• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.457-465
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• 1995

The purpose of the present study is to identify potentially hazardous factors which can contribute to the outbreak of foodborne disease and to represent more practical management methods in terms of environmental sanitation and facilities for the kitchen. 230 Korean-style restaurants in Seoul were assessed and analyzed by the restaurant total area. Facilities and sanitary check-lists were developed to evaluate the facilities and sanitary conditions of sampled restaurants. The sanitary condition of kitchen, guest room and other area were assessed by the sanitary score. The basic cooking machinery and utensil were properly facilitated but automation machinery were equiped below 10% sampled restaurants. The kitchen area were not properly sufficient to total area. Sanitary condition of kitchen, guest room, cooking appliance and stored foods were evaluated as the unsatisfactory state with potentially hazardous. Concrete guidelines should be made in terms of following item; establishment for the kitchen space expansion, facilities for the improvement of the working environment and sanitary condition of foods cooked. Additionaly, it need to practice the effective education and training program for the foodservice manager and employees.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.284-294
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• 2012

In the study, we estimate efficiencies using CCR model of DEA, Super efficiency(AP) model, and super-SBM model with the data of 32 regional public hospitals in Korea from 205 to 2009. With Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney statistics, we analyze efficiency differences for environmental factors(regions, type of hospital, type of operations, type of education training, relative importance of madicaids) among regional public hospitals. The results can be summarized as follows. Firstly, technical inefficiencies of regional public hospitals range from 15% to 17% in CCR model, 13% to 15% in AP model, 7% to 12.6% in SuperSBM model. Second, we confirm that environmental factors of hospitals cause different inefficiencies among them. The implication of this study is that policy and institutional change may need to improve the efficiencies along with internal managerial reform.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.241-246
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• 2010

Purpose: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) has become a technically feasible and safe procedure for early gastric cancer treatment. LAG is being increasingly performed in many centers; however, there have been few reports regarding LAG at low-volume centers. The aim of this study was to report our early experience with LAG in patients with gastric cancer at a low-volume center. Materials and Methods: The clinicopathologic data and surgical outcomes of 39 patients who underwent LAG for gastric cancer between April 2007 and March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean age was 68.3 years. Thirty-one patients had medical co-morbidities. The mean patient ASA score was 2.0. Among the 39 patients, 4 patients underwent total gastrectomy and 35 patients underwent distal gastrectomy. The mean blood loss was 145.4 ml and the mean operative time was 259.4 minutes. The mean time-to-first flatus, first oral intake, and the postoperative hospital stay was 2.8, 3.1, and 9.3 days, respectively. The 30-day mortality rate was 0%. Postoperative complications developed in 9 patients, as follows: anastomotic leakage, 1; wound infection, 1; gastric stasis, 2; postoperative ileus, 1; pneumonia, 1; cerebral infarction, 1; chronic renal failure, 1; and postoperative psychosis, 1. Conclusions: LAG is technically feasible and can be performed safely at a low-volume center, but an experienced surgical team and careful patient selection are necessary. Furthermore, for early mastery of the learning curve for LAG, surgeons need education and training in addition to an accumulation of cases.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.527-536
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the attitudes and dispositions of doping in elite golf players. 136 elite golfers (75 male, 61 female) were participated in this study and responded to Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale, Perfectionism in Sport Scale and Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2. Data that were collected analyzed by hierarchical multi regression. In male golfers, unequal recognition (UR) of coach had a positive effect on the attitudes and dispositions of doping, and rivalry (R) had a negative effect on that. In female golfers, Coach's criticism (CC) had a positive effect on the attitudes and dispositions of doping. The effective anti-doping program which reflects the results of this study should be developed and implemented for elite golf players who need the anti-doping education.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.581-584
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• 2013

E-Learning, a technology-based learning process is the obtaining of knowledge from the basis of IT technology. The development of e-Learning requires corporate educational staff as well as HR staff, who manage e-learning, to drastically change their roles. The main reason for this is that the properly adapted and highly experienced education and training abilities of HR staff could accelerate the adoption and usage of e-Learning but they need to clearly select and define an appropriate curriculum from among the extensive mass-customized content with an e-learning basis. Here the research has analyzed the influence of the introduction and usage of e-Learning in hotels on HR staff and their roles from the viewpoint of hermeneutic phenomenology.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.153-195
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• 2005

There has been 10 years since The Health Promotion Act was legislated. The government began to establish a health promotion fund on the basis of Health Promotion Act in 1995, and to manage and operate the fund from 1998. It is evaluated that health promotion program have had various outcomes in many aspects. First, there has been growing awareness of the impotance of health promotion through the establishment of Health Plan 2010 and the effort to actualize the Plan. Second, the importance of securing health equity and identifying health determinants have been recognized during the planning process of Health Plan 2010. Third, the health promotion program have mainly focused on improving healthy life style of the population. As a result, desirable health behavior change of the population could be expected from the result of 2005 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Fourth, public health centers began to play a crucial role in implementing health promotion programs, and began to build infrastructure for health promotion programs. Fifth, the outcomes of health promotion programs by public health centers and private health organizations have been increasing. Finally, training for health promotion personnel and their participation in the program could be the foundation for the higher level of outcome achievement from the health promotion programs. Important challenges for future health promotion would be identification of the determinants and risk factors of health in Korea, establishment of local health promotion plan, building infrastructure for health promotion, creation of specific action model by public health center, development of diverse health promotion programs and health promotion program for the elderly, conducting research for evidence concerning major factors reducing the need for health care through prevention disease activities, and establishment of evaluation and feed back system for health promotion programs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.76-86
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• 2012

Purpose: As Korea has been rapidly transformed to be a multicultural society, it becomes essential for nurses to develop cultural competency. The purpose of this descriptive study was to assess the cultural competency level of general hospital nurses and to examine its contributing factors adopting ecological model. Method: A convenience sample of 327 nurses from six general hospitals in Seoul metropolitan area was recruited between November 14 to 28, 2011. Cultural competency was measured using the Korean version of the Caffrey Cultural Competence in Healthcare Scale (CCCHS) and Cultural Competence Assessment(CCA). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the influence of intrapersonal, cultural-experience, and organizational factors on cultural competency. Results: Mean cultural competency in this study was 2.57(${\pm}0.43$). Cultural competency was associated with job position (p=.044) at the intrapersonal level. At the cultural experience level, foreign language classes experience (p=.005), fluency in a foreign language (p=.000), experience of working with foreign health care professionals (p=.000) were associated cultural competency. At the organizational level, training program (p=.000), job description (p=.002), health education materials (p=.016), insufficient job control (p=.000), and interpersonal conflicts (p=.011) showed significant difference. Foreign language class experience, foreign language fluency, experience of working with foreign health care professionals, and job control were the most consistent predictors of cultural competence and explained 20.4% of the total variance in the proposed ecological model. Conclusions: The findings suggest that to enhance cultural competency in general hospital nurses, cultural experience and organizational factors need to be more fully considered than intrapersonal factors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.219-224
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• 2009

Construction industry is an important key industry and many measures to revitalize it as local economy has been stagnant. However, construction industry works combined with governmental policies, global and local economies, populations, construction companies and many other related factors, and it is very hard for those counter-plans to meet every need and goal of the related. In this study, interviews and questionnaires of the professionals of the construction industry in Busan, were carried out, to find the cause of the inactivity of the construction market, the problems of the policies and regulations, and the problems of the construction companies in Busan and the solutions were suggested. The realistic master-plans and the reduction of the cost price for the problems of the redevelopment business having no feasibility, the reasonable relaxation of the restrictions for the problems of the governmental policies, the professional training and education for the lack of the high-quality human resources and the working system changes for the problems of the local construction companies turned out as results. The results of the study will be a chance to understand the different ideas of the professionals, and help with the plans to improve and to revitalize the local construction industry. The results of the study will be a chance to understand the different ideas of the professionals, and help with the plans to improve and to revitalize the local construction industry.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.275-283
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance status of the ligal examination of risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs). The study was based on in-depth interviews with the persons in charge of the examination in 63 sampled companies, which are various in location, type of industry and size. The interviews were carried out based on detail questions as well as a predefined checklist. The main findings are as follows: 1) More than half of the companies did not properly comply with the laws in performing the examination of MSDs risk factors; 2) In about 60% of the companies, the examination has been carried out by their own persons; 3) 38% of the companies conducting the survey of musculoskeletal symptoms did not diagnosed musculoskeletal symptoms based on the survey; 4) Most companies performed the prevention activities for MSDs such as education/training, stretching, etc.; 5) It was revealed that the 11 high-risk tasks were not considered to be properly defined by the people in the industries, which results in some difficulties such as ambiguity in defining the 11 tasks and unit tasks; 6) The period of the examination of risk factors, classification of periodic and occupational examinations and legalization of employers' obligation for preventing MSDs are considered to be acceptable or desirable, while it was pointed out that regulations for the method of the risk assessment and the person who in charge of the examination need to be modified.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.142-153
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• 1997

Empathy is an essential factor for establishing therapeutic relationship. Especially for pediatric nursing, the nurses need to know how to perceive children's feeling and thought and to express her understanding about them affectively. So, empathy is considered as an important concept in pediatric nursing. This study was attempted to measure the empathic ability of pediatric nurses by pediatric nurses and mothers of hospitalized children. The subject of this study consisted of 83 pediatric nurses and 106 mothers of hospitalized children in 4 hospitals in Seoul and 1 hospital in Kyung-Gi. Data were collected from Jan. 14 to Feb. 6, 1997, by the questionnair method. The instrument for this study was the Empathic Construct Rating Scale : ECRS(60-item, 5 point scale). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA. Results of this study are summarized as follows 1. Pediatric nurses perceived their empathic ability to be moderately high (Mn=3.71). The level of perceived empathic ability of the pediatric nurses showed no significance by general characteristics. 2. The mothers of hospitalized children perceived nurses' empathic ability to be moderate(Mn=3.27). The level of perceived nurses' empathic ability of the mothers of hospitalized children showed significant differences by the experience of hospitalization of the children and the age of the mothers. 3. The perceived nurses' empathic ability of the mothers was significantly low than of the pediatric nurses(t=6.50, P<.001). From the above results, it can be concluded, that the empathic ability of the pediatric nurses is not sufficient for caring children and mothers of ficiently. So, the pediatric nurses' empathic ability is needed to improve through facilitative relationship training as refreshment in-service education program.