• 신재생에너지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.42-50
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• 2005

This paper deals with the economic feasibility model and analysis of a hydrogen fuel-cell vehicle [FCV] against two similar types of non-business vehicles fueled with gasoline [GV] and diesel [DV] considering greenhouse gas [GHG]. Considering the price of vehicles and annual operating cost, we build a classical economic feasibility model. Since the economic feasibility could be affected by many input factors such as the prices of vehicles, the price of fuels, annual driving distance and so on, we estimate the average future values of input factors, which is defined as "the average case". Based on the average case, we assess the representative economic feasibility of a FCV with/without GHG, and by changing various annual driving distances, we assess its economy in terms of net-present value, internal rate of return, and payback period. In addition, we make some sensitivity analysis of its economic feasibility by changing the values of the critical input factors one at time. Based on the average case, it turns out that the consumer of a FCV could save 25,000 won/year for a GV, but the consumer could pay 120,000 won/year more for a DV. This indicates that gasoline vehicles could be replaced gradually by FCVs in Korean market which might be formed by those consumers driving annually more than approximately 14,800 km. As the results of our sensitivity analysis, it turns out that a FCV is no more economical if the difference of the prices between FCV and GV is more than 10,130,000 won or the price of hydrogen fuel could be more than 5,136 won/kg.

• 무역학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.23-45
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• 2023

본 연구는 제도적 거리와 해외직접투자의 관계를 규명하기 위한 것으로 중국의 해외투자를 대상으로 수행한다. 중국과 투자 유치국 간의 제도적 거리는 세계은행에서 발표한 제도적 품질을 이용한다. 2008년부터 2019년까지 중국이 투자한 50개국의 패널 데이터를 수집하여 패널 GLS 방법론을 통해 해외직접투자에 영향을 미치는 요인을 제도적 관점에서 다음의 3가지를 검증한다. 첫째, 중국의 해외직접투자 전체 국가들을 대상으로 제도적 거리의 절대값이 중국의 OFDI에 미치는 영향이다. 두 번째는 중국과의 제도적 거리가 양(+)인 국가와 음(-)인 국가의 두 그룹으로 나눈 후 각 그룹에서의 제도적 거리와 OFDI의 관계이다. 마지막으로 제도적 거리와 중국의 OFDI 사이의 비선형 관계이다. 이를 위해 제도적 거리의 제곱항을 분석 모형에 추가한다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 제도적 거리는 중국의 OFDI와 정(+)의 관계가 확인된다. 중국보다 상대적으로 제도 품질이 높은 진출국 그룹에서는 제도적 거리와 OFDI는 역 U자형 관계가 나타나지만, 낮은 진출국 그룹에서는 정(+)의 관계가 나타난다. 또한, 중국의 OFDI는 제도적 요인과 경제적 요인의 복합적인 영향을 받는 것으로 확인된다. 본 연구의 결과는 FDI 유치국뿐만 아니라 다국적 기업의 FDI 진출국 선택에 있어서 시사점을 제공할 것이다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2018

The Pohang earthquake with a magnitude of 5.4 occurred on November 15, 2018. The epicenter of this earthquake located in south-east region of the Korean peninsula. Since instrumental recording for earthquake ground motions started in Korea, this earthquake caused the largest economic and life losses among past earthquakes. Korea is located in low-to moderate seismic region, so that strong motion records are very limited. Therefore, ground motions recorded during the Pohang earthquake could have valuable geological and seismological information, which are important inputs for seismic design. In this study, ground motions associated by the 2018 Pohang earthquake are generated using the point source model considering domestic geological parameters (magnitude, hypocentral distance, distance-frequency dependent decay parameter, stress drop) and site amplification calculated from ground motion data at each stations. A contour map for peak ground acceleration is constructed for ground motions generated by the Pohang earthquake using the proposed model.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2015년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.179-180
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• 2015

The variety of organic and inorganic pollutants are introduced to coastal sediment and making highly contaminated due to rapid development of industralization and economic development. Numerous contaminants are release into marine sediment and it significantly affect marine aquatic environment. In the present study stated the optimize the biostimulant ball (BSB) in coastal sedimentand stabilse the heavy metals present in the sediment. The effective variables like BSB size, distance and month variables on Cu stabilization was determined by using Response surface methodology(RSM). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and coefficient determination (R2) of Cu reduction 0.9610 and maximum stabilisation was obtained in 3cm ball size and 5.5cm distance and 4 month interval time. This result revealed that the BSB in effective for Cu reduction in coastal sediment.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.1109-1113
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• 2010

Recently, important for the safety has been increasing together economic developments. The leakage only is measured by the voltage difference. This method is a way to contact the electric leakage area. It can cause electric shock at users. We propose a non-contact method to detect a short circuit in this paper. We investigate magnetic field at electric leakage area to present non-contact method. Simulated environment created a short circuit in the flooded areas. Voltage is supplied 50, 150 and 200[V]. Magnetic field was measured at 0, 5 and 10[cm]. Magnetic flux was reduced about $0.4[{\mu}T/cm]$ depending on the distance changes in the steady region. But we confirmed that magnetic flux is measured the same value depending on the distance changes in the electric leakage area.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.28-40
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• 1986

Accurate subway demand estimation which is essential for better route selection can be achieved by the exact definition of the influence sphere of subway station. The influence was derived implicitly from the analysis of access time to the station for the cases of Seoul. Access time distribution was investigated by trip purposes, by age, by income, by sex, by travel distance, by kinds of thickets, by the location of station for the analysis of relationship between access time and socio-economic characteristics or urban structure. The difference of average access time between direct access trip and transfer trip which is found 8.6 minutes and 6.1 minutes respectively also investigated. The small difference implies poor transfer system of Seoul subway. 83.1% of subway users are coming from the distance of 10minutes' walk and average access time is 7.8minutes as a whole.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2018

Recently, Intense competition is expected to bring about continuous change with the rapid global aviation industry. In particular, domestic passenger demand has been steadily increasing over the past five years, with domestic and international shipments growing at a CAGR of 8.4% and 10.0%, respectively. In addition to the economic value of the airport, social interest due to greenhouse gas emissions is also rising. In this study, we analyzed the efficiency of airport operation by using DEA model(Directional Technology Distance Function) considering undesirable output for 14 airports in Korea. As a result of analysis, all airports except Gimhae, Yangyang, Cheongju and Yeosu were analyzed as efficient airports. However, only Gimpo, Gimhae, Jeju, Muan, Daegu and Gwangju were analyzed as efficient airports considering the undesirable output.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-38
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• 2015

This study explores the types of relationships between 410 adult children and their elderly parents based of exchange theory and the Konstanz model. In terms of the exchange of emotional, instrumental, and economic support based on exchange theory, the types of relationships identified included "support offers," "reciprocity," and "support benefits." In terms of conflict, intimacy, support offers, support benefits, and support obligations for adult children based on the Konstanz model, the type of relationships with the father included "an intimate exchange," "conflictual distance," "a conflictual sense of duty," and "a flexible exchange." The type of relationships with the mother included "an intimate exchange," "conflictual distance," "separate distance," and "a conflictual offer." There were no distinct characteristics of relationship types based on exchange theory. However, there were differences in characteristics of relation types based on the Konstanz model by gender. These results have important implications with respect to the Western model.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.6-13
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• 2018

석탄화력발전소 온배수열 활용하여 발전소 인근지역 시설농업에 난방열을 공급하는 사업의 배관투자비는 설치거리에 비례하여 증가하고 발전소와 떨어진 거리는 경제성 확보에 문제를 낳는다. 또한, 설치거리가 짧은 경우는 난방열 수요 확보가 어려워 경제성 확보의 문제가 있을 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기준 열배관로 신설길이 1 km에 대한 경제성 평가와 열배관로 신설길이 변동에 따른 민감도를 정부지원금 수준, 난방열 수요량 수준과 정부지원금 증가에 따른 경제성 확보가능 열배관로 신설거리 수준에서 분석하였다. 분석결과 기준 열배관로 신설길이에서는 NPV 131백만원, IRR 15.73%로 경제성을 확보 가능한 것으로 평가되었다. 다만, 민감도 분석결과 열배관로 신설길이가 2.6 km를 초과하는 경우 NPV가 음수로 나타나 경제성을 확보하지 못하는 것으로 분석되었다. 결과적으로 초기투자비의 50%를 정부가 지원하는 경우 5.3 km, 80%를 지원하는 경우 11.4 km 이내에서 경제성을 확보하는 것으로 분석되었다. 기준 열배관로 신설길이에서는 난방열 수요가 기준 열수요 대비 62% 수준 이하로 감소하는 경우 경제성이 없으며, 열배관로 신설길이가 2 km에서는 기준 열수요 대비 14%만 감소하여도 경제성을 확보하지 못하는 것으로 분석되었다. 초기투자비대비 정부지원금 비율이 증가하는 경우 열배관로 신설거리의 탄력성이 증가하여, 열수요 1단위에서 부담하는 시설투자비인 고정비가 감소한다. 이는 단위당 생산원가가 감소하는 효과로 나타나고 시설농업에 더 저렴한 수준으로 열을 공급할 수 있음을 의미한다. 정부지원금은 열배관로 신설거리가 증가하는 효과로 경제성이 확보될 수 있고, 열수요 개발가능 범위 증가에 따라 추가적인 경제성을 확보할 수 있다. 초기투자비 대비 정부지원금 비율이 증가할수록 생산단가 감소로 인한 시설농가의 에너지비용 또한 감소할 것으로 예측된다. 본 연구결과는 발전소 온배수열 활용사업에 대한 정부지원금의 효과성을 경제적 평가측면에서 분석한 점에서 의의를 가지며, 향후 시범적용 또는 Pilot 단계의 실제 적용사례를 기반으로 한 경제성 평가결과에 대한 필요성을 제기할 수 있는 근거가 된다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 1978

Nearly 300 bottom sediments and 20 box-cores were sampled from the Asan bay. The central portion of the Asan bay is covered by sand, slightly gravelly sand and gravelly muddy sand. Between the central and marginal zones gravelly mud and slightly gravelly sandy mud are characteristically distributed. The gravel population in the sediments seems to be originated from the rocky bottom on the area near the bay because the gravel is angular and composed of the schist and gneiss. The quartz/feldspar ratio is about 3/2. It is considered to be that the amount of feldspar in this bay is much higher than that of any other areas in the Yellow Sea. This is considerd to be comparatively short distance of transport ion of these sediment from the provenance.