• Educational Technology International
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.127-143
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to identify the interaction patterns in distance only mode e-Learning. In order to investigate this study, messages shown in the electronic notice board were analyzed to see how interaction occurs between teacher and learner or learner and learner under the e-learning of cyber university. To analyze messages was applied according to the framework by Henri's contents analysis model. As a result of contents analysis on electronic board, the participative dimension was 399 messages. A learner put on 7~8 messages a day. The number of messages was low compared to the number of learners, but the number of inquiries was about 140. That means that each learner contacts and checks messages at least once a day. The meaning dimension was 600 units. The main interaction patterns were Interactive-social-cognitive-metacognitive. This means that e-Learning in distance only mode leads a positive attitude of learners as a self-directed learning, and needs teacher's well-structured instructional strategies for increasing interaction. In conclusion, social dimension and interactive dimension of messages support learners psychologically in the process of learning though they directly guide learning under the circumstances of e-learning lacking face-to-face element. It can be interpreted that the teacher's role is significantly important in order to attract learners' positive participation and cognitive and meta-cognitive dimension of messages and activities

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.269-275
• /
• 2023

A Morel-Lavallée lesion results from a degloving injury between the muscle fascia and the subcutaneous layer. It is most commonly found in the trochanteric area but can occur at other sites. The treatment of the condition varies according to the medical circumstances, as well as the size and chronicity of the condition. A case of large (18×6 and 10×5 cm) bilateral posttraumatic Morel-Lavallée lesions with no underlying bone fracture is presented; the case occurred in a 49-year-old male patient 4 weeks posttrauma. Ultrasound scans showed bilateral large collections of anechoic fluid, which were aspirated under ultrasound guidance and further managed by compression bandages. There were no further complications. The objective of this case report is to present this unique and educational case, as well as to provide an overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of Morel-Lavallée lesions. We conclude by discussing the importance of having a high index of suspicion to ensure early detection and prompt treatment of such lesions to avoid complications.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.89-101
• /
• 2022

International remittances play a crucial role in the economic management of each country, especially in developing countries. Its functions are diverse, including procurement of foreign currency, serving as a cushion for the balance of payments and foreign exchange reserves by reducing the adverse external shocks, driving economic growth, easing the gap between the rich and the poor, and maintaining macroeconomic stability. However, previous studies on remittances have mainly focused on macro-and micro-economic aspects to analyze the determinants. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the determinants of remittances in 122 countries over the past 25 years from macroeconomic and educational aspects as well as institutional qualities. In addition, given the fact that almost all of the world's top 10 recipient countries in terms of GDP and total remittance size are developing countries, developed and developing countries are separated and analyzed for comparison, assuming that there may be a difference between the two groups. Results show that the coefficients of developed and developing countries are different in four areas: Control of Corruption (CC), Rule of Law (RL), Voice and Accountability (VA), and Regulatory Quality (RQ) among the six institutional variables of interest in this study. These results implicate that even the same institutions and policies should be applied and implemented differently depending on the circumstances of each country. In addition, as suggested by the World Bank, policymakers in all countries should double their policy efforts to lower the costs of remittance and improve access to the financial system for immigrants or dispatched workers to ensure a steady inflow of remittances.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Arts Education Studies
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.97-147
• /
• 2010

Under the recent trend of globalization, a new proposal on education has not been able to avoid the request for multi-cultural trend. Furthermore, education has been exposed to circumstances which are far different from the previous situations in which global cooperation and intercultural understanding have been more emphasized. 'Educational Nomadism'is a metaphor of creating new value and significance of education. In fact, transnational education which could be a crisis and opportunity at the same time has recently been the mainstream throughout the world. In terms of education, Korea has encountered base hollowing-out in which excessive dependence on the US education and autonomous education coexist. In fact, the world has spent a lot of time and money to have better educational background on a resume through redundant expense by the government and parents. Under this critical situation, it's urgent to change Korea's modern education into a creative educational system in connection with an advanced foreign educational system and further develop the advantage of Korea's education. A parent's investment in his/her child is a support to create new culture as well as an assistance for hope and better future of Korean education. A new direction of parents' education fever that has opened a door to global communitas can stir up infinite potential through which the flow of education fever can be changed to the resources of new civilization. The global cooperation and efforts for communitas means the communication with this world. Through this communication, the culture in which people are forced to zero-sum competition can leap into the education for change of civilization which creates pleasure of self sufficiency and donation.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.50-66
• /
• 2007

An Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) is a well-trained emergency responder to provide emergency medical services to the critically ill and injured patient. In various situations, EMT may destroy potential physical evidences associated with the crime scene or determination of real cause of death. This study was aimed to evaluate the educational need of forensic medicine in Korean EMT. Questionnaires were administered to 592 EMTs during March 2007. The response rate was 60.3%(357 EMTs). In questionnaires there were 13 questions regarding the general characteristics, 16 questions about roles of EMTs related with forensic circumstances, 9 questions about the education related to forensic medicine. Questionnaires rated on a 4-point Likert scale or 5-point Likert scale. Most of 119 rescue EMTs had experienced with situations related to crime or unexpected sudden death. EMTs had arrived to the scenes earlier than police and complained of some difficulties related with deficit of forensic knowledge. EMTs wanted to receive continuous educations about forensic medicine. In order to reduce dissatisfaction with EMTs roles and to improve crime scene preservations, Emergency Medical Services policies should provide regular educational curriculum by forensic pathologists and promote legal responsibilities for 119 rescue EMTs.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.179-188
• /
• 1999

Today when an age of unlimited competition is being ushered in, we are witnessing a Domino phenomenon driving many companies into insolvency due to the control of IMF bailout program and national management crisis. Amid such an extreme vortex, our companies are struggling hared to survive the crisis. As it is, it is very difficult for domestic companies to invest their capitals in the development of new technologies as they did in the past. Particularly, as knowhow or information regarding new technologies or products are databased or computerized enough to allow for its easier sharing or transmission, the conventional competitive edges are being dismissed more and more. Under such circumstances, the industrial design may be the best strategy or means for domestic companies to surmount their management crisis. For an industrial design may help to create a higher added value with a shouter-term investment or effort than other types of research and development efforts. In order to realize such a higher added value of the industrial design with a shorter-term investment, it is required to establish an educational system which can continue to supply the quality design professionals armed with sense of creativity and practical applicability. Only when such an educational system has been established, our companies can afford to advance into the world markets with their unique designs produced by their professional designers. With such a basic conception in mind, this study was aimed at providing for the data useful to establishment of a scientific and systematic industrial design education system or the prerequisite for development of our industrial designs. To this end, the educational system of domestic and foreign college design departments were investigated and analyzed, while researcher's experience at a design department of Yuhan college (hereunder called 'Y' college) were used. Based on the results of investigation and analysis, marketing strategies for design departments are put forwards together with a new pedagogic method of bringing up professional industrial designers through reinforcement of the design department curriculum.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.231-244
• /
• 2014

Domestic recessions, business restructurings, voluntary resignations and youth unemployment crises have fueled competition in the start-up market, and business start-up is increasingly incited as a means to make a living under circumstances. However, ill-prepared business start-ups result in bankruptcy. Profound knowledge and skills are required for successful start-up. A successful entrepreneur of a business is often not born but made. The purpose of this study was to examine the success factors of successful venture entrepreneurs in an effort to make some suggestions on entrepreneurship education. After the characteristics of the selected successful venture entrepreneurs were analyzed, 18 items were selected as their success factors, and the following six things were presented as what should be taken into account in relation to the competency of a successful entrepreneur: First, achievement-needs characteristics and goal-oriented characteristics that belong to the characteristics of entrepreneurs could be educationally taken advantage of in entrepreneurship education. Second, achievement-needs characteristics are an educational element of the preparatory stage, and goal-oriented characteristics are an educational element for business administration after starting a business. Third, hands-on experience is mandatory since learning by experience is quite important for entrepreneurs. Fourth, entrepreneurship education is more effective when it targets the younger generations. Fifth, the kind of educational support that is to assess the entrepreneurship of prospective entrepreneurs to help them improve their overall entrepreneurship is required. Finally, entrepreneurship education should be offered by a person with experience of setting up a business so that he or she could inform learners of their practical experience and knowhow.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.25
• /
• pp.41-63
• /
• 2011

Many educational facilities have been formed due to the nation's revival policy in the animation industry since about 1995. Owed to the active financial support of the nation, the production industry rapidly vitalized, production technology rapidly advanced, and a large workforce is being passed on into society through educational institutions. The reality of many developing countries appearing to be putting emphasis on the industrialization of animation, similar to our country, is becoming a great pressure on us industrially. It is never easy to develop a certain field into a globally competitive industry in a short period of time. Our countermeasure, pursuant to these international circumstances, lies in innovation and creativity that has broken away from the existing methods of production, and mass production of high quality animation specialists. This paper is a new educational proposition for the consolidation of national competitiveness. Animating, the core of producing an animation, completely depends on the animator's artistic and technical ability. In order to supplement the existing methods of studying by theory and make up for the biggest weak point, which is the lack of "on the scene" learning contents, I propose incorporating movements based on frequently appearing characters in popular animations and acting them out slowly and including the "Slow Motion" kinetic effect, a way of enabling someone to learn and sense astrodynamic fundamental principles by oneself. It is a new method of learning movement, a plan made to achieve sensual performance gestures, and an improvement in direction for students who wish to become animators in the future.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.57-81
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to summarise the educational meanings of Official Foreign Language Schools(hereafter, OFLS) in Korea, 1895-1906. Especially, I try to find out the foreign language policy of the Joseon Dynasty and the comparative superiority between six foreign language schools - Japanese School, English School, French School, Russian School, Chinese School, and German School - through the traits of teachers and the change of students numbers at the Regulation Period. As a part of Kabo Reforms, the government had abolished the of Civil Service Examination System and status system, and foreign languages worked as a cultural capital to acquire modern civilization and to escalate one's social status. The results were as follows: Firstly, the OFLS have to be regarded as one of the highest educational institute during the Regulation Period. The eligibility of the OFLS was over 15 years old, but most of the incoming students were over 20 years old. Secondly, many of the OFLS's teachers were specialists of military, diplomat and mechanics. Especially, Martel, the teacher of French school played an important role for the neutral diplomacy policy of the Great Korean(Dae-Han) Empire during the Regulation Period. Thirdly, the recruit of new members of the OFLS was affected by the political and social circumstances at that time. Fourthly, the statistics of incoming students during the Regulation Period was concentrated on Chinese school, French school, and English school in due order. Thus, it differed from the commonly accepted ideas of students' statistics which was concentrated on English School and Japanese School. Fifthly, the OFLS were not only for the training of official interpreters(譯官通事), but also the cultivation of civil servants who could become statesman.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.11-22
• /
• 1998

The present educational and social circumstances require the improvement of science education and the promotion of scientific technology simultaneously Under this situation, it is necessary to develop the performance assessment evaluating the ability of scientific inquiry. The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable instrument of the performance assessment that is can evaluate the scientific inquiring ability. The characteristics of the instrument developed through this study, are as follows, 1. The performance assessment can be impartially achieved for all the elements of scientific inquiry, which are required in the units of elementary science from 3rd to 6th grade of elementary school. 2. To maintain the objectivity of performance assessment, the detailed standpoints and standards are established. 3. The instruments are devised to evaluate the thinking skills with the experimental reports of student, the operation skills by the check list of evaluation that the teacher's observation for the student are recorded. 4. Considering the level of elementary school student, the items required the complex thinking and the investigative skills are exclude as much as possible. 5. The items are arranged according to the learning steps of elementary school, so that the evaluation may be achieved in parallel with the process of the real teaching -learning in class. 6. According to circumstances, make use of these materials for the evaluation as the practical teaching-learning materials instead of the normal teaching-learning materials The first field trial with the instrument was carried out, using a sample of 20 students from the 3rd to 6th at K and Y elementary school located in Kwangju city. The results of mean achievement quotient for each grade are as follows, the first term of 3rd grade (experiment and exercise skills ; 85%, inquiry thinking skills ; 74%), the second term of 3rd grade (experiment and exercise skills : 81%, inquiry thinking skills ; 76%), the first term of 4th grade (experiment and exercise skills ; 70%, inquiry thinking skills ; 59%), the second term of 4th grade (experiment and exercise skills ; 61%, inquiry thinking skills ; 71%), the first term of 5th grade (experiment and exercise skills ; 84%, inquiry thinking skills ; 67%), the second term of 5th grade (experiment and exercise skills; 73%, inquiry thinking skills ; 70%), the first term of 6th grade (experiment and exercise skills : 83%, inquiry thinking skills ; 84%), the second term of 6th grade (experiment and exercise skills ; 87%, inquiry thinking skills ; 81%).