그리고 제작, 배급에 있어서 효율적 소통을 위한 과제는 무엇인지 논의하였다. 독립영화 범위는 해석, 인식의 차이에 따라 독립영화의 범위가 결정되며, 관객과 쌍방향 소통의 중요성이 제기되므로 효율적 소통에 있어서 독립영화의 흥행작품들을 통해 분석해본다. 효율성 중심에 의해 해석되어지는 제작효율성은 적은 제작비와 지원 금액으로 완성하는 것이며, 배급효율성이란 많은 상영기회를 잡고, 많은 수익을 남기는 것과 영화제 상영 및 가치평가가 높다고 볼 수 있다. 독립영화인의 노력, 독립영화인과 관객의 쌍방향소통 정도 그리고 정책부문 정도에 의해 효율적 제작, 배급이 이루어 질 것으로 본다. 이런 가능성에 의해 한국 독립영화의 미래는 밝을 것이다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2019

With South Korea's limited capability of feed production because of its relatively small cultivable area, the country is pushed to depend on foreign feed imports despite the immensely fluctuating price of corn. Hence, intensive efforts to increase the total cultivable area in Korea like extending of farming to mountainous area is being practiced. Corn was planted in Goesan County, a mountainous area in the country. Grain and stover were harvested separately in three harvest periods: early-harvest (Aug 8), mid-harvest (Aug 18), and late-harvest (Aug 28). The nutrient composition such as dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) was determined after harvest. Effective degradability (ED) of the major nutrients (DM, NDF, ADF, and CP) were measured through in vitro fermentation of rumen fluid from Hanwoo (Korean cattle). pH, ammonia-N concentration, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, and gas production were periodically measured at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Corn grain showed higher nutrient content and ED than stover. It also had higher gas production but its pH, ammonia-N, and total VFA concentration were lower than corn stover. The best nutrient composition of corn grain was observed in early-harvest (high CP, EE, NDF, OM, NFC, and low ADF). Early-harvest of corn grain also had high effective degradability of dry matter (EDDM), effective degradability of neutral detergent fiber (EDNDF), effective degradability of acid detergent fiber (EDADF), and total VFA concentration. On the other hand, the best nutrient composition of stover was observed in mid-harvest (high DM, CP, NDF, and low ADF). EDDM, EDNDF, and EDADF were pronounced in early-harvest and mid-harvest of stover but the latter showed high total VFA concentration. Hence, early and mid-harvested corn stover and grain in a mountainous area preserved their nutrients, which led to the effective degradation of major nutrients and high VFA production.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1996

Modulation of the catabolic PEP-pathway of Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens was tried using some enzymatic inhibitors such as gases and chemicals in order to enhance succinic acid production. 10$\%$ CO increased the succinic acid/acetic acid (S/A) ratio but inhibited growth as well as production of succinic and acetic acid. Hydrogen gas also increased the S/A ratio and inhibited the synthesis of pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase when used in mixture with $CO_2$, Catabolic repression by acetic, lactic and formic acid was not recognized and other modulators such as glyoxylate, pyruvate derivatives, arsenic salt, phosphate and sulfate were shown not to be effective. Magesium carbonate was shown effective for repressing acetate production. Palmitic acid, myristic acid and phenylalanine did not affect acetate production but carprylic acid completely inhibited growth.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.740-744
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• 2005

Bifidobacterium has been previously shown to potentiate immune function, which was mediated through the stimulation of cytokine production by macrophage. This study was performed to further characterize the effective component of Bifidobacterium by measuring the level of interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine using the RAW 264.7 murine cell line as a macrophage model. RAW 264.7 cells were cultured for 24 h in the presence of whole cells (WCs), cell walls (CWs), and cell-free extracts (CFEs) from various strains of Bifidobacterium and other lactic acid bacteria at various concentrations. The most effective component was different depending on the strains and the concentrations used. When tested with each cell fraction from Bifidobacterium sp. BGN4, heat treatment of the cell fractions lowered the production of IL-6. Synergistic effect was obtained, especially when CWs and CFEs were combined. Sonicated WCs stimulated IL-6 production more than intact WCs. The in vitro approaches employed here should be useful in further characterization of the effects of Bifidobacterium on gastrointestinal and systemic immunity.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.52.1-52
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• 2001

System establishment using a network may be a decisive factor both for creating a flexible production system and increasing reliability and serve as a basis for setting up of a management system that will make the designing, maintenance, and repair easier. It is therefore imperative to develop a protocol which is simple to use for communications and connections among different devices. The objectives of this study is to establish communications protocol stack that will enable to conduct an effective monitoring of production facilities and to secure flexibility of reduction control system, and to improve the working ratio of the production facilities by centralization of communications system through effective collecting and storing of the diversified data of multi-type and multi-device production facilities.