• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.460-467
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• 2002

This paper deals with the distribution characteristics of the current density and axial magnetic flux density on the vacuum interrupter with axial magnetic field type using 3 dimension finite element analysis. An axial magnetic field parallel to the current flow in the arc column can improve the current breaking capacity of vacuum interrupter by affecting the arc mode. The axial magnetic flux density on the contact electrode surface is analyzed by inputting external current as a function of the transient time for sine half wave. And it also is analyzed within the gap distance of the contact electrode. The peak value of current but is decreased with the descending current on the contact electrode surface and within the gap distance of the contact electrode. The residual magnetic field is generated on the contact electrode surface and within the gap distance in the instant of zero current, which is due to the influence of eddy currents. The phase shift due to eddy currents, defined as time difference between the maximum value of current and axial magnetic field, is about 1ms in the center point of gap distance.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.481-491
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• 2021

Graphene Nanosheets play an important role in nanosensors due to their proper surface to volume ratio. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to consider the nonlinear vibration behavior of graphene nanosheets (GSs) under the influence of electromagnetic fields and electrical current create forces. Considering more realistic assumptions, new equations have been proposed to study the nonlinear vibration behavior of the GSs carrying electrical current and placed in magnetic field. For this purpose, considering the influences of the magnetic tractions created by electrical and eddy currents, new relationships for electromagnetic interaction forces with these nanosheets have been proposed. Nonlinear coupled equations are discretized by Galerkin method, and then solved via Runge-Kutta method. The effect of different parameters such as size effect, electrical current magnitude and magnetic field intensity on the vibration characteristics of GSs is investigated. The results show that the magnetic field increases the linear natural frequency, and decreases the nonlinear natural frequency of the GSs. Excessive increase of the magnetic field causes instability in the GSs.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.252-263
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• 2019

In order to understand the tidal current and mean flow at the west channel of Yeoja Bay in the South Sea of Korea, numerical model experiments and vorticity analysis were carried out. The currents flow north at flood and south at ebb respectively and have the reversing form in the west channel. Topographical eddies are found in the surroundings of Dunbyong Island in the east of the channel. The flood currents flow from the waters near Naro Islands through the west channel and the coastal waters near Geumo Islands through the east channel. The ebb currents from the Yeoja Bay flow out along the west and the east channels separately. The south of Nang Island have weak flows because the island is located in the rear of main tidal stream. Currents are converged at ebb and diverged at flood in the northwest of Jeokgum Island. Tidal current ellipses show reversing form in the west channel but a kind of rotational form in the east channel. As the results of tide induced mean flows, cyclonic and anticyclonic topographical eddies at the northern tip but eddies with opposite spin at the southern tip are found in the west channel of Yeoja Bay. The topographical eddies around the islands and narrow channels are created from the vorticity formed at the land shore by the friction between tidal currents and the west channel.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2013

In this study the method based on flux linkage in cell was introduced in calculation of eddy currents by cell method. According to this method eddy current distribution and the loss can be evaluated and since the shielding effectiveness by flux cancelation of eddy current can be analyzed, this method is applicable to design of conductive shield. And also the formula of shielding factor were so deduced as to be applicable to finite-width infinite-length shielding sheets and infinite-length underground cable shield. These formula are adaptable to magnetic materials as well as conductive materials. As the results of calculation in model shields are follows. In case of finite-width infinite-length shielding sheet, shielding effectiveness increases with increasing of conductivity. In case of infinite-length underground cable shield, the effectiveness become higher with increasing of permeability. Especially the effectiveness is very high in materials with both high conductivity and permeability in underground cable shield.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.833-840
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 OpenFOAM에서 제공하는 소스 코드를 이용하여 폭-수심비가 2인 직사각형 개수로 흐름에 대해 수치모의를 수행하였다. 여과된 연속 방정식과 운동량 방정식을 해석하기 위하여 큰 와 수치모의를 이용하였고, 비등방성 잔여 응력항을 산정하기 위하여 Smagorinsky 모형(1963)을 사용하였다. LES 모형을 Tominaga et al. (1989)의 폭-수심비가 2인 실험수로에 적용하고 평균흐름 및 난류량을 비교하였다. 추가로 Nezu and Rodi (1985)의 실험 결과와 Shi et al. (1999)의 LES 모의 결과와 함께 비교를 수행하였다. 비교 결과 평균흐름 및 난류량 모두 기존 실험 및 모의 결과를 잘 재현하는 것으로 확인되었다. 특히 이차흐름 분포도에서 측벽과 자유수면의 접합부에서 발생하는 내부이차흐름이 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 수심방향 난류강도의 경우 측벽과 바닥벽에서 난류강도의 등치선도가 측벽과 바닥벽의 접합부 방향으로 편향되는 현상을 확인하였다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제34권22호
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• pp.9093-9113
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• 2021

This study examines the role of the relative wind (RW) effect (wind relative to ocean current) in the regional ocean circulation and extratropical storm track in the south Indian Ocean. Comparison of two high-resolution regional coupled model simulations with and without the RW effect reveals that the most conspicuous ocean circulation response is the significant weakening of the overly energetic anticyclonic standing eddy off Port Elizabeth, South Africa, a biased feature ascribed to upstream retroflection of the Agulhas Current (AC). This opens a pathway through which the AC transports the warm and salty water mass from the subtropics, yielding marked increases in sea surface temperature (SST), upward turbulent heat flux (THF), and meridional SST gradient in the Agulhas retroflection region. These thermodynamic and dynamic changes are accompanied by the robust strengthening of the local low-tropospheric baroclinicity and the baroclinic wave activity in the atmosphere. Examination of the composite life cycle of synoptic-scale storms subjected to the high-THF events indicates a robust strengthening of the extratropical storms far downstream. Energetics calculations for the atmosphere suggest that the baroclinic energy conversion from the basic flow is the chief source of increased eddy available potential energy, which is subsequently converted to eddy kinetic energy, providing for the growth of transient baroclinic waves. Overall, the results suggest that the mechanical and thermal air-sea interactions are inherently and inextricably linked together to substantially influence the extratropical storm tracks in the south Indian Ocean.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.171-210
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• 2024

This paper focuses on the rigorous and holistic fatigue analysis of mooring chains for a deep draft semi-submersible platform in the challenging environment of the central Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Known for severe hurricanes and strong loop/eddy currents, this region significantly impacts offshore structures and their mooring systems, necessitating robust designs capable of withstanding extreme wind, wave and current conditions. Wave scatter and current bin diagrams are utilized to assess the probabilistic distribution of waves and currents, crucial for calculating mooring chain fatigue. The study evaluates the effects of Vortex Induced Motion (VIM), Out-of-Plane-Bending (OPB), and In-Plane-Bending (IPB) on mooring fatigue, alongside extreme single events such as 100-year hurricanes and loop/eddy currents including ramp-up and ramp-down phases, to ensure resilient mooring design. A detailed case study of a deep draft semi-submersible platform with 16 semi-taut moorings in 2,500 meters of water depth in the central GoM provides insights into the relative contributions of wave scatter diagram, VIMs from current bin diagram, the combined stresses of OPB/IPB/TT and extreme single events. By comparing these factors, the study aims to enhance understanding and optimize mooring system design for safety, reliability, and cost-effectiveness in offshore operations within the central GoM. The paper addresses a research gap by proposing a holistic approach that integrates findings from various contributions to advance current practices in mooring design. It presents a comprehensive framework for fatigue analysis and design optimization of mooring systems in the central GoM, emphasizing the critical importance of considering environmental conditions, OPB/IPB moments, and extreme single events to ensure the safety and reliability of mooring systems for offshore platforms.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.119-131
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• 1994

모드분리기법의 gird-box형 3차원 수치모형을 이용하여 등밀도 등수심 유한영역에 서의 연직과점성 개수에 따른 취송유와 조류의 수평 유속 연직구조를 분석하였다. 연) 직과점성 계수가 수심에 일정할 경우 선영적으로 감소또는 증가하는 경우 이차함수 및 지수함수적으로 변하는 경우에 대한 해석해와의 비교를 통하여 모형 검증 및 연직유속 구조 분석이 실시되었다. 아울러 취송유에 경우 유속의 연직구조에 대한 해수표면 근 처에 "wall layer" 영향을 수치적으로 검토하였다. 모든 수직계산에서 연직층수는 열 세개로 가변 객자가 사용되었다. 수치모형은 유속의 연직구조를 만족스럽게 재연하게 으나 연직과점성 개수가 수심에 대하여 2차함수 및 지수적으로 감소하는 경우 해저면 부근에서 유속의 연직변화가 크게 나타나면서 해석해와 수치모형 결과간에 약간에 차 이가 나타났다. 수평 유속의 연직구조는 연직과점성 계수의 절대값 및 함수형태에 따 라 달라지며 해저면과 해수표면 부근의 유속은 wall layer 내의 연직과점성 계수에 민 감하게 반응하였다. 취송유에 경우에 해수표면에서의 연직 과점성 계수가 작을수록 강 한 shear가 표층에 형성되었으며 조류에 경우 연직 과점성 계수의 분포와 상관없이 해 저 한계층 상부의 유속은 거의 일정하게 나타나고 해조표내의 유속은 연직과점성 계수 가 줄어들수록 강한 shear 보였다.shear 보였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.2337-2346
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• 1996

One of the most useful method for increasing combustion loading of premixed flame is to strengthen the turbulent intensity of unburned mixture. It produces an important information to a design of efficient combustion equipment that analysing microstructure of strong turbulence premixed flame. The flame structure and characteristics are depend on the turbulence of unburned mixture. Therefore, to strengthen the turbulent intensity of unburned mixture make flame scale small and accomplish efficient combustion. We measured the velocity of local flame front movements, local eddy radius and local reaction zone thickness quantitatively with increasing turbulent intensity of unburned mixture. We researched the microstructure of flame using ion currents that react sensitively in the reaction zone. Consequently, the velocity of local flame front movements is depend on the velocity of unburned mixture and local eddy scale is to be small with increasing turbulent intensity. But there is no change in local reaction zone thickness with turbulence.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.139-170
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• 2013

We extend a p-hierarchical decomposition of the second degree finite element space of N$\acute{e}$d$\acute{e}$lec for tetrahedral meshes in three dimensions given in [1] to meshes with hexahedral elements, and derive p-hierarchical decompositions of the second degree finite element space of Raviart-Thomas in two dimensions for triangular and quadrilateral meshes. After having proved stability of these subspace decompositions and requiring certain saturation assumptions to hold, we construct a local a posteriori error estimator for fem and bem coupling of a time-harmonic electromagnetic eddy current problem in $\mathbb{R}^3$. We perform some numerical tests to underline reliability and efficiency of the estimator and test its usefulness in an adaptive refinement scheme.