• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제7권5호
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 2007

The high-rise apartment buildings have been constructed in large quantities to provide housing and used to be the popular residential types in Korea. However, it results that a number of problems are provoked such as the deteriorate of comfort and lack of sunshine access. Based on the judicial precedents, the sunshine access right should be guaranteed to enjoy uninterrupted sunlight for more than two hours continually between 9 am. and 3 pm or for more than four hours between 8 am and 4 pm in the winter solstice. The computer simulations are very strong tools to judge that the sunshine access right is infringed or not. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of two computer simulation programs such as 3Dmax and Lightscape programs broadly used in field areas. For the study, the three dimensional computer models are suggested, and the simulations are performed on the 30 minutes intervals. Also, the simulation results are compared by the results of scaled model experiments.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2012

This research is an illustrative research to verify the thermo environmental change created after introduction of indoor pond through abridged model test and simulation analysis. Especially, temperature and comfort level are analyzed by adjusting factors like size of water space, distance length, and location. Summary of the research is as follows. First, the most effective size of water space is 7% of the indoor size, from southern side. Temperature reduction effect is about $1.6^{\circ}C$(5.5%), and for the comfort level, it is found that pmv index increases 8%. Second, based on the simulation of distance length with the sphere, it is more effective as it is close to the surface. If distance length is more than 0.5m, there is no effect on reduction of temperature and comfort level of indoor environment. Lastly, for the analysis by location of the introduced water space, simulation is undertaken by dividing the water space (14% of the indoor size) with front, side, rear and center types. Temperature reduction effect is found to be : front type ($-1.53^{\circ}C$), side type ($-0.82^{\circ}C$), rear type ($-0.44^{\circ}C$), center type ($-0.28^{\circ}C$), respectively. The indoor environment change data by introduction of water space, found in this research, is at initial phase, but it is deemed to be a basic data to refer when planning actual water space.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2017

Purpose: Because of the growing concern over fossil fuel use and increasing demand for greenhouse gas emission reduction since the 1990s, the building energy analysis field has produced various types of methods, which are being applied more often and broadly than ever. A lot of research products have been actively proposed in the area of the building energy simulation for over 50 years around the world. However, in the last 20 years, there have been only a few research cases where the trend of building energy analysis is examined, estimated or compared. This research aims to investigate a trend of the building energy analysis by focusing on methodology and characteristics of each method. Method: The research papers addressing the building energy analysis are classified into two types of method: engineering analysis and algorithm estimation. Especially, EPG(Energy Performance Gap), which is the limit both for the existing engineering method and the single algorithm-based estimation method, results from comparing data of two different levels- in other words, real time data and simulation data. Result: When one or more ensemble algorithms are used, more accurate estimations of energy consumption and performance are produced, and thereby improving the problem of energy performance gap.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.413-422
• /
• 2022

돌맛조개(Barnea manilensis)는 조간대 하부의 석회암이나 이암 등 무른 암석을 천공하는 이매패류로, 입구는 좁고 안쪽은 넓은 구멍을 만들어 일생을 암석 안에서 서식한다. 본 연구에서는 실체현미경과 FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope)을 이용하여 돌맛조개의 형태와 패각의 미세구조를 관찰하였으며, EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) 분석을 통하여 부위별 원소함량을 측정하였다. 또한 3D모델링 및 구조동역학해석을 이용하여 돌맛조개의 천공 행동에 대한 시뮬레이션을 진행하였다. 미세구조 관찰 결과 패각은 상하 비대칭형이고 천공에 직접적으로 관여하는 앞쪽의 패각에는 두드러지게 융기되어 있는 쟁기 모양의 돌기가 일정한 방향성을 가지고 분포되어 있으며, 패각의 두께는 앞쪽이 뒤쪽보다 두꺼운 것으로 나타났다. EDS 결과 패각의 대부분을 차지하는 CaCO₃ 이외에도 Al, Si, Mn, Fe, Mg 등의 금속 원소가 앞쪽 패각 돌기 외곽에만 첨가된 것으로 보아 이는 패각의 강도를 높여 천공에 유리하게 작용될 것이라 추측된다. 시뮬레이션 결과 패각의 앞쪽과 패각 돌기 중 앞부분에 두드러지게 융기된 돌기가 모든 각도에서 하중을 받는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 실제로 암석을 천공하며 하중을 받는 부위는 앞쪽 패각 돌기임을 시사한다. 돌맛조개의 비정형 패각을 이용한 천공 기작은 추후 효율적인 천공 메커니즘을 고안하기 위한 기초 데이터로 활용될 것이라 기대된다.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2011

The goal of this study is to analyze the impact of load factors on building energy consumption by using EnergyPlus program. We selected a campus building and monitored energy consumption from January 2009 to November 2010. First, we simulated energy consumption basically with weather data, building heat gain and EHP performance data. And then we simulated energy consumption with three additional parameter(infiltration, OA control and schedule). Simulation results are verified by MBE and Cv(RMSE) proposed by M&V guideline 3.0. Simulated total energy consumption was 104.3% of measurements, 4.33% of MBE, and 13.62% of Cv(RMSE). Results show infiltration and schedule were revealed as the most dominant factor of heating energy consumption and of cooling energy consumption, respectively.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.52-59
• /
• 2005

The goal of this project is to estimate the instream flow of the Han River Basin to ensure the adequate supply of suitable quality water for preservation and enhancement of aquatic ecosystems. A applied model is Physical Habitant Simulation System(PHABSIM) of Instream Flow Incremental Methodology(IFIM). The parameters which are needed to simulation by PHABSIM such as flow depth, velocity distribution and channel cover with cross section data are obtained by field survey. The Habitat Suitability Criteria with the application of univariate curve on Zacco platypus as a target species was able to be established by conducting the field investigation. The estimated results of ecological recommended instream flow by this study has important meanings that the future river management have to seriously take into account for the natural environment and functions of river system.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 1999년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 1999

From the lessons after the Nakhodka oil-spill in Jan. 1997, oil slick detection by using remote sensing data and assimilating the data to the simulation program is important for monitoring the oil-drift pattern. For this object, we are going to construct the oil-spill warning system for estimating the oil-drift pattern using remotesensing/numerical simulation Model. Additionally we plan to use this system for restorating oil-spill damage domestically, such as estimating the ecological damage and making the priority fur restorating the oil-spilled shoreline. This report is intended to summarize the role of geo-informatics in the oil spill accident by not only paying attention to the effect of information provision/information management via the map, but also reporting the interim result in part based on the details discussed in the processes of recovery support and environmental impact assessment during the Nakhodka's accident.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.194-202
• /
• 1984

The mathematical and simulation models to estimate the monthly average daily solar irradiance onthe terminal cladodes of platyopuntia were established. An east-west facing cladode showed maximum irradiance from March to October, while south-north facing one did from November to February from themodel. The orientations and the tilt angles were practically measured on Hallim-eup, Cheju-do. They tended to face east-west, but the overall distribution was deviagted at about 10。 was owing to the southern east wind blowing strongly at that time. The most cladodes inclined to the north or the west rather than erected vertically to the ground. It is thought that the tilt angles were also affected by the southern east wind.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2010

Recently, various daylight evaluation methods for visual environment have been developed; simulation analysis methods, numerical calculation, and data monitoring methods. However, it is impossible for simulation analysis to make real scenes and visualize real images exactly. Also, a numerical calculation is considered as an out of date and time-consuming mean. Therefore, for acquisition of accurate results, many studies often use the monitoring data methods. Especially, most studies regarding discomfort glare are evaluated by measuring the physical quantity of luminance through traditional measuring Minolta Luminance meters as an instrument. But, this method has a difficulty in measuring several points at the same time because of the limitation of spaces and time when mapping. So, this study focused on the potential usefulness of High Dynamic Range photography technique as a luminance mapping tool. In order to evaluate the accuracy of proposed programs such as webHDR, Photomatix and PHOTOLUX, this paper has conducted an experiment by using Canon EOS 5D and NICON Coolpix8400 digital camera.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2010

In these days numerous super tall buildings are under construction or being planned in Middle East and Asian countries. Some of them are planned as an ultra high-rise building that goes over 600m tall, including Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world. External environment such as wind speed, temperature and humidity of the super tall building varies due to its vertical height. Therefore, it is necessary to consider these environmental changes to estimate building heating and cooling load. This paper analyzes how vertical microclimate difference affects building heating and cooling load in super tall building by simulation using radiosonde climate data. Besides, the correlation between air-tightness of building envelope and building load was analyzed for a super tall building.