• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6697-6704
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• 2015

Background: The burden of breast and cervical cancer is changing over time in developing countries. Regular screening is very important for early detection and treatment. In this study, we assessed inequalities in breast and cervical cancer screening rates in women according to household wealth status, and analyzed the potential predictors associated with a low cancer screening rate in Jordan. Materials and Methods: A nationwide populationbased cross-sectional survey collected information on different variables at the national level. All ever-married women (the phrase is used throughout the text to refer to women who had ever married) aged 15-49 years were included in the survey. Analysis of breast self-examination (BSE) and clinical breast examination (CBE) at least once in the previous year was carried out in 11,068 women, while lifetime Pap-smear testing was carried out in 8,333 women, aged 20-49 years. Results: Over 39% and 19% of ever-married Jordanian women reported having undergone a breast examination during the previous year and Pap smear examination at least once in their lifetime, respectively. The rate of BSE in the previous year was 31.5%, that of CBE in the previous year was 19.3%, and that of Pap smear examination at least once in life was 25.5%. The adjusted OR was higher for performing BSE (aOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.04-1.43), undergoing CBE (aOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.08-1.60) and undergoing Pap smear examination (aOR 2.38, 95% CI 1.92-2.93) among women in the highest wealth-index quintile as compared to those in the lowest quintile. The concentration index was 0.11 for BSE, 0.01 for CBE, and 0.27 for Pap smear examination. Women in their twenties, living in rural or the southern region of Jordan, with an elementary school education or less, who listened to the radio or read the newspaper not more than a few times a year, and nulliparous women were less likely to undergo breast and cervical cancer screening. Conclusions: The rates of breast and cervical cancer screening are low in Jordan. Reducing the sociodemographic and economic inequalities in breast and cervical cancer screenings requires concerted outreach activities for women living under socially deprived conditions.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.145-151
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• 2014

The study examines the feasibility of hosting the International Wood Industry EXPO as a part of the effort to establish Wood Industry Cluster in Jeollanam-do. The provisional EXPO period suggested by the study is 30 days between July 23 (Saturday) and August 21 (Sunday) 2016 and the proposed venues are Namdo International Education Center, Woodland, and Woodcraft Center, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanam-do, and so on. According to the study, it is calculated that the expected investment cost amounts to around 4.5 billion won and the number of total potential visitors reaches 1,627,478. The study also predicts that the EXPO generates various economic effects and outputs that can be quantified as following; a production inducement effect equivalent of 344.5 billion won, an income inducement effect of 77 billion won, an employment inducement effect corresponding to 3,899 jobs, a value-added inducement effect equivalent of 143 billion won, and an indirect tax inductive effect of 32 billion won. Then, emphasizing the need for the organizing committee that can play an important role in managing the overall EXPO events, the study, based on the figures, concludes that the International Wood Industry EXPO 2016 is to be promoted at the regional and national level.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.87-111
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• 2002

The hospice activities in Korea have still stood in the premature stage, although the contemporary hospice program, which professionally accommodates terminally ill patients, appeared in the history 35 years ago. Especially, the availability of the facility hospice is not only poor in number, but also lack of a guideline for the conduct of the facility. Saemmul Hospice has keenly felt the necessity of more facility hospices and has interchanged experiences and informations with people interested in hospice. However, the number of facilities has fallen short of one's expectations, and many problems have been revealed in order to maintain the operation. This paper was written in order to improve these atmospheres and to help more terminally ill cancer patients properly. This paper clarifies in detail the principle of management, the method of practice in each departments of Saemmul Hospice, expected effects and supplemental items. We try to provide concrete and practical informations and to help extensively for all peoples who are to begin or currently working. 1.Facility: It secures, maintain, and manage the hospice environment for all around care of patients effectively. 2.Education and Volunteer: It trains and manages hospice volunteers devoted to hospice. 3.Financial: It manages donation by healthy soul with an effective method. 4.Administration and Organization: It executes the administration efficiently and constitutes the organization to operate. 5.Medical and Nursing: It offers the maximum professional supports to a hospital. 6.Medicine and alternative medicine: It improves the quality of life of patients by medical and pharmaceutical approach and by other possible methods available. 7.Nutrition: It helps patients to have diets in accord with the order of the creation. 8.Belief: It offers spiritual care which allows the profound relationship with God. 9. Funeral ceremonies: Funeral ceremonies may heal grieves of families faced with their deaths. 10. Bereaved families: It supports the families after the deaths of patients. 11.Reception and consultation: It seeks to help the patients who meet the purposes for which Saemmul Hospice is established. 12.Publication: It allows publicity activities for Saemmul Hospice. Facility hospice programs are able to overcome the disadvantages that the other type of the hospice possess, like as the economic burdens of the families, and the patients' losses of comforts of home after being transferred to a hospital. Facility hospice can provide home atmosphere with professional manpower and facilities like hospital to the patients. Therefore, it can also improve patients' qualities of life and make them comfortable death. We anticipate that the hospice program in Korea would be more active to let more people be indebted to maintain the nobel human dignity and to cross beautifully in the most painful process of dying in the journey of their lives.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.423-430
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• 2011

This study aims to provide basic information for conducting reducing children's dental caries, and proper eating habits and ineffective oral health education activities by survey of children's oral examination and their mothers based on 9 elementary school at a local area in Gyeonggi Province from May, 4 until July, 20 2009, and the results were as follows: 1. The children's DMF rate by gender was higher in men than women, the children's dental caries by grades was higher in higher grades than lower grades, so there were statistically significant differences between children's dental caries experiences in gender and grades(p<0.05). 2. Mother's socio-economic characteristics, mother's detergent food intake frequency, the mother's protective food intake frequency and the snack consumption etc. had not great effects on the children's dental caries(p>0.05). In the dental caries experience in children according to the maternal eating behavior, there were the significant differences(p<0.05) between the degree of unbalanced diet in mother and dental caries experience df index in children. Proper eating behavior of balanced diet in mother must take precedence for children's oral health, and required for their children to have interests about proper eating habits and oral health.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.940-955
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree nutrient intake, health status and other characteristics of females aged 65 years and over in a longevity area according to family arrangement. For analysis, 585 female elderly were recruited from the Kugoksoondam area (Kurye, Goksung, Soonchang and Damyang counties), known as the longevity-belt region in Jeonla province, Korea. The subjects were categorized into three groups according to family arrangement (living alone, living with spouse only and living with family). Demographic characteristics were collected, as well as information on physical measurements, blood tests for biochemical indicators, health status and health-related life style, dietary behavior, favorite food groups, consumption frequency of food groups, nutrient intake and mini nutrition assessment. In the group living with their spouse only, the highest education, physical activity, diverse food intake, frequency of eating meats and fish, energy and nutrients intake, and score on the mininutrient status assessment (MNA) were found to be significantly favorable factors. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the group living with their spouse only had relatively superior nutrient intake and the quality of diet. In contrast, the group living alone showed the lowest self-rated economic status, diversity of food intake, and physical activity, with the highest frequency of drinking, smoking and regular exercise for almost everyday compared with the other groups. On the other hand, those living with family demonstrated the lowest intake of supplements or functional foods, and levels of hemoglobin hematocrit MCH, but the highest HBA1c and blood sugar. Therefore, the group living with family was assumed to be at risk of anemia and diabetes. These results could be useful to plan effective strategies to increase the health-life expectancy of Korean elderly people living in rural areas, according to family arrangement.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.37
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• pp.1-31
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• 1999

In Korea, little is known about unemployment duration and exit rate from unemployment. This paper empirically examines the duration of unemployment using data for the years 1996 and 1997 on unemployed individuals who are eligible for unemployment insurance benefits in Korea. A parametric survival model (log-normal model) is adopted to identify factors predicting transitions to reemployment. Factors that affect unemployment duration are sex, age, employment duration (year), prior salary, region, prior employment industry, cause of unemployment, officially determined unemployment benefit duration, degree of benefit exhaustion, and amount of benefits for early reemployment. However, education is not statistically significant In degree of benefit exhaustion, the exit rate from unemployment decreases as benefit exhaustion is approached. In amount of benefits for early reemployment, the exit rate from unemployment increases as amount of benefits increases. Hazards for reemployment gradually increase until 80 days after unemployment and gradually decrease in the following period. Thus, we find that distribution of hazards for reemployment has log-normal shapes between inverted U and inverted L This paper takes advantage of a unique analysis about unemployment duration and exit rate from unemployment in the Korean Unemployment Insurance system which functions as the most valuable social safely-net mechanism in the recent national economic crisis. Indeed, this paper provides a basic knowledge about realities of unemployed individuals in the Unemployment Insurance system and identifies research areas that require further study.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.251-277
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• 2015

This qualitative study is designed for the reconstruction of the experience of single mothers in poverty based on the bottom-up approach. Welfare dependency is identified as vital help to protect their own and children's lives, through their stories telling that welfare services provided by government and community take care of them "in place of their husbands", and "raise them up by hand." What is self-sufficiency to them is more of a process-orientation through welfare dependency than a state out of it, and a way to look through building their self-esteem and working to discover their self-worth except their economic power. Restoring their potential to self-sufficiency through dealing with their psycho-social stresses and expanding services for them related to child-care(education) and occupation ability development for long-term self-sufficiency, rather than hasty focusing on welfare exit, should be built on the foundation of helping them self-sufficient. In order for the self-sufficiency program to overcome the participant's images of "subordination and stigma" and to convey the original meaning of "welfare to work", the performance and evaluation system of self-sufficiency programs that reflects the insider's perspectives on their participation motive and process, and the self-sufficiency program customized for their needs and interests should be encouraged to develop.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.245-255
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to compare the physical health, anxiety and depression of the Dan-Jeon Breathing trained group with those of a non-trained group and to analyze the relationship between the training period of Dan-Jeon Breathing method and physical health, anxiety, and depression. The number of people in the Dan-Jeon Breathing trained group over 3 months was 149 and in the non-trained group 142. Data were collected from August to October 1999. As tools, 35 physical symptom questions were chosen from The Cornell Medical Index modified by Nam(1965) and from the Symptom Checklist-90-Revision(SCL-90-R) by Kim(1984); 10 questions on anxiety and 13 questions on depression were used in the study. The statistics of the study were gathered by using SPSS Window; the analysis was made by applying $X^2$-test, t-test, Pearson correlation, ANOVA and Scheffe tests. The results were as follows. 1. The Dan-Jeon Breathing trained group had lower physical symptom score and showed less anxiety and depression than the non-trained group, which supported the 1st, 2nd, 3rd hypotheses. 2. The longer the training period of Dan-Jeon Breathing, the lower the physical symptom score, which supports the 4th hypothesis, but the 5th and, 6th hypotheses were not supported because anxiety and depression did not get lower as the training period of Dan-Jeon Breathing got longer. 3. The physical symptom score, anxiety and depression that were made by the general characteristics of Dan-Jeon Breathing trained group were analyzed. As a result, the physical symptom score of women was greater than that of men. Physical symptoms score and the rate of anxiety and depression were different by education levels. The degree of anxiety was different by age. Those who have a religion have a higher physical symtoms score than people who have no religion. There was no difference in physical health score, anxiety and depression according to marital status, economic status and occupations. The results suggest that the physical and mental health status of Dan-Jeon Breathing trained group is better than that of the non-trained group. Physical symptoms scores gets lower as the training period of Dan-Jeon Breathing gets longer which results in the improvement of physical health status.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.51-63
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• 2020

In this study, the objective of the study was to verify how college students' entourage and transformational leadership can affect employment and entrepreneurship perception. In addition, with the coronavirus infection, which has a widespread global impact over the past few months, we want to see how the social issue of pandemic affects the personal characteristics of college students and their perceptions of employment and entrepreneurship. Research Results University students with high entrepreneurship and transformational leadership perceived the social issue of the Corona 19 pandemic as a crisis, which is comparable to the economic crisis, and rather than cringe, adapting to the shift of a new paradigm, new job opportunities or opportunities for entrepreneurship It was found to be an opportunity to recognize as. As the untact society is expected to become a new normal, securing new employment and entrepreneurship opportunities is emerging as an important factor through cultivation of entrustment and transformational leadership. The results of this study are based on the need for practical education on entrepreneurship and transformational leadership, such as creating a business model to strengthen the ability to'explore opportunities' to explore opportunities in crisis for potential entrepreneurs and college students with potential employment potential. Is suggesting.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.337-344
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• 2006

Purpose: To evaluate the vision-specific Quality of Life according to modes of refractive error correction in myopia. Method: This study included subjects from two different universities in Korea during March 2005 to June 2005. The following subjects (470) were university students, university faculty members, and their immediate families; all of whom were over the age of 19 and all who had refractive error of some sort. The four focus groups consisted of 171 spectacle wearers, 154 contact lens wearers, 123 refractive surgery patients, and 22 post-refractive surgery patients who returned to wearing glasses. The study of Vision-Specific Quality of Life used QIRC - The Quality of Life Impact of refractive Correction Questionnaire, which was translated by our group from English into Korean. Using analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) and adjusting for age, sex, job, economic status, and education level, we examined and compared the QOL mean scores of the three groups (glass & contact lenses wears, refractive surgery patients, and post-refractive surgery patients who returned to wearing glasses). Results: After adjusting for major compounding variance, the research results showed the highest QOL mean score of 43.2 for the group who had received refractive surgery, 37.1 for the glasses & contact lenses group, and 33.4 for patients who had returned to wearing glasses after refractive surgery. There were significant differences between the three groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: Refractive surgery has shown a significant contribution to improve the QOL in myopia patients. However, upon our investigation, patients who underwent refractive surgery and returned to wearing glasses had a lower QOL compared to non-refractive surgery patients who wore glasses/contact lenses. Upon concluding our studies that shows that refractive surgery does not always conclusively bring higher QOL, we would like patients to carefully consider their options before undergoing refractive surgery in the future.