• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.141-157
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• 2008

이 연구에서는 KDC 제4판 언어류와 문학류의 분류항목들을 개선하기 위해, 언어류와 문학류의 본표 항목과 조기표 항목을 분석하여 개선을 위한 구체적인 방안을 제시하였다. 그 개선방안은 한국문학과 영미문학의 시대구분을 위한 새로운 분류항목의 설정, 불합리하게 설정된 언어정책 및 언어행정의 해당언어의 역사 아래로의 이치, 각국 언어 및 문학의 부적합한 명칭표기의 조정, 표준구분의 적용과 의미파악에 어려움이 있는 주기에 대한 추가주기의 설정 및 보완, 2개국어사전의 분류규정의 변경, 한국 현대소설의 주제세분을 비롯해 영국문학과 미국문학의 구분을 위한 선택조항의 적용, 그리고 기타 아시아 제어 아래의 드라비다어와 기타 제어 아래의 켈트어, 셈어족, 함어족 하위 분류항목 등 세분전개가 불필요한 항목의 주기화 등으로 요약할 수 있다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.205-222
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• 2008

"Yumunsachin(儒門事親)" is a very important work that contains everything of Jangjahwa(張子和)'s medical thought. The book was made into present form after the process of change several times. These days the printed book is consist of 10 classes and 15 volumes that combine several books. Original "Yumunsachin(儒門事親)" was the name of volume 1, 2, 3, "Chibyeongbaekbang(治病百法)" volume4, 5, "Siphyeongsamnyo(十形三標)" volume 6, 7, 8, "Japgigumun(雜記九門)" volume 9, "Chwalyodo(撮要圖)" volume 10, "Chibyeongbaekbang(治病雜論)" volume 11, "Sambeop-yukmun(三法六門)" volume 12, "Samsoron(三消論)" volume 13, "Chibeoppillyo(治法心要)" volume 14, and "Sinhyomyeongbang(神效名方)" volume 15. "Yumunsachin(儒門事親)" is a collection of a few books so, the literary style isn't uniform. The unconformity show that "Yumunsachin(儒門事親)" was not written by one person. The problem who is the writer of each volume remains controversial. But most scholars recognize that volume 1, 2, 3, original "Yumunsachin(儒門事親)" and was written by Jangjahwa(張子和), embellished by Majigi(麻知幾). Also, it is recognized that "Samsoron(三消論)" was collected by Majigi(麻知幾) and inserted by posterity, and that Sangjungmyeong(常仲明) and Nangi(欒企) who were Jang[張子和]'s disciples participated in compilation of "Yumunsachin(儒門事親)". Therefore, it is sure that the contents of the book express Jangjahwa(張子和)'s medical thought.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency with which nursing interventions according to domains and classes, and core nursing interventions of the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) were performed by nurses on orthopedic surgery nursing units. Method: For this purpose, the third edition of NIC was used. Of the 486 nursing interventions, 424 were selected at 75% consent by experts. Data were collected from June, 2003 to July, 2003 5 hospitals and 69 nurses(return rate : 95.8%) in Gwang-ju and Chonnam region. 5 point Likert scale describing frequency was used. Results: The most frequently performed domain was 'physiological : basic'($2.97{\pm}.60$), followed by 'health system'($2.65{\pm}.65$) and 'physiological : complex'($2.55{\pm}.46$). The most frequently performed class was 'activity and exercise management'($3.82{\pm}.89$), followed by 'immobility management'($3.64{\pm}.62$), 'skin/wound management'($3.41 {\pm}.60$), 'physical comfort promotion'($3.23{\pm}.68$) and 'thermoregulation'($3.01{\pm}.91$). The most frequently performed nursing intervention was 'medication administration' ($4.96{\pm}.21$), followed by 'medication administration : intravenous'($4.93{\pm}.31$), 'analgesic administration'($4.91{\pm}.51$), 'pain management'($4.87{\pm}.34$) and 'medication administration : intramuscular'($4.78{\pm}.68$). Conclusion: In conclusion, the third edition of NIC was found to be a general and comprehensive classification system for application on orthopedic surgery nursing units. These findings will help in building of a standardized language for orthopedic surgery nursing units and enhance the quality of nursing care.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2005

버스와 같은 대중교통의 경우에는 서비스수준을 평가하는 효과철도에 확률의 개념이 사용되어, 확률값의 선형비례적인 수치를 기준으로 A~F의 서비스수준의 등급을 구분하기도 한다.(TCQSM: Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual-2nd Edition, TRB, Washington DC., 2003) 이 경우 운전자나 승객이 느끼는 정도와 확률값이 선형비례 관계에 있지 않을 수 있는데 이는 서비스수준을 적절하게 반영한다고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 TCQSM에서 제시하고 있는 버스 운행의 정시성 평가 사례를 통해 확률값의 선형비례적인 수치를 기준으로 서비스수준의 등급을 구분할 때 발생하는 문제점을 분석하고, 이러한 문제점을 보완하는 적절한 서비스수준 기준을 산정하는 방법론을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 차두간격 분산계수 분포의 확률밀도를 기준으로 서비스수준의 기준을 산정하는 방법은 승객의 평균 대기시간을 적절하게 반영하고, 실제 버스 운행 자료를 사용하여 적용한 결과, TCQSM에서 제시한 방법보다 더 적절하게 버스의 운행 신뢰성을 평가하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 효용함수를 이용하여 서비스수준의 기준을 산정하는 방법은 이용자가 느끼는 서비스수준과 효용차이의 관계에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 본 연구의 한계로 남는다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제23권
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• pp.215-242
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• 2011

Yingchuang yicao(${\ll}$螢窗異草${\gg}$) is a collection of short stories in Classical Chinese, whose style was much affected by Liaozhai zhiyi(${\ll}$聊齋志異${\gg}$). It consists of 3 chapters, 12 juan, and 138 stories. This work was written by a scholar with the pen name of Hao gezi(浩歌子) in the reign period of Qianlong in the Qing dynasty, and has drawn relatively little attention among the scholars thus far; it was not until 1980's that scholars figured out that the author Hao gezi was Yin Qinglan, the sixth son of the renowned Qing scholar Yin Jishan. Yingchaung yicao had circulated as a manuscript for more than one hundred years until it was printed by Shenbao guan(申報館) in Shanghai in the reign period of Guangxu 2-3 (1876-1877). This edition is currently collected at The Kyujanggan(奎章閣) Institute of National Seoul University. At present, no known study of its introduction to and circulation in premodern Korea is available. However, given that the late $Chos{\ddot{o}}n$ period saw high interest in Chinese narratives, it is speculated that this work was imported to Korea soon after its first publication in China. Later, two publishing houses in Shanghai also published illustrated editions of the work. Given that the Shenbao guan version is the first printed edition of Yingchuang yicao, the copy collected at Kyujanggak Institute should be regarded highly for its academic values.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제62권7호
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• pp.252-256
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• 2019

The Committee on Infectious Diseases of the Korean Pediatric Society recommended immunization schedule for children and adolescents aged 18 years or younger in the 9th (2018) edition of Immunization guideline. This report provides the revised recommendations made by the committee and summarizes several changes from the 2015 guideline. National immunization program (NIP) launched a human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization for girls aged 12 years in 2016. NIP has also expanded age indication for inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) to 12 years of age in the 2018-2019 season. Quadrivalent IIVs with a full dose (0.5 mL) are approved for all children of 6 months or older. Recommendations of live attenuated influenza vaccine were removed. For inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine, first 2 doses are considered as the primary series. Recommendations for use of newly introduced vaccines (diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis/inactivated poliovirus/Haemophilus influenzae type b, 9-valent HPV, new varicella vaccine, new quadrivalent IIV, and attenuated oral typhoid vaccine) were added. Lastly, monitoring system for adverse events following immunization was updated. Other changes can be found in the 9th edition of Immunization guideline in detail.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2019

본 연구는 최근 이슈가 되고 있는 일간신문의 섹션(특집)광고의 특성을 분석하는데 있다. 2015년부터 2017년까지 신문윤리위원회의 심의 결정집에서 조치를 받은 총 1,927개의 광고를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째로 유형별 특징은 대부분의 섹션(광고)는 경고보다는 주의 조치를 많이 받았다. 두 번째는 주요 일간신문의 섹션(특집)광고의 양이 점차 증가하고 있고, 주요 경제지에도 섹션광고가 많이 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 세번째로 신문윤리강령의 실천 요강 중 언론으로써의 책임과 보도준칙에 위반사항이 많았다. 마지막으로 특정기업, 제품의 경우 영리와 홍보를 위해 게재의 원칙을 지키지 않는 경우는 신문의 신뢰성과 공정성이 훼손될 우려가 있기 때문에 이를 지키기 위한 스스로의 노력이 필요할 것이며, 보다 자율적 차원의 가이드라인이 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: Before generating transgenic plant using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, the efficiency test of sgRNAs is recommended to reduce the time and effort for plant transformation and regeneration process. The efficiency of the sgRNA can be measured through the transient expression of sgRNA and Cas9 gene in tomato cotyledon; however, we found that the calculated efficiency showed a large variation. It is necessary to increase the precision of the experiment to obtain reliable sgRNA efficiency data from transient expression. METHODS AND RESULTS: The cotyledon of 11^th, 15^th, 19^th, and 23^rd-day-old tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom) were used for expressing CRISPR-Cas9 transiently. The agrobacterium harboring sgRNA for targeting ALS2 gene of tomato was injected through the stomata of leaf adaxial side and the genomic DNA was extracted in 5 days after injection. The target gene edition was identified by amplifying DNA fragment of target region and analyzing with Illumina sequencing method. The target gene editing efficiency was calculated by counting base deletion and insertion events from total target sequence read. CONCLUSION: The CRISPR-Cas9 editing efficiency varied with tomato cotyledon age. The highest efficiency was observed at the 19-day-old cotyledons. Both the median and mean were the highest at this stage and the sample variability was also minimized. We found that the transgene of CRISPR-Cas9 system was strongly correlated with plant leaf development and suggested the optimum cotyledon leaf age for Agrobacterium-mediated transfection in tomato.

• 기록학연구
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• 제71호
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• pp.91-130
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• 2022

본 연구는 최근에 등재된 국채보상운동기록물 2,475건을 대상으로 생산배경과 그 출처를 분석하여 분류 체계에 대한 새로운 방식을 제기하고, ISAD(G) 2ND EDITION, ISSAR, NAK를 참조하여 매뉴스크립트 컬렉션형 기록물 기술 규칙을 만들어 제안하였다. 이를 통해 최근 다수 기록물이 세계기록유산으로 등재되고, 등재된 이후에도 기록물이 추가되는 추세에 따라, 기록학적 관점에서 세계기록유산에 대한 기술 규칙을 만들어 관리해야 할 필요성을 제기하였다. 국채보상운동기록물은 인위적 수집 컬렉션이다. 매뉴스크립트 컬렉션은 쉘렌버그의 출처주의에 입각하여 기록의 작성 주체를 중심으로 분류하는 것이 가장 체계적이라고 할 수 있다. 이를 기본으로 하여 활동별, 시간별, 자료의 종류별, 매체별, 주제별 등으로 다양하게 분류하여 제시한다면 세계기록유산 기록물을 더욱 효율적으로 검색하고 이해할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2013

Objectives : As Daily Dose of Zizyphi Fructus was designated by the numbers in Treatise on Cold Damage Disease, estimation of Daily Dose was all different among researchers. The purpose of this study was to estimate exact Daily Dose of Zizyphi Fructus. Methods : We fixed the errors in various copy of Treatise on Cold Damage Disease and considered the meaning of the Bee Zizyphi Fructus(肥大棗) and general rules of Daily Dose in Treatise on Cold Damage Disease. So we reduced Daily Dose of Zizyphi Fructus, and compared this with the standard of Zizyphy Fructus in Pharmacopoeia of several Nation and Korean Forest Service. Results : Daily Dose of Zizyphi Fructus was generally 12 pieces; less was for prescriptions which scaled down the amount of ingredients prescribed in the originals; 15, 25, and 30 pieces were used when more was required. The medicinal part was the pulp of fructus, and the dosage of 12 pieces was respectively equivalent to 3 Ryang(兩), and 19.5 g. As defined in the Korean Pharmacopoeia Ninth Edition and standards of forest products by Korea Forest Service, Zizyphi Fructus was medium-sized, and weighs about 1.625 g if properly dehydrated. Conclusions : In short, the proper Daily Dose of Zizyphi Fructus in Treatise on Cold damage Disease was 12 pieces of Zizyphi Fructus and 19.5 g of its pulp, weighing three Ryang(兩). The pulp was estimated to be 1.625 g; it was medium-sized according to the present standard.