• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국주거학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.291-296
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study were to make clear the present condition of indoor thermal and air environment by air-conditioning in school classrooms and to analyze the relation of the living conditions with indoor environment. The measurements on physical elements and observations on living conditions were carried out in 6 classrooms of 3 middle or high schools. Measuring elements were indoor temperature, relative humidity, $PM_{10}$ and $CO_2$ concentration. As results, the averages of indoor temperature each classrooms were 24.9${\sim}$26.6 . Most of classrooms were lower than the Maintenance standard(26${\sim}$28 ) of School Health Law. The means of relative humidity were 51.3${\sim}$72%, all classrooms were ranged within the standard(30${\sim}$80%). The means of $PM_{10}$ concentration were 3.5${\sim}$23.1 ${\mu}g/m^3$, all classrooms were kept within the standard(100 ${\mu}g/m^3$). The means of $CO_2$ concentration were 1218.7${\sim}$4705.4 ppm, all classrooms were exceed the standard(1,000ppm). The results of analysis on relations of living conditions with the physical elements are as follow; the air conditioner set of temperature, windows and doors opening elapsed time, the number of students in classrooms and activities of students had certain effect on indoor environment.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study were to make clear the present condition of indoor thermal and air environment by cooling in school classrooms and to analyze the relation of the living conditions with indoor environment. The measurements on physical elements and observations on living conditions were carried out in 6 classrooms of 3 middle or high schools. Measuring elements were indoor temperature, relative humidity, PM10 and $CO_2$ concentration. As results, the averages of indoor temperature each classrooms were $24.9{\sim}26.6^{\circ}C$. Most of classrooms were lower than the Maintenance standard $(26{\sim}28^{\circ}C)$ of School Health Law. The means of relative humidity were $51.3{\sim}72%$, all classrooms were ranged within the standard $(30{\sim}80%)$. The means of PM10 concentration were $3.5{\sim}23.1{\mu}g/m^3$, all classrooms were kept within the standard $(100{\mu}g/m^3)$. The means of $CO_2$ concentration were $1218.7{\sim}4705.4ppm$, all classrooms were exceed the standard (1,000ppm). The results of analysis on relations of living conditions with the physical elements are as follow; the air conditioner set of temperature, windows and doors opening elapsed time, the number of students in classrooms and activities of students had certain effect on indoor environment.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2005

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of the Phytofiltration system on the improvement of indoor air quality. Measurement was performed in a full-scale mock up model to examine the purification efficiency of air by plants. Seven species of plants, which were recommended by NASA, were used in measurements. Two species of plants that showed outstanding purifying effects were chosen for further measurements. The measurements were performed according to the positions and amounts of plants. Thermal environment, the concentration of Toluene and Formaldehyde were monitored. Ficus Benjamiana and Aglaonema brevispathum were excellent in diluting the concentration of contaminants. The effect of diluting concentration became better as the amount of plants increased. The reducing effect was the best when the plants were placed near window.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국실내디자인학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.212-216
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to make clear the indoor thermal environmental efficiency of indoor garden in apartment during winter. The questionnaire survey was carried out during the l0th${\sim}$20th of February 2004, respondents consisted of 215 residents living in a subject apartment estate. The field measurements of indoor thermal elements were carried out at A house with indoor garden and at B house without indoor garden. The measurements in two-subject houses were taken on simultaneously the 11th of February. As Results, the residents living in apartments with indoor garden show positive response on air moisture and satisfaction. The daily ranges of indoor temperature and globe temperature in the A house were narrower than the B house. The average relative humidity in the A house was higher and constant than the B house. Therefore, it was seemed that indoor environment during winter in the house with indoor garden maintained more constant or comfortable than the house without indoor garden by earning effect and humidity control effect of plants.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 2009

The atrium in the building has many advantages including its aesthetic and functional effect. But the upper part of the atrium has the thermal problem of overheating due to insolation through the window. But natural ventilation aided buoyancy effect can be a solution to make comfortable indoor environment. Proper design of openings is very important to improve thermal environment in the atrium. In this study, thermal evaluations were performed to improve thermal environment in the atrium. Indoor thermal environment of an atrium at Seoul was measured in the field and simulated with Computational Fluid Dynamics( CFD) code. The turbulent flow model adopted is $K-{\varepsilon}$ model. The results of computer simulations are compared with the measurements at the point in the atrium. In order to improve the indoor ventilation environment of the atrium, thermal environment evaluations of six alternatives were conducted. After evaluations of the results, the design guidelines of an atrium are suggested.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.97-105
• /
• 2008

The purposes of this study were to determine the actual state of the indoor thermal environment in apartment units and to analyze the relationship between the living factors and indoor thermal elements. The field surveys consisted of measurements of physical elements and observations of living factors. In addition, the residents of 20 apartment units were interviewed to survey their subjective response. Field surveys were carried out from January to March 2007. Measuring elements were air temperature, globe temperature, and relative humidity. The results showed that the average of indoor temperature for the houses was $21.2{\sim}27.2^{\circ}C$, while 4 houses exceeded the comfort zone. The average of globe temperature for the houses was $21.3{\sim}27.5^{\circ}C$, while 6 houses exceeded the comfort zone. The mean relative humidity was $19.5{\sim}58.8%$, which is a relatively dry condition. The residents' average clothing value was $0.39{\sim}0.89$ clo(average 0.68 clo). The average thermal sensation vote on each room was $4.2{\sim}4.8$, which is 'neutral' to 'slightly warm'. Living factors had significant effect on indoor temperature in regression analysis were ventilation time(outdoor air exchange), opening time of door through balcony, and gas cooker use time.

• 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.346-354
• /
• 2018

In this study, the condition of the hazardous materials in the bus was monitored according to the ventilation mode of the air conditioning system during bus service. The bus was surveyed using the indoor air quality measurement method of public transportation vehicles within one year of delivery. We evaluate the $CO_2$ and $PM_{10}$, which are the controlled parameters in buses by the Ministry of Environment, and VOCs and HCHO, the non-controlled parameters. The $PM_{10}$ concentration increased due to outdoor air intake; however the $CO_2$ concentration was found to decrease. In addition, the concentration of VOCs and HCHO was found to decrease due to the forced ventilation system and the outdoor air intake. These results show that the concentration of the other materials except $PM_{10}$ can be changed due to the outside air concentration and forced ventilation system. Therefore, through indoor air quality characteristics of the bus according to air condition system are intended to be used as the basis of an operation manual.

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2007

Existent researches about indoor thermal environment have been focused on to seek human's comfort in daytime. Also researches about thermal comfort during the sleeping time that is important for resting and recharging to modern people have been seldom existed. At present, as global warming phenomenon is being continued, most people are going through inconvenience by sultriness during the sleeping hours in sweltering summer night. Therefore we need another control method of an air conditioner to keep human's thermal comfort. Ambient temperature is a common factor of the environment, but analysis of its effect on human body physiology is still unknown. The effect of ambient temperature on human sleep has been increasingly studied in the last decade. This research investigated about optimal indoor temperature to maintain proper skin temperature and comfortable sleep when indoor air is cooled by an air conditioner in sweltering summer night.

• 인간식물환경학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.179-194
• /
• 2021

Background and objective: Plant-based biofilter system has become a promising candidate for improving indoor air quality due to its eco-friendly and sustainable nature. However, it remains controversial whether indoor air purification using a biofilter is effective. Methods: This study used the one-group pre- and post-test design to analyze the effects of the operation of the plant-based biofilter system on indoor air quality, students' perception of indoor air quality, health effects, and subjective and objective attentiveness. Results: Results of this study show that the application of the plant-based biofilter system changed the air environment in the classroom. The operation of the plant-based biofilter system significantly decreased PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ and slightly increased temperature and humidity. Satisfaction with air quality and subjective attentiveness were significantly improved but objective attentiveness and health effects were not improved. Conclusion: Further studies need to be conducted for improving indoor air quality of schools and evaluating the health effects and attention of occupants to present the objective performance of the plant-based biofilter system.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.854-859
• /
• 2006

This study aims to evaluate the effect on indoor environment by the application of the shading device on winter season. Therefore, thermal and visual experiments were conducted at two side-by-side mock-Lip test cells which were equipped with the shading device(venetian blind & roll blind) at interior and exterior side of the window. The results of this study are as follows: 1) At night of winter, the shading device can prevent internal heat from going out. 2) Exterior shading device is more effective in winter as well as in summer. 3) At daytime of winter, the shading device can provide the uniformity of illuminance, and the interior shading device is more effective.