• 한국습지학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2009

광주광역시 도심 영산강 수계의 관속식물은 91과 265속 386종 49변종 및 2품종으로 총 437분류군이 확인되었다. 수생식물 중 정수식물은 16분류군, 부엽식물은 10분류군, 침수식물은 10분류군, 부유식물은 3분류군 그리고 습생식물은 14분류군으로 총 53분류군이었다. 희귀 및 멸종위기종은 자라풀, 가시연꽃, 낙지다리, 왕벚나무, 좀어리연꽃 등 5분류군이었다. 특정식물종 I급종은 10분류군, II급종 2분류군, III급종 2분류군, IV급종 3분류군 그리고 V급종 5분류군이 확인되었다. 귀화식물은 15과 44속 59종 3변종으로 총 62분류군이 확인되었고 귀화율은 14.19%였다. 환경부 생태계 교란종은 돼지풀, 물참새피 및 도깨비가지 등이었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.13-30
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in vegetation and flora after five years through field surveys data with the Han Gang Watershed Management Committee (2013) data in order to observe natural vegetation changes in the riparian zone of Han River watershed. As a result, the flora of the riparian zone in 2012 were listed total 231 taxa, 66 families, 158 genus, 207 species, 23 varieties, and 1 forms, and in 2017, a total 247 taxa, 74 families, 174 genus, 218 species, 27 varieties, and 2 forms were identified. The number of rare plants decreased from 4 taxa in 2012 to 2 taxa in total in 2017, and the number of endemic plants increased from 1 taxa to 3 taxa. The number of specific plants by floral region decreased from 21 taxa (9.1% of all 231 taxa of flora) in 2012 to 16 taxa (6.5% of all 247 taxa of flora) in 2017. The total number of naturalized plants is analyzed to increase from 35 taxa, a naturalization rate of 15.15% (all 231 taxa of flora) and urbanization index of 11.2% (all 312 taxa of naturalized plants) in 2012 to 44 taxa a naturalization rate of 17.8% (all 231 taxa of flora) and urbanization index of 14.1%(all 312 taxa of naturalized plants) in 2017. The ecosystem disturbance species showed an increase in both number of species and cover degree grades, indicating that the riparian zone changed in a negative direction.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.182-190
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• 2017

Background: Baekdudaegan was designated in 2005 as a protected area to prevent destruction and conserve. However, there are many disturbed and destroyed areas. The total disturbed area amounts to $25.9km^2$ (0.94%), including $13.4km^2$ (0.49%) in the core area and $12.5km^2$ (0.45%) in the buffer area. This study aims to classify the vegetation types established in the disturbed areas and diagnose the current conditions for ecological restoration in the forest ecosystem. Methods: We surveyed the vegetation in the disturbed areas of Daegwallyeong and Chupungryeong and the surrounding natural areas. The survey conducted from July to September 2015 targeted a total of 54 quadrats by Braun-Blanquet method (Daegwallyeong, 22; Chupungryeong, 32). We also investigated the height and coverage of each layer. We classified the vegetation types based on the field data and analyzed the ratio of life form and the exotic plants, species richness, and vegetation index (Hcl). The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated from rapideye satellite imagery in 2014 and 2015. Results: Vegetation types were classified into 11 groups according to the criteria that included successional sere or plantation at first, followed by developmental stage and origins. As a result of the analysis of the survey data, species richness, vegetation index (Hcl), ratio of tree plants, and the NDVI tended to increase, while the ratio of the exotic plants tended to decrease with the time since disturbance. These indicators had the classified values according to the vegetation types with time since the disturbance. Conclusions: These indicators can be effectively used to diagnose the conditions of the present vegetation in the disturbed area of the Baekdudaegan area. In addition, the NDVI might be effective for the diagnosis of the disturbed status instead of the human efforts based on the higher spatial resolution of satellite imagery. Appropriate diagnosis of the disturbed forests in the Baekdudaegan area considering the established vegetation types is essential for the elaboration of restoration plans. In addition, restoration target and level should be different according to the disturbed status of restoration site.

• 생태와환경
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.319-331
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• 2013

Recent climate change, which is mostly ascribed to anthropogenic activities, is believed to be a major factor leading to biodiversity decreases and ecosystem service deteriorations. I have reviewed recent studies on climate change effects for many ecological processes involved with plants, in order to improve our understanding of the nature of ecological complexity. Plants in general have better growth and productivity under high levels of $CO_2$, although the long term effects of such $CO_2$ fertilizers are still controversial. Over the last 30 years, the Earth has been greening, particularly at higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, perhaps due to a relaxation of climatic constraints. Human appropriation of net primary productivity (NPP), which corresponds up to 1/3 of global NPP, is ultimately responsible for climate change and biodiversity decreases. Climate change causes phenological variations in plants, especially in regards to spring flowering and fall leaf coloring. Many plants migrate polewards and towards higher altitudes to seek more appropriate climates. On the other hand, tree mortality and population declines have recently been reported in many continents. Landscape disturbance not only hinders the plant migration, but also makes it difficult to predict the plants' potential habitats. Plant and animal population declines, as well as local extinctions, are largely due to the disruption of species interactions through temporal mismatching. Temperature and $CO_2$ increase rates in Korea are higher than global means. The degree of landscape disturbances is also relatively high. Furthermore, long-term data on individual species responses and species interactions are lacking or quite limited in Korea. This review emphasizes the complex nature of species responses to climate change at both global and local scales. In order to keep pace with the direction and speed of climate change, it is urgently necessary to observe and analyze the patterns of phenology, migration, and trophic interactions of plants and animals in Korea's landscape.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.327-349
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• 2010

운문산 자연휴식년제구역 일원의 식물상과 용도를 파악하고자 2007년 11월부터 2009년 10월까지 월 평균 2회이상 조사하였다. 조사결과 운문산 일원에 분포하는 관속식물은 98과 304속 514종 3아종 68변종 20품종으로 총 605분류군이었다. 이중 희귀 및 멸종위기야생식물은 21분류군, 특산식물은 29분류군, 식물구계학적 특정식물종은 노랑무늬붓꽃과 천마 등 70분류군으로 나타났다. 귀화식물은 23분류군으로 나타났다. 용도별 구성은 식용 225분류군(37.2%), 약용 191분류군(31.6%), 관상용 64분류군(10.6%), 목초용 46분류군(7.6%), 목재용 18분류군(3.0%), 섬유용 14분류군(2.3%), 공업용 3분류군(0.5%)로 나타났다. 자연자원관리를 위하여 자연체험학습장으로 설정하여 불필요한 간섭을 최소화하고, 생태계의 변화에 대한 지속적인 모니터링을 통하여 효율적인 관리대책을 마련하는 방안이 요구된다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.231-245
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• 2005

본 조사 지역인 전주천일대의 관속식물상을 조사한 결과, 66과 184속 236종 28변종 3품종 총 267종류가 확인되었다 이중 환경부의 자연환경보전법에 의한 생태계교란야생식물에는 물참새피, 도깨비가지, 돼지풀 등 3종류가 확인되었다. 또한 한국특산식물에는 털중나리, 왕벚나무, 개나리, 오동나무 등 4종류가 확인되었으며, 귀화식물에는 18과 49속 66종 2변종 총 68종류가 확인되었다. 귀화율은 $25.5\%$으로 전체 관속식물상의 1/4이상을 차지하였으며, 도시화지수는 $25.1\%$가 분석되었다.

• 환경생물
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2022

본 연구는 경북 울진군에 위치한 진조산 지역에 분포하는 관속식물을 조사하여 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 조사는 2019년 3월부터 2020년 4월까지 총 9회에 걸쳐 수행하였으며, 그 결과 진조산에 분포하는 것으로 확인된 관속식물은 87과 274속 365종 12아종 32변종 5품종으로 총 414분류군이었다. 조사된 414분류군 중 한국특산식물은 9분류군이었으며, 희귀식물은 5분류군이었다. 또한 식물구계학적 특정식물은 총 66분류군으로, 등급별로는 IV등급 1분류군, III 등급 18분류군, II 등급 24분류군 그리고 I등급 23분류군이었다. 또한 기후변화 적응 대상식물은 8분류군이었으며, 외래식물은 31분류군, 생태계교란 야생식물은 3분류군으로 조사되었고, 귀화율과 도시화지수는 각각 7.5%, 5.0%로 나타났다. 본 연구는 관속식물의 분포에 관한 기초자료로서 진조산의 식물다양성 및 분포변화 등의 자원 보존을 위한 중요한 정보로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.341-368
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• 2023

백석산(1,365m) 식물자원의 분포를 밝히기 위해 2021년 4월부터 2022년 9월까지 총 17회에 걸쳐 조사하였다. 그 결과, 백석산의 관속식물은 99과 346속 552종 20아종 49변종 6품종 1잡종으로 총 628분류군이 확인되었다. 이 중 특산식물은 21분류군, 환경부 지정 적색목록 식물은 총 12분류군, 산림청 지정 적색목록 식물은 560분류군이 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 총 164분류군이 조사되었으며, 등급별로는 V등급1분류군, IV등급20분류군, III등급52분류군, II등급53분류군, 그리고 I등급38분류군이었다. 또한, 기후변화 적응 대상식물은 34분류군이 확인되었다. 외래식물은 생태계교란 야생식물 3분류군을 포함하여 총 42분류군이 조사되었다. 식물의 유용도는 식용 246분류군(39.2%), 목초용 215분류군(34.2%), 약용 187분류군(29.8%), 관상용 75분류군(11.9%), 목재용 22분류군(3.5%) 등의 순이었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.277-286
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• 2021

Background: As trade increases, the influx of various alien species and their spread to new regions are prevalent and no longer a special problem. Anthropogenic activities and climate changes have made the distribution of alien species out of their native range common. As a result, alien species can be easily found anywhere, and they have nothing but only a few differences in intensity. The prevalent distribution of alien species adversely affects the ecosystem, and a strategic management plan must be established to control them effectively. To this end, hot spots and cold spots were analyzed according to the degree of distribution of invasive alien plants, and major environmental factors related to hot spots were found. We analyzed the 10,287 distribution points of 126 species of alien plants collected through the national survey of alien species by the hierarchical model of species communities (HMSC) framework. Results: The explanatory and fourfold cross-validation predictive power of the model were 0.91 and 0.75 as AUC values, respectively. The hot spots of invasive plants were found in the Seoul metropolitan area, Daegu metropolitan city, Chungcheongbuk-do Province, southwest shore, and Jeju island. Generally, the hot spots were found where the higher maximum temperature of summer, precipitation of winter, and road density are observed, but temperature seasonality, annual temperature range, precipitation of the summer, and distance to river and sea were negatively related to the hot spots. According to the model, the functional traits accounted for 55% of the variance explained by the environmental factors. The species with higher specific leaf areas were more found where temperature seasonality was low. Taller species preferred the bigger annual temperature range. The heavier seed mass was only preferred when the max temperature of summer exceeded 29 ℃. Conclusions: In this study, hot spots were places where 2.1 times more alien plants were distributed on average than non-hot spots (33.5 vs 15.7 species). The hot spots of invasive plants were expected to appear in less stressful climate conditions, such as low fluctuation of temperature and precipitation. Also, the disturbance by anthropogenic factors or water flow had positive influences on the hot spots. These results were consistent with the previous reports about the ruderal or competitive strategies of invasive plants instead of the stress-tolerant strategy. The functional traits are closely related to the ecological strategies of plants by shaping the response of species to various environmental filters, and our result confirmed this. Therefore, in order to effectively control alien plants, it is judged that the occurrence of disturbed sites in which alien plants can grow in large quantities is minimized, and the river management of waterfronts is required.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.280-304
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• 2013

본 연구는 길상산의 관속식물상을 밝히고 주요 식물을 조사하였다. 2012년 3월부터 11월까지 총 14회에 걸쳐 수행되었다. 그 결과 관속식물은 122과 359속 529종 7아종 51변종 2품종 3교잡종으로 총 595분류군이 확인되었다. 길상산은 식물구계학상 온대중부지역에 속하고 낙엽활엽수와 침엽수의 혼합림으로 산지의 대부분은 소나무-참나무류림이 우점하며 2차림으로 구성된다. 종 다양성이 높은 과는 국화과(11.0%), 화본과(10.7%), 사초과(6.38%), 콩과(3.86%), 장미과(3.52%)였다. 한국 고유종은 각시족도리풀, 외대으아리, 고광나무, 개나리, 늦둥굴레 등 12분류군이 확인되었다. IUCN 평가기준에 따른 적색목록의 관속식물은 위기종(EN)인 구상나무, 준위협종(NT)은 산닥나무, 흑삼릉, 관심대상종(LC)에 측백나무, 개쓴풀, 금붓꽃, 미평가종(NE)으로 늦둥굴레가 조사되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물종은 V등급, VI등급이 각각 2분류군, III등급 9분류군, II등급 3분류군, I등급 29분류군 등 45분류군이 발견되었다. 귀화식물은 64분류군으로 확인되었으며, 귀화율은 10.7%로 나타났다. 생태계교란 야생식물에는 애기수영, 가시박, 도깨비가지, 돼지풀, 단풍돼지풀, 미국쑥부쟁이, 서양금혼초, 가시상추 등 8분류군이었다. 또한 생활형조성은 일년생식물(26.5%), 반지중식물(26.0%), 지중식물(14.0%) 등이 높게 나타났다.