• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.23-33
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• 2007

Summary of background data: At the wound from life of the human being very regarding at and a healing process the wound in the portion which is important meantime the many research is accomplished and healing process at the wound the research is small very from the physical therapy territory. Purpose: This study was performed to examine the effects of cold therapy and pulsed ultrasound treatment in the process of acute wound healing. To this end, we measured changes in the length of the wounds, and observed tissues through an optical microscope in order to evaluate the healing process of the acute wounds. Methods: We divided twenty Sprague-Dawley rats into four experimental groups of five rats each and treated them for three days after wound creation. Then we extracted tissues from the wounds on day 6th after wound creation and then took them out for hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. We measured changes in the length of the wounds every other day. Result: We were able to detect significant statistical differences in the cold therapy and pulsed ultrasound-treated wounds compared with control wounds. We observed tissues through an optical microscope and found the tissues in cold therapy and pulsed ultrasound-treated wounds healed well. Conclusions: Overall results indicated that the use of cold therapy and pulsed ultrasound treatment were effective in the process of acute wound healing.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.56-71
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• 1996

Background : Review of readmissions in health care facilities is necessary from the viewpoint of both economic concerns and quality considerations. To identify the characteristics, factors, and causes of multiple admissions in comparison with single admissions is essential for both providers and payers in order to assure quality care and efficient use of medical resources. Methods: All discharges from an university hospital in 1993 were analyzed, and the characteristics of multiple admissions were identified and were compared with those of single admissions by using the data bases of the discharge abstract and billing for reimbursement. Medical records of patients readmitted within 6 days after the previous discharge were reviewed to identify the reasons for such prompt readmission. Statistical analysis between groups of patients were performed by using SPSS. Result : The mean age was higher in multiple admissions than those of single admissions, and the average length of stay was longer in multiple admissions than in single admissions. The hospital cost per day is higher in single admissions while the cost per case is higher in multiple admissions. More than half of readmissions occurred within one month after the preceding discharges. Above 15% of the readmission within 6 days after the preceding discharges seemed to have close relationship with quality of care provided during the preceding hospitalization. The death rate of the patients readmitted within 6 days was the highest in comparison with multiple admissions and single admissions. Conclusion : Potential preventable readmissions should be reduced by identifying characteristics of multiple admissions, especially unplanned readmission, and by applying some interventions such as standard predischarge assessment or careful follow-up care after discharge for high risk readmission groups. As the results of these efforts, health care facilities could achieve quality improvement in medical care, and effective use of hospital resources.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2020

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of treadmill walking training using the metronome on the gait pattern. METHODS: A total of 33 healthy persons were studied consisting of 17 female and 16 male in the 20-30 age group. A gait analysis program was installed on a treadmill with a built - in gait analysis sensor and laptop. After 9 minutes of treadmill walking, gait analysis was performed for 1 minute. The mean values of the differences in the step length, angle of COP, separation line standard deviation and step force of the lower legs affecting walking symmetry were calculated for treadmill walking and treadmill walking using the metronome. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to test the normality of the collected data and a paired t-test was performed to analyze the difference in walking before and after using the metronome. RESULTS: As a result of the analysis, the mean of difference between the measured values of the bilateral lower extremity for step length, angle of COP, separation line standard deviation and step force were statistically significant before and after treadmill walking using the metronome. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the treadmill walking training using the metronome is effective in decreasing the difference in the foot width, gait angle, gait distribution, and foot pressure. Because of this, the treadmill walking training using the metronome has a significant effect on walking symmetry among the elements for correct walking, which is a means for enabling efficient and continuous walking.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.135-150
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• 2010

Purpose: To analyze the effects of customized home visiting health services on the health and health behaviors of clients with hypertension (n=107) and diabetes mellitus (DM: n=67). Methods: A one group pre and post-test research design was used. The subjects were registered in a customized 8-week, interventional, home visiting health services available in Daegu. Data was collected from November 17, 2008 to January 23, 2009. Analyses involved descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test and paired t-test. Result: Hypertension control rate was improved 25.2% and DM control rate was improved 3.0%. There were significantly beneficial hypertension-related differences in BP, health belief, health knowledge and health behaviors including performance of 10 min of moderate exercise, diet, BP monitoring and medication. Significantly beneficial DM-related changes included glucose, health belief, health knowledge and health behaviors including performance of 10 min of moderate exercise and glucose monitoring. But there were no significant hypertension-related differences in health belief (barrier) and health behavior including drinking and exercise length/frequency. Also, no significant DM-related differences were evident in health belief (barrier) and health behaviors including drinking, smoking, exercise length/frequency, diet and medication. Conclusion: Customized home visiting health service can provide effective, but not complete. Whether these benefits are maintained in the longer term is unknown.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 2014

Plant breeders have focused on improving plant architecture as an effective means to increase crop yield. Here, we identify the main-effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for plant shape-related traits in rice (Oryza sativa) and find candidate genes by applying whole genome re-sequencing of two parental cultivars using next-generation sequencing. To identify QTLs influencing plant shape, we analyzed six traits: plant height, tiller number, panicle diameter, panicle length, flag leaf length, and flag leaf width. We performed QTL analysis with 178 $F_7$ recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross of japonica rice line 'SNU-SG1' and indica rice line 'Milyang23'. Using 131 molecular markers, including 28 insertion/deletion markers, we identified 11 main- and 16 minor-effect QTLs for the six traits with a threshold LOD value > 2.8. Our sequence analysis identified fifty-four candidate genes for the main-effect QTLs. By further comparison of coding sequences and meta-expression profiles between japonica and indica rice varieties, we finally chose 15 strong candidate genes for the 11 main-effect QTLs. Our study shows that the whole-genome sequence data substantially enhanced the efficiency of polymorphic marker development for QTL fine-mapping and the identification of possible candidate genes. This yields useful genetic resources for breeding high-yielding rice cultivars with improved plant architecture.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.181-185
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of types of drive-in initial steps in basketball on technical factors, to provide basic information for the enhancement of basketball skill. Method: Ten men (age: $24.70{\pm}2.26years$; height: $181.00{\pm}5.72cm$; weight: $75.70{\pm}8.23kg$; career length: $10.00{\pm}3.59years$), each with a career length of over five years and no history of injury to the lower extremities within the prior six months, participated in this study. They were asked to perform four types of drive-in movements at $35{\sim}60^{\circ}$, wearing their own shoes, after running from a start line 5 m away and catching a basketball passed by an expert passer. The drive-in movements were measured by eight infrared cameras (Oqus 300, Qualisys, Sweden). Collected raw data were used to calculate total initial step time, displacement, velocity, center of mass (COM) height, and COM velocity. Results: Total initial step displacement and velocity of cross drive-ins (JC, SC) were greater than that of direct drive-ins (JD, SD; p < .05). COM velocity of cross drive-ins (JC, SC) was also greater than that of direct drive-ins (JD, SD; p < .05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that cross drive-ins, regardless of stop step type, are more effective than direct drive-ins. This is because cross drive-ins are technically bold due to less influence from walking violations and double dribble rules in basketball. However, using one-sided movement is too difficult to play in competitive game; therefore, basketball players should develop the ability to choose appropriate movement frequency.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.109-119
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a delirium prevention intervention for patients in neurology and neurosurgery intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study. Participants were 87 patients. The experimental group was provided with nonpharmacologic and multicomponent delirium prevention interventions, consisting of regular delirium assessment, improvement in orientation, early therapeutic intervention, and environmental interventions. The control group was provided with routine intensive care. Data were analyzed using $x^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test. Results: Both groups were homogeneous. The incidence of delirium and length of hospitalization were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group. ICU stay, mortality and unplanned extubation were lower in the experimental group compared to the control group, but there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Findings indicate that the delirium prevention intervention is effective in reducing incidence of delirium and length of hospitalization. Therefore, this intervention should be helpful in preventing delirium in neurology and neurosurgery ICUs and can be used as a guide in the prevention of delirium in neurological diseases's patients.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.42 no.2 s.302
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• pp.59-68
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• 2005

The amount of digitalized contents has been rapidly increased, but the main distribution channel of them is Internet which is easily accessible. Therefore 'security' necessarily arises as one of the most important issues and the method of protecting contents becomes a major research topic as much as data coding techniques. In recent years, many developers have studied on techniques that allow only authorized person to access contents. Among them the scrambling method is one of well-known security techniques. In this paper, we propose a simple and effective digital video scrambling method which utilizes the intra block properties of a recent video coding technique, H.264. Since intra prediction modes are adopted in H.264 standard, it is easy to scramble a video sequence with modification of the intra prediction modes. In addition to its simplicity, the proposed method does not increase bit rate after scrambling. The inter blocks are also distorted by scrambling intra blocks only. This paper introduces a new digital video scrambling method and verifies its effectiveness through simulation.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.60-69
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the level of resilience and related factors in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in Korea. Methods: Data were obtained from 148 patients using the Resilience Scale (RS), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), and Spielberger's Anxiety Inventory (AI). Results: The mean scores of the RS, BDI, and AI were $127.7{\pm}21.6$, $12.9{\pm}9.3$, and $41.9{\pm}11.1$, respectively. The RS score was strongly correlated with the BDI score (r=-.531, p<.001) and the AI (r=-.572, p<.001). The resilience was significantly revealed by household income (F=4.002, p=.009) and presence of a hobby (t=-3.300, p=.001). In addition, resilience was significantly correlated with age of disease onset (r=.164, p=.046), years of living with PD (r=-.262, p=.001), and the length of treatment with levodopa (r=-.283, p<.001). From the stepwise multiple regression analysis, the most important factors related to the RS score were the AI score, household income, and length of treatment with levodopa. Conclusion: Understanding these factors is essential for developing effective interventions to improve resilience in patients with PD.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1025-1029
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• 2012

Objective: To determine the killing effects on extracorporeal HepG2 cells under different temperatures, pressures of permeability and lengths of treatment time. Method: According to different temperatures, pressures of permeability and lengths of treating time, extracorporeal HepG2 cells of human hepatoma cell-line were grouped to 80 groups. Cell index (CI) as the measurement of killing effect were calculated by monotetrazolium (MTT) methods, i.e., CI =1- (the OD value in treated group - the OD value in blank control group) / (mean of untreated control group - mean of blank control group). According to the factorial design, data were fed into SPSS 10.0 and analyzed by three-way ANOVA (analysis of variance). Result: Temperature, pressure of permeability and length of treating time all had effects on the CI (cell index) level. Length of treating time was the most influential factor of the three. Additionally, any two of them all had statistically significant interactive effects on the CI level. When treated for 5-30 min, destilled water at $46^{\circ}C$ stably generated the highest CI. Conclusion: The "$46^{\circ}C$-destilled water-60 min" was considered as the optimal combination of conditions which lead to highest CI. We suggest exerting celiac lavage for 15 min with stilled water at $40^{\circ}C-43^{\circ}C$ in surgical practice as a hyperthermia treatment to achieve ideal killing effects on free cancer cells, which is feasible, practical, and clinically effective.